Your search found 4 records
1 Kizito, Fred; Dragila, M. I.; Sene, M.; Brooks, J. R.; Meinzer, F. C.; Diedhiou, I.; Diouf, M.; Lufafa, A.; Dick, R. P.; Selker, J.; Cuenca, R. 2012. Hydraulic redistribution by two semi-arid shrub species: implications for Sahelian agro-ecosystems. Journal of Arid Environments, 83:69-77. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2012.03.010]
Agroecosystems ; Soil water content ; Soil moisture ; Food crops ; Microclimate / West Africa / Senegal / Peanut Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044987)
(0.72 MB)
Hydraulic redistribution is the process of passive water movement from deeper moist soil to shallower dry soil layers using plant roots as conduits. Results from this study indicate that this phenomenon exists among two shrub species (Guiera senegalensis and Piliostigma reticulatum) that co-exist with annual food crops in Sahelian agro-ecosystems. Real-time measurements were conducted for soil water content, soil water potential and microclimate variables notably; air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, precipitation and solar irradiance. Additionally, sap flow measurements were conducted in shrub roots using the thermal dissipation technique on intact and coppiced shrubs. Monthly predawn leaf water potential was measured using a portable pressure chamber. Soil water potential (Js) at the 20 cm depth declined significantly during the dry season with diel changes in Js of 0.6 to 1.1 MPa. These variations were attributed to passive water release from shrub roots resulting in overnight rewetting of drier upper soil layers. Sap flow measurements on tap and lateral shrub roots indicated daily reversals in the direction of flow. During the peak of the dry season, both positive (toward shrub) and negative (toward soil) flows were observed in lateral shrub roots with sap flow in the lateral roots frequently negative at night and rapidly becoming positive soon after sunrise. The negative sap flow at night in superficial lateral roots and the periodic positive flow in the descending tap roots were indicative of hydraulic redistribution. Hydraulic redistribution may be an important mechanism for drought stress avoidance while maintaining plant physiological functions in both shrubs and neighboring annuals in water-limited environments.
2 Wiegant, D. A.; van Steenbergen, F. 2018. Steps towards groundwater-sensitive land use governance and management practices. In Villholth Karen G.; Lopez-Gunn, E.; Conti, K.; Garrido, A.; Van Der Gun, J. (Eds.). Advances in groundwater governance. Leiden, Netherlands: CRC Press. pp.307-327.
Groundwater management ; Water governance ; Water quality ; Water use ; Land use ; Land management ; Land ownership ; Land rights ; Landscape ; Microclimate ; Soil fertility ; Nitrates ; Ecosystem services ; Flow discharge ; Infiltration ; Evaporation
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H048554)
3 Gardner, A. S.; Gaston, K. J.; Maclean, I. M. D. 2021. Combining qualitative and quantitative methodology to assess prospects for novel crops in a warming climate. Agricultural Systems, 190:103083. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2021.103083]
Crops ; Cultivation ; Assessment ; Climate change ; Temperature ; Farmland ; Farmers ; Borago officinalis ; Soybeans ; Hemp ; Sea kale ; Sweet potatoes ; Microclimate ; Models / England / Cornwall / Isles of Scilly
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050369)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308521X21000366/pdfft?md5=76ecc004f7310db623d676ce82532ce1&pid=1-s2.0-S0308521X21000366-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050369.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050369.pdf
(2.76 MB) (2.76 MB)
Context: Climate change will alter the global distribution of climatically suitable space for many species, including agricultural crops. In some locations, warmer temperatures may offer opportunities to grow novel, high value crops, but non-climatic factors also inform agricultural decision-making. These non-climatic factors can be difficult to quantify and incorporate into suitability assessments, particularly for uncertain futures.
Objective: To demonstrate how qualitative and quantitative techniques can be combined to assess crop suitability with consideration for climatic and non-climatic factors.
Methods: We carried out a horizon scanning exercise that used Delphi methodology to identify possible novel crops for a region in south-west England. We show how the results of the expert panel assessment could be combined with a crop suitability model that only considered climate to identify the best crops to grow in the region.
Results and conclusions: Whilst improving climate and crop models will enhance the ability to identify environmental constraints to growing novel crops, we propose horizon scanning as a useful tool to understand constraints on crop suitability that are beyond the parameterisation of these models and that may affect agricultural decisions.
Significance: A similar combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches to assessing crop suitability could be used to identify potential novel crops in other regions and to support more holistic assessments of crop suitability in a changing world.
Objective: To demonstrate how qualitative and quantitative techniques can be combined to assess crop suitability with consideration for climatic and non-climatic factors.
Methods: We carried out a horizon scanning exercise that used Delphi methodology to identify possible novel crops for a region in south-west England. We show how the results of the expert panel assessment could be combined with a crop suitability model that only considered climate to identify the best crops to grow in the region.
Results and conclusions: Whilst improving climate and crop models will enhance the ability to identify environmental constraints to growing novel crops, we propose horizon scanning as a useful tool to understand constraints on crop suitability that are beyond the parameterisation of these models and that may affect agricultural decisions.
Significance: A similar combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches to assessing crop suitability could be used to identify potential novel crops in other regions and to support more holistic assessments of crop suitability in a changing world.
4 Agocsova, A; Chodasova, Z. 2021. Innovative methods in sustainable urban development and water management. TEM Journal - Technology, Education, Management, Informatics, 10(2):757-765. [doi: https://doi.org/10.18421/TEM102-33]
Urban development ; Water management ; Sustainable development ; Innovation ; Rainwater harvesting ; Infrastructure ; Tanks ; Water scarcity ; Climate change ; Microclimate ; Evaporation ; Vegetation ; Economic aspects / Czechia / Brno
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050534)
http://www.temjournal.com/content/102/TEMJournalMay2021_757_765.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050534.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050534.pdf
(2.01 MB) (2.01 MB)
Innovative methods presently affect all sectors of the national economy contributing to the progress and overall development of the economy, and the living standard worldwide. Innovations are equally necessary both in the private and in public sectors therefore, the original innovative ideas in each sector are greatly accepted. Similar concept is significant for companies dealing with urban water management. New methods are available mainly for capturing and reusing of rainwater in urban areas which leads to a positive impact on sustainable urban water management regarding today's water scarcity problems. This article describes some of the most popular innovative methods and examples used for rainwater harvesting, recycling and reuse. As a result, the evaluation of the most suitable water harvesting techniques related to sustainable water management, and their application in the city of Brno in Czech Republic are described.
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