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1 Liu, Z.; Huang, Y.; Liu, T.; Li, J.; Xing, W.; Akmalov, S.; Peng, J.; Pan, X.; Guo, C.; Duan, Y. 2020. Water balance analysis based on a quantitative evapotranspiration inversion in the Nukus Irrigation area, Lower Amu River Basin. Remote Sensing, 12(14):2317. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12142317]
Water balance ; Evapotranspiration ; River basins ; Irrigation water ; Water use ; Energy balance ; Groundwater table ; Groundwater recharge ; Remote sensing ; Precipitation ; Land cover ; Land use ; Cultivated land ; Vegetation ; Models / Uzbekistan / Aral Sea / Lower Amu Darya River Basin / Nukus Irrigation Area
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049918)
(6.45 MB) (6.45 MB)
Human activities are mainly responsible for the Aral Sea crisis, and excessive farmland expansion and unreasonable irrigation regimes are the main manifestations. The conflicting needs of agricultural water consumption and ecological water demand of the Aral Sea are increasingly prominent. However, the quantitative relationship among the water balance elements in the oasis located in the lower reaches of the Amu Darya River Basin and their impact on the retreat of the Aral Sea remain unclear. Therefore, this study focused on the water consumption of the Nukus irrigation area in the delta of the Amu Darya River and analyzed the water balance variations and their impacts on the Aral Sea. The surface energy balance algorithm for land (SEBAL) was employed to retrieve daily and seasonal evapotranspiration (ET) levels from 1992 to 2018, and a water balance equation was established based on the results of a remote sensing evapotranspiration inversion. The results indicated that the actual evapotranspiration (ETa) simulated by the SEBAL model matched the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) calculated by the Penman–Monteith method well, and the correlation coefficients between the two ETa sources were greater than 0.8. The total ETa levels in the growing seasons decreased from 1992 to 2005 and increased from 2005 to 2015, which is consistent with the changes in the cultivated land area and inflows from the Amu Darya River. In 2000, 2005 and 2010, the groundwater recharge volumes into the Aral Sea during the growing season were 6.74×109 m3, 1.56×109 m3 and 8.40×109 m3; respectively; in the dry year of 2012, regional ET exceeded the river inflow, and 2.36×109 m3 of groundwater was extracted to supplement the shortage of irrigation water. There is a significant two-year lag correlation between the groundwater level and the area of the southern Aral Sea. This study can provide useful information for water resources management in the Aral Sea region
2 Yu, S.; Peng, J.; Xia, P.; Wang, Q.; Grabowski, R. C.; Azhoni, A.; Bala, B.; Shankar, V.; Meersmans, J. 2023. Network analysis of water-related ecosystem services in search of solutions for sustainable catchment management: a case study in Sutlej-Beas River systems, India. Ecosystem Services, 63:101557. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2023.101557]
Ecosystem services ; Watershed management ; Network analysis ; Land use ; Flooding ; Mitigation ; Stakeholders ; Water conservation ; Water power ; Case studies / India / Sutlej-Beas River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052352)
(8.57 MB)
Hydrological processes and ecosystem interactions are instrumental in sustaining local populations by providing various water-related ecosystem services (ES). Numerous studies gave priority to the theories and methods of building networks that emphasized different stakeholders. However, little study has examined the complex relationships among water-related ES themselves and how relevant human activities affect ES networks. To narrow this gap, in this study we quantified four critical water-related ES (flood mitigation, hydropower production, soil retention, and water conservation), set up six ES network types based on the synergy relationship, and further explored the effect of human activities on these networks. The results showed that among six ES network categories, networks with four fully linked ES occupied a large percentage of 23.20% while the network with one central ES linking two others accounted for the lowest percentage (9.28%). Compared with other ES, soil retention tended to be less centralized within the networks. In addition, land use intensity was found to greatly influence the ES networks compared with other indicators, especially for less complex networks. Our results highlighted the importance of network analysis in searching solutions for sustainable catchment management.
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