Your search found 6 records
1 Singh, A. 2016. Managing the water resources problems of irrigated agriculture through geospatial techniques: an overview. Agricultural Water Management, 174:2-10. (Special Issue on Sustainable Water resources Management: Theory and Case Studies, Part I Overseen by Dr. Brent Clothier). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2016.04.021]
Irrigated farming ; Water resources ; Water management ; Groundwater ; Waterlogging ; Soil salinization ; Remote sensing ; GIS ; Spatial variation ; Monitoring techniques ; Case studies / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047662)
(1.23 MB)
The intensification of irrigated agriculture is a prerequisite for fulfilling the rising food requirements of the burgeoning global population. But the expansion of irrigated agriculture causes the water resources problems in irrigated areas. The twin menace, i.e., waterlogging and soil salinization of irrigated agriculture can be managed by either adopting preventive measures which decrease the inflow or by employing remedial measures which increase the outflow of water and salt. Remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) are very useful tool and offer a good option to traditional techniques in monitoring and evaluation of waterlogged and saline areas. This paper presents an overview of the applications of remote sensing and GIS techniques for the management of water resources problems of irrigated agriculture. The indication and background of the water resources problems are provided. The integrated use of remote sensing and GIS techniques in the management of water resources problems are also discussed. Finally, the case studies of applications of integrated remote sensing and GIS approach and some conclusions are presented.
2 Amarnath, Giriraj; Clark, James. 2016. Drought monitoring system helps strengthen resiliency to climate change. World Water, 39(1)January-February:14-15.
Water management ; Climate change ; Resilience ; Drought ; Monitoring techniques ; Remote sensing ; Satellite imagery ; Rain ; Weather forecasting ; Farmland / South Asia / India / Bundelkhand
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047696)
(2.98 MB)
3 Sari, M. D. K.; Kristensen, G. H.; Andersen, M.; Ducheyne, A. A. M.; Lee, W. A. 2017. Water-reuse Risk Assessment Program (WRAP): a refinery case study. Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination, 7(2):162-174. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2016.175]
Water reuse ; Risk assessment ; Waste water treatment plants ; Water quality control ; Monitoring techniques ; HACCP ; Strategies ; Models ; Pollutants ; Chemicophysical properties ; Case studies
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048126)
(0.34 MB) (348 KB)
The key approach to manage and prevent potential hazards arising from specific contaminants in water networks is to consider water as the main product delivered. This new concept, addressed as water-reuse risk assessment program (WRAP), has been further developed from hazard analysis of critical control points (HACCP) to illustrate the potential hazards which are the roots of hindering intra-facility water reuse strategies. For industrial sectors applying water reclamation and reuse schemes, it is paramount that the reclaimed water quality stays within the desired quality. The objective of WRAP is to establish a new methodology and knowledge, which will contribute to the sustainable development of industrial water management, and demonstrate its capabilities in identifying and addressing any potential hazards in the selected schemes adoption by the industries. A ‘what-if’ scenario was simulated using a refinery as a case study to show strategies on how to benefit reclaimed or reuse water based on reliable, applied and scientific research within the process integration area. In conclusion, the WRAP model will facilitate operators, consultants and decision makers to reuse water on a fit-for-use basis whilst avoiding contaminant accumulation in the overall system and production of sub-quality products from inadequate processes after several reuses.
4 Shrestha, N. K.; Qamer, F. M.; Pedreros, D.; Murthy, M. S. R.; Wahid, S. M.; Shrestha, M. 2017. Evaluating the accuracy of Climate Hazard Group (CHG) satellite rainfall estimates for precipitation based drought monitoring in Koshi Basin, Nepal. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 13:138-151. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2017.08.004]
Meteorological observations ; Satellite observation ; Drought ; Rain ; Monitoring techniques ; Evaluation ; Precipitation ; Weather data ; Estimation ; Meteorological stations ; Mountains ; River basins / Nepal / Koshi Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048329)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214581817300563/pdfft?md5=a0555e8065605f69522a60b59a4520d2&pid=1-s2.0-S2214581817300563-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048329.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048329.pdf
(1.64 MB) (1.64 MB)
Study region: Koshi basin, Nepal.
Study focus: While rainfall estimates based on satellite measurements are becoming a very attractive option, they are characterized by non-negligible biases. As such, we assessed the accuracy of two satellite products of the Climate Hazard Group (CHG) – (a) a satellite-only Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation (CHIRP) product, and (b) a CHIRP blended with ground-based station data (CHIRPS) – at a monthly time scale from 1981 to 2010 in the Koshi basin of Nepal using ground-based measurements. A separate analysis was also made for the data set after 1992, as the number of stations used in the blending has significantly reduced since 1992. Next, both CHG data sets were used to calculate one of the most popularly-used precipitation-based drought indicators – the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI).
New hydrological insights for the study region: The accuracy of the CHG data set was found to be better in low-lying regions, while it was worse in higher-elevation regions. While the CHIRPS data set was better for the whole period, the CHIRP data set was found to be better for the period after 1992. Physiographic region-wise bias correction has improved the accuracy of the CHG products significantly, especially in higher-elevation regions. In terms of SPI values, the two CHG data sets indicated different drought severity when considering the whole period. However, the SPI values, and hence the drought severity were comparable when using the data from after 1992.
Study focus: While rainfall estimates based on satellite measurements are becoming a very attractive option, they are characterized by non-negligible biases. As such, we assessed the accuracy of two satellite products of the Climate Hazard Group (CHG) – (a) a satellite-only Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation (CHIRP) product, and (b) a CHIRP blended with ground-based station data (CHIRPS) – at a monthly time scale from 1981 to 2010 in the Koshi basin of Nepal using ground-based measurements. A separate analysis was also made for the data set after 1992, as the number of stations used in the blending has significantly reduced since 1992. Next, both CHG data sets were used to calculate one of the most popularly-used precipitation-based drought indicators – the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI).
New hydrological insights for the study region: The accuracy of the CHG data set was found to be better in low-lying regions, while it was worse in higher-elevation regions. While the CHIRPS data set was better for the whole period, the CHIRP data set was found to be better for the period after 1992. Physiographic region-wise bias correction has improved the accuracy of the CHG products significantly, especially in higher-elevation regions. In terms of SPI values, the two CHG data sets indicated different drought severity when considering the whole period. However, the SPI values, and hence the drought severity were comparable when using the data from after 1992.
5 Moyo, M.; Van Rooyen, A.; Bjornlund, H.; Parry, K.; Stirzaker, R.; Dube, T.; Maya, M. 2020. The dynamics between irrigation frequency and soil nutrient management: transitioning smallholder irrigation towards more profitable and sustainable systems in Zimbabwe. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 26p. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2020.1739513]
Irrigation schemes ; Smallholders ; Farmers ; Soil fertility ; Soil moisture ; Nutrient management ; Irrigated farming ; Irrigation water ; Water productivity ; Agricultural productivity ; Maize ; Water use ; Rain ; Fertilizers ; Sustainability ; Decision making ; Monitoring techniques ; Household surveys / Zimbabwe / Mkoba Irrigation Scheme / Silalatshani Irrigation Scheme
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049729)
(3.28 MB)
Successful irrigated agriculture is underpinned by answering two critical questions: when and how much to irrigate. This article quantifies the role of the Chameleon and the Wetting Front Detector, monitoring tools facilitating decision-making and learning about soil-water-nutrient dynamics. Farmers retained nutrients in the root zone by reducing irrigation frequency, number of siphons, and event duration. Water productivity increased by more than 100% for farmers both with and without monitoring tools. Transitioning smallholder irrigation systems into profitable and sustainable schemes requires investment in technology, farmers and institutions. Importantly, technologies need embedding in a learning environment that fosters critical feedback mechanisms, such as market constraints.
6 LeGrand, M. C. L.; Luce, J. J.; Metcalfe, R. A.; Buttle, J. M. 2020. Development of an inexpensive automated streamflow monitoring system. Hydrological Processes, 34(13):3021-3023. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13783]
Stream flow ; Monitoring techniques ; Rivers ; Surface water ; Velocity ; Particles ; Estimation / Canada / Ontario
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049772)
(0.33 MB)
Estimating streamflow is time and labour intensive due to the necessity of developing a rating curve. The development of a rating curve involves acquiring in-field measurements of streamflow across a wide range of flow levels, which can be costly and impractical in remote regions with limited seasonal access. Here we showcase an automated system which estimates streamflow multiple times each day, greatly facilitating the development of rating curves for remote or seasonally inaccessible sites. The system uses an emerging technique referred to as particle image velocimetry (PIV) to track the movement of objects and flow structure features on the mobile water surface to generate velocity vector grids. Velocity grids were used to calculate streamflow and facilitate the development of a rating curve. This work contributes to our field-based knowledge for using automated PIV systems to estimate streamflow in small streams (<5 m wide) using automatically distributed particles.
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