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1 Nguimalet, C.-R. 2018. Comparison of community-based adaptation strategies for droughts and floods in Kenya and the Central African Republic. Water International, 43(2):183-204. (Special issue: Climate Change and Adaptive Water Management: Innovative Solutions from the Global South). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02508060.2017.1393713]
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048592)
(2.30 MB) (2.30 MB)
This paper discusses community-based adaptation strategies for droughts and floods in small watersheds in Kenya and the Central African Republic. Survey data on adaptation strategies and annual rainfall data in the watersheds were used to assess the occurrence of floods and droughts, and their impacts. In both areas, the main adaptation strategy for floods is temporary relocation. For droughts, changing livelihood activities was the main adaptation strategy, while relief-seeking applied to both droughts and floods. We recommend greater preparedness, capacity building, and the diversification of livelihoods as means of enhancing adaptation.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050261)
(47.50 MB) (47.5 MB)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050770)
(14.30 MB) (14.3 MB)
Study Region: Africa. The Lake Chad transboundary aquifer
Study Focus: To understand transboundary groundwater hydrodynamics and estimate quantitative groundwater fluxes values between aquifer-sharing countries. To enable estimations, we developed an updated 3D ‘quasi steady-state’ regional groundwater flow model of the Chad Formation based on integrating extensive available information and reflecting the best current conceptual understanding to date. The conceptual model was tentatively assessed by a steady-state numerical model based on MODFLOW.
New Hydrological Insights for the Region: This model simulates lateral groundwater flows between neighboring countries, and also provides insights into the large-scale flow pattern and flows among hydroestratigraphic units. Modeling indicated that groundwater fluxes through international borders exist between Basin-sharing countries, except between Central African Republic and Cameroon, where a buffer area was considered for modeling purposes, leading to more uncertain results. From 14ºN parallel to further north, data are scanty and outcomes should be carefully considered. Forecasting transboundary impacts indicated that changes in recharge rates were more sensitive that changes in groundwater abstraction. To date, abstraction represents a small part of the water balance, but if it increases, it can become a driving factor in the future. Land use change and water use in the source areas (southern area) will have the strongest impact on transboundary groundwater flows due to changes in recharge, which will lead to quantitative changes in groundwater levels, artesian conditions, or even water quality.
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