Your search found 8 records
1 Amarasinghe, Upali A.; Shah, Tushaar; Singh, Om Prakash. 2007. Changing consumption patterns: implications on food and water demand in India. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 37p. (IWMI Research Report 119) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.119]
Food consumption ; Cereals ; Water demand ; Water use ; Irrigated farming ; Crop production ; Grain ; Livestock / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7 G635 AMA Record No: H040401)
(544 KB)
Increasing income and urbanization are triggering a rapid change in food consumption patterns in India. This report assesses India's changing food consumption patterns and their implications on future food and water demand. According to the projections made in this study, the total calorie supply would continue to increase, but the dominance of food grains in the consumption basket is likely to decrease by 2050, and the consumption of non-grain crops and animal products would increase to provide a major part of the daily calorie supply. Although the total food grain demand will decrease, the total grain demand is likely to increase with the increasing feed demand for the livestock. The implications of the changing consumption patterns are assessed through consumptive water use (CWU) under the assumptions of full or partial food self-sufficiency.
2 Brown, L. R. 2012. Full planet, empty plates: the new geopolitics of food scarcity. New York, NY, USA: W. W. Norton. 144p.
Food shortages ; Population growth ; Grain ; Yields ; Aquaculture ; Fisheries ; Biofuels ; Erosion ; Climate change ; Land acquisitions ; Institutes ; Water supply ; River basins ; Irrigation
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 338.1 G00BRO Record No: H046003)
(0.26 MB)
3 Erkossa, Teklu; Haileslassie, Amare; Amede, T. 2015. Agricultural water productivity across landscape positions and management alternatives. Paper presented at the Annual Tropical and Subtropical Agricultural and Natural Resource Management (Tropentag) Conference on Management of Land Use Systems for Enhanced Food Security –Conflicts, Controversies and Resolutions, Berlin, Germany, 16-18 September 2015. 4p.
Agricultural production ; Water productivity ; Landscape ; Land management ; Food production ; Farmers ; Rainfed farming ; Watersheds ; Crop residues ; Livestock breeds ; Feeding systems ; Biomass ; Grain
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047275)
(0.55 MB) (566 KB)
4 Muche, H.; Abdela, M.; Schmitter, Petra; Nakawuka, Prossie; Tilahun, S. A.; Steenhuis, T.; Langan, Simon. 2017. Application of deep tillage and Berken Maresha for hardpan sites to improve infiltration and crop productivity [Abstract only] Paper presented at the 5th International Conference on the Advancement of Science and Technology, Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia. 1p.
Crop production ; Crop yield ; Productivity ; Infiltration ; Tillage ; Penetration ; Grain ; Maize ; Erosion ; Runoff / Ethiopia / Blue Nile River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048309)
Long term use of Maresha plow, a conventional plow pulled by oxen, has resulted in the formation of a restrictive layer thereby limiting water movement and aeration as well as root zone penetration in the soil profile. Several studies have shown that improved tillage practices can positively affect infiltration and aeration resulting in increased rainwater use efficiency and agricultural production. However, rather limited information is available about the use of the Berken plough as a potential alternative for tillage practices. We studied the impact of improved tillage practices on infiltration, erosion, runoff and crop productivity during the rainy period of 2016 in Robit-Bata watershed located in upper Blue Nile, Ethiopia. The experiments were carried out in Maize fields where four tillage treatments were compared: (i) no-till (NT), no ploughing; (ii) conventional (CT), plots tilled three times using oxen driven Maresha, (iii) deep (DT), manual digging up to 60 cm using a mattock and (iv) Berken tillage (BT), plots tilled three times using an oxen driven Berken plough. Soil physical parameters (e.g. penetration resistance, bulk density) where measured before tillage treatment and after the cropping season. Additionally, crop performance (plant height, yield, residual biomass and root depth) and measurements on infiltration, sediment yield and runoff were collected. Tillage depth was significantly higher in DT (60 cm) followed by BT (27.58 cm) and CT (18.13cm). At the end of the season, the measured penetration resistance was significantly (p<0.01) lower at 20 cm depth in the DT and BT plots compared to the NT and the CT treatments. Infiltration rates increased from 115.2 mm hr-1(NT), 120 mm hr-1(CT) to 242.4 mm hr-1(DT), 261.6 mm hr-1(BT) (p<0.01) . The total runoff depth significantly decreased in the DT (29.46 mm) and BT treatments (33.53 mm) as compared to the CT (71.45 mm) and NT (98.77 mm) (p < 0.05). Similarly higher sediment yields were recorded for the CT (5.5 t ha-1) and NT (6.6 t ha-1) compared to the DT (2.6 tha-1) and BT (2.6 t ha-1) plots. Deeper tillage in DT and BT treatments as well as the presence of invisible barriers along the contour in Berken system could be the reason for the observed increase in filtration and the reduction of runoff and soil loss. On the other hand, the root length under DT was (> 50cm) followed by BT (>40cm) and NT and CT (both < 30 cm). Grain yield of maize was significantly lower in the NT (2.6 t ha-1) compared to yields measured in the CT (3.8 t ha-1), DT (3.8t ha-1) and BT (4.0 t ha-1) treatments (p <0.05). Results show that improved tillage practices such as deep tillage or Berken plough could increase permeability and herefore root penetration and agricultural productivity whilst decreasing erosion and runoff in the Ethiopian Highlands. The adoption of these techniques in the Ethiopian highlands could improve the sustainability of rainfed agriculture and reduce the environmental impacts associated with traditional tillage practices.
5 Matchaya, Greenwell; Nhlengethwa, Sibusiso; Greffiths, Jacob; Fakudze, Bhekiwe. 2020. Maize grain price trends in food surplus and deficit areas of Mozambique under Covid-19. AKADEMIYA2063: Covid-19 Bulletin, 7:1-4.
Food prices ; Economic trends ; Food surplus ; Food shortages ; Maize ; Grain ; COVID-19 ; Domestic markets ; Forecasting / Mozambique
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050019)
https://akademiya2063.org/uploads/Covid-19-Bulletin-007.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050019.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050019.pdf
(0.84 MB) (857 KB)
This bulletin presents an overview of maize price movements in Mozambique with the view of investigating whether there may be a relationship between the incidence of Covid-19 and maize price changes in local markets.
6 Matchaya, Greenwell; Fakudze, Bhekiwe; Nhlengethwa, Sibusiso; Greffiths, Ikhothatseng. 2020. Maize grain price trends in food surplus and deficit areas of Malawi under Covid-19. AKADEMIYA2063: Covid-19 Bulletin, 11:1-5.
Food prices ; Economic trends ; Food surplus ; Food shortages ; Maize ; Grain ; COVID-19 ; Domestic markets ; Urban areas ; Rural areas ; Forecasting ; Models / Malawi
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050047)
https://www.akademiya2063.org/uploads/Covid-19-Bulletin-011.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050047.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050047.pdf
(0.85 MB) (866 KB)
Understanding staple food price dynamics is important for planning and targeting of interventions to protect livelihoods among the poor and vulnerable in time of crisis.
7 Nhlengethwa, Sibusiso; Matchaya, Greenwell; Greffiths, Jacob; Fakudze, Bhekiwe. 2020. Maize grain price trends in food surplus and deficit areas of Zambia under the COVID-19 pandemic. AKADEMIYA2063: Covid-19 Bulletin, 14:1-5.
Maize ; Grain ; Food prices ; Economic trends ; Food surplus ; Food shortages ; Markets ; COVID-19 ; Pandemics ; Travel restrictions / Zambia / Lusaka / Copperbelt / Eastern Province / Central Province
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050167)
https://akademiya2063.org/uploads/Covid-19-Bulletin-014.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050167.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050167.pdf
(0.82 MB) (837 KB)
8 Kumar, K.; Parihar, C. M.; Nayak, H. S.; Sena, Dipaka R.; Godara, S.; Dhakar, R.; Patra, K.; Sarkar, A.; Bharadwaj, S.; Ghasal, P. C.; Meena, A. L.; Reddy, K. S.; Das, T. K.; Jat, S. L.; Sharma, D. K.; Saharawat, Y. S.; Singh, U.; Jat, M. L.; Gathala, M. K. 2024. Modeling maize growth and nitrogen dynamics using CERES-Maize (DSSAT) under diverse nitrogen management options in a conservation agriculture-based maize-wheat system. Scientific Reports, 14:11743. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-61976-6]
Maize ; Plant growth ; Modelling ; Nitrogen ; Ammonia ; Volatilization ; Conservation agriculture ; Wheat ; Zero tillage ; Leaf area index ; Biomass ; Grain ; Crop yield ; Forecasting / India / New Delhi
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052860)
(2.40 MB) (2.40 MB)
Agricultural field experiments are costly and time-consuming, and often struggling to capture spatial and temporal variability. Mechanistic crop growth models offer a solution to understand intricate crop-soil-weather system, aiding farm-level management decisions throughout the growing season. The objective of this study was to calibrate and the Crop Environment Resource Synthesis CERES-Maize (DSSAT v 4.8) model to simulate crop growth, yield, and nitrogen dynamics in a long-term conservation agriculture (CA) based maize system. The model was also used to investigate the relationship between, temperature, nitrate and ammoniacal concentration in soil, and nitrogen uptake by the crop. Additionally, the study explored the impact of contrasting tillage practices and fertilizer nitrogen management options on maize yields. Using field data from 2019 and 2020, the DSSAT-CERES-Maize model was calibrated for plant growth stages, leaf area index-LAI, biomass, and yield. Data from 2021 were used to evaluate the model's performance. The treatments consisted of four nitrogen management options, viz., N0 (without nitrogen), N150 (150 kg N/ha through urea), GS (Green seeker-based urea application) and USG (urea super granules @150kg N/ha) in two contrasting tillage systems, i.e., CA-based zero tillage-ZT and conventional tillage-CT. The model accurately simulated maize cultivar’s anthesis and physiological maturity, with observed value falling within 5% of the model’s predictions range. LAI predictions by the model aligned well with measured values (RMSE 0.57 and nRMSE 10.33%), with a 14.6% prediction error at 60 days. The simulated grain yields generally matched with measured values (with prediction error ranging from 0 to 3%), except for plots without nitrogen application, where the model overestimated yields by 9–16%. The study also demonstrated the model's ability to accurately capture soil nitrate–N levels (RMSE 12.63 kg/ha and nRMSE 12.84%). The study concludes that the DSSAT-CERES-Maize model accurately assessed the impacts of tillage and nitrogen management practices on maize crop’s growth, yield, and soil nitrogen dynamics. By providing reliable simulations during the growing season, this modelling approach can facilitate better planning and more efficient resource management. Future research should focus on expanding the model's capabilities and improving its predictions further.
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