Your search found 4 records
1 Kutilek, M.; Nielsen, D. R. 1994. Soil hydrology. Cremlingen, Germany: Catena Verlag. 370p.
Soils ; Hydrology ; Soil classification ; Soil genesis ; Soil moisture ; Soil water ; Soil water content ; Soil water potential ; Soil water retention ; Soil porosity ; Gravimetric analysis ; Infiltration ; Evapotranspiration
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 631.45 G000 KUT Record No: H045089)
(0.46 MB)
2 Dasgupta, P.; Das, B. S.; Sen, S. K. 2015. Soil water potential and recoverable water stress in drought tolerant and susceptible rice varieties. Agricultural Water Management, 152:110-118. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2014.12.013]
Water stress ; Soil water potential ; Drought tolerance ; Lowland ; Rice ; Plant growth ; Plant developmental stages ; Soil water content ; Crop yield ; Physiological response ; Models / India / Kharagpur
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047497)
(0.73 MB)
We conducted a two-year field experiment to determine if water stress could be exploited to recover yield in one drought resistant (Vandana) and three susceptible (IR36, IR72 and Swarna) rice varieties. Stress was induced in active tillering, flowering and grain filling stages by suspending irrigation until the soil became sufficiently dry and plants began to show stress symptoms when irrigation was resumed, such that plants could recover from stress. We observed that terminal soil water potential (SWP) as low as -110 kPa in the active tillering stage was less detrimental to relative water content, proline content, and electrolyte leakage. A 27% rise in the level of stress led to ~8%, 44% and 21% increase in yield in IR36, Vandana and Swarna. The possible causes are 23%, 39% and 10% increase in the corresponding root biomass ofthe varieties, resulting in higher water uptake in the vegetative stage treatment plots. This was further supported by high correlations between yield and terminal SWP in this treatment. Critical limits of SWP may be identified to exploit the potential of rice varieties to sustain or improve yield under water stress. Results also suggest an opportunity to design a water saving strategy in lowland rice production.
3 Kumar, A.; Nayak, A. K.; Mohanty, S.; Das, B. S. 2016. Greenhouse gas emission from direct seeded paddy fields under different soil water potentials in eastern India. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 228:111-123. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.05.007]
Greenhouse gases ; Carbon dioxide ; Methane ; Nitrous oxide ; Emission reduction ; Direct sowing ; Paddy fields ; Climate change ; Water management ; Water productivity ; Irrigation scheduling ; Strategies ; Crop yield ; Soil properties ; Soil water potential ; Statistical methods / Eastern India / Cuttack
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047868)
(2.46 MB)
In the anticipated water scarcity and global warming scenario; it is imperative to identify suitable irrigation scheduling strategy in paddy fields for increasing water productivity and mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. We conducted a two year (dry season of 2014 and 2015) field experiment for irrigation scheduling based on tensiometric measurement of soil water potential (SWP)in order to quantify temporal and seasonal variations in GHGs emissions and their trade off relationship at five levels of SWPs viz. SWP 1 (-20 kPa), SWP 2 (-30 kPa), SWP 3 (-40 kPa), SWP 4 (-50 kPa) and SWP 5 (-60 kPa), in addition to the traditional practice of growing flooded rice (CF). Fluxes of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) during the growing period were measured using manual closed chamber-gas chromatograph and the carbon dioxide (CO2) flux was measured using an infrared CO2 analyzer. A significant decrease in seasonal cumulative CH4 emission (30–60.2%) was recorded at different SWPs as compared to CF. In contrast, emission of CO2 and N2O increased by 12.9–26.6% and 16.3–22.1% respectively at SWPs 1 and 2; conversely, a significant decrease in emissions of these gases were observed at higher SWPs (SWPs 3–5). Among different SWP treatments, irrigation scheduling at SWP 2 maintained yield at par with CF with water saving of 32.9–41.1% and reduced CH4 emission (43–44.1%). However, due to increase in CO2 and N2O emission at SWP 2, there was no significant reduction in global warming potential (GWP) as compared with CF. Among different rice growth stages GHGs emission were predominant during vegetative growth stage. Regression relationship of GHGs emission with key soil parameters was employed to predict seasonal emissions of GHGs from paddy field. The results of this study suggest that scheduling irrigation at SWP 2 can be an effective strategy in order to save water, maintain rice yield and mitigate CH4 emission from direct seeded paddy fields in eastern India, however further research is needed to identify suitable management strategy for reducing CO2 and N2O emissions at SWP 2 in order to reduce the GWP.
4 Jabro, J. D.; Stevens, W. B.; Iversen, W. M.; Allen, B. L.; Sainju, U. M. 2020. Irrigation scheduling based on wireless sensors output and soil-water characteristic curve in two soils. Sensors, 20(5):1336. (Special issue: Soil Moisture Sensors for Irrigation Management) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/s20051336]
Irrigation Scheduling ; Soil water characteristics ; Soil water content ; Soil water potential ; Wilting point ; Water availability ; Sandy loam soils ; Clay loam soils ; Monitoring ; Rain ; Sensors / USA / North Dakota / Montana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049690)
(1.53 MB) (1.53 MB)
Data-driven irrigation planning can optimize crop yield and reduce adverse impacts on surface and ground water quality. We evaluated an irrigation scheduling strategy based on soil matric potentials recorded by wireless Watermark (WM) sensors installed in sandy loam and clay loam soils and soil-water characteristic curve data. Five wireless WM nodes (IRROmesh) were installed at each location, where each node consisted of three WM sensors that were installed at 15, 30, and 60 cm depths in the crop rows. Soil moisture contents, at field capacity and permanent wilting points, were determined from soil-water characteristic curves and were approximately 23% and 11% for a sandy loam, and 35% and 17% for a clay loam, respectively. The field capacity level which occurs shortly after an irrigation event was considered the upper point of soil moisture content, and the lower point was the maximum soil water depletion level at 50% of plant available water capacity in the root zone, depending on crop type, root depth, growth stage and soil type. The lower thresholds of soil moisture content to trigger an irrigation event were 17% and 26% in the sandy loam and clay loam soils, respectively. The corresponding soil water potential readings from the WM sensors to initiate irrigation events were approximately 60 kPa and 105 kPa for sandy loam, and clay loam soils, respectively. Watermark sensors can be successfully used for irrigation scheduling by simply setting two levels of moisture content using soil-water characteristic curve data. Further, the wireless system can help farmers and irrigators monitor real-time moisture content in the soil root zone of their crops and determine irrigation scheduling remotely without time consuming, manual data logging and frequent visits to the field
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