Your search found 3 records
1 Laszlo, S.; Grantham, K.; Oskay, E.; Zhang, T. 2020. Grappling with the challenges of measuring women's economic empowerment in intrahousehold settings. World Development, 132:104959. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.104959]
Gender ; Women's empowerment ; Economic aspects ; Households ; Income ; Developing countries ; Decision making ; Policies ; Labour market ; Cash transfers ; Social aspects ; Marriage ; Fertility ; Models
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049726)
(0.43 MB)
Defining and measuring women's economic empowerment (WEE) has been at the centre of the current debates among international development scholars and practitioners. The lack of clear consensus on both may limit widespread efforts to design and evaluate programs and policies aimed at improving women's well-being. Building on intra-household allocation models and on Sen (1989) and Kabeer (1999), this paper proposes a conceptual framework of intrahousehold decision-making which can accommodate many classes of WEE measures. It proposes a typology of WEE measures which combines proximity of concept to measurability. Findings from a review of the scholarly literature between 2005 and 2020 are then presented to demonstrate the diversity of published approaches that exist to measure WEE.
2 Huijsmans, R. (Ed.) 2016. Generationing development: a relational approach to children, youth and development. London, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. 335p. (Palgrave Studies on Children and Development) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55623-3]
Children ; Youth ; Child development ; Young workers ; Age groups ; Socioeconomic environment ; Economic development ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Gender ; Women ; Violence ; Discrimination ; Refugees ; Poverty ; Migration ; Migrants ; Labour ; Sex workers ; Agricultural sector ; Farmers ; Teachers ; Parents ; Livelihoods ; Education ; Schools ; Households ; Marriage ; Social aspects ; Rural communities ; Cash transfers ; Urban areas / Jordan / Canada / Vietnam / Ethiopia / Ghana / India / Ecuador / Burundi / Nova Scotia / Addis Ababa / Tamale / Tamil Nadu
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy SF Record No: H049581)
3 Varshney, D.; Kumar, A.; Mishra, A. K.; Rashid, S.; Joshi, P. K. 2021. India's COVID-19 social assistance package and its impact on the agriculture sector. Agricultural Systems, 189:103049. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2021.103049]
Agricultural sector ; COVID-19 ; Government ; Emergency relief ; Farmers ; Farm inputs ; Fertilizers ; Pesticides ; Households ; Income ; Cash transfers ; Socioeconomic environment ; Policies / India / Rajasthan / Madhya Pradesh / Uttar Pradesh
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050306)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308521X21000020/pdfft?md5=09cde0e3f01c365237b34935d74c2433&pid=1-s2.0-S0308521X21000020-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050306.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050306.pdf
(2.73 MB) (2.73 MB)
Context: CVOID-19 induced significant economic and social disruptions in India. Rural households, including smallholders, were affected by loss in migrant income, livelihood and farm and non-farm incomes. During this lockdown, the Indian government enacted several emergency legislations to provide direct and indirect relief to workers and households. India’s COVID-19 social assistance package, namely, PM-GKY, announced in March 2020, was designed to provide immediate relief to the vulnerable population. The PM-GKY provided cash direct benefit transfers (DBT) and in-kind supports (IKS) through existing schemes.
Objectives: This study examines the impact of India’s government assistance package (known as Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana or PM-GKY), announced immediately after the COVID-19 lockdown, on the procurement of agricultural inputs for the upcoming farming season.
Methods: The study uses a quasi-experimental method and survey data from 1,789 smallholder households in three northern Indian states (Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh).
Results: The result suggests that the fungibility of funds received under the government transfer package was significant in alleviating credit constraints and increasing agricultural investments in agricultural inputs. The farmers who received benefits from the PM-GKY scheme spent significantly more on the procurement of seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides.
Conclusions: The disbursement of cash transfers in the three states showed that emergency relief packages had reached the vulnerable sections of Indian society. Overall, 89-94% of households benefited from direct cash transfers. Perhaps lower transaction costs, minimal leakages, and immediate delivery make a strong case for direct cash transfers. The above advantages facilitate the provision of relief to a large proportion of vulnerable sections of Indian society in a short period.
Objectives: This study examines the impact of India’s government assistance package (known as Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana or PM-GKY), announced immediately after the COVID-19 lockdown, on the procurement of agricultural inputs for the upcoming farming season.
Methods: The study uses a quasi-experimental method and survey data from 1,789 smallholder households in three northern Indian states (Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh).
Results: The result suggests that the fungibility of funds received under the government transfer package was significant in alleviating credit constraints and increasing agricultural investments in agricultural inputs. The farmers who received benefits from the PM-GKY scheme spent significantly more on the procurement of seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides.
Conclusions: The disbursement of cash transfers in the three states showed that emergency relief packages had reached the vulnerable sections of Indian society. Overall, 89-94% of households benefited from direct cash transfers. Perhaps lower transaction costs, minimal leakages, and immediate delivery make a strong case for direct cash transfers. The above advantages facilitate the provision of relief to a large proportion of vulnerable sections of Indian society in a short period.
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