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1 Kjellen, M.; White, M.; Matthews, J.; Mauroner, A.; Timboe, I.; Burchi, S.; Dhot, N.; van Waeyenberge, T.; El Fenni, Y. R.; Lohani, A.; Newton, J.; Imamura, Y.; Miyamoto, M.; Moors, E.; de Oliveira, V. G.; Schmeier, S.; Crespo, C. C.; Gutierrez, M. T.; Welling, R.; Suhardiman, Diana; Hada, R.; Saji, M.; Jimenez, A.; Lymer, B. L.; Saikia, P.; Mathews, R.; Bernardini, F.; Koeppel, S.; Aureli, A.; Resende, T. C.; Avellan, T.; Hahn, A.; Kirschke, S. J.; Perera, D.; Loeffen, A.; Turner, R.; Pories, L.; Aldaco-Manner, L.; Daher, B.; Willemart, S.; Schillinger, J. 2020. Water governance for resilience to climate change. In UNESCO World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP); UN-Water. The United Nations World Water Development Report 2020: water and climate change. Paris, France: UNESCO. pp.150-159.

Water governance ; Climate change adaptation ; Climate change mitigation ; Resilience ; Integrated management ; Water resources ; Water management ; Water policy ; Disaster risk reduction ; Political aspects ; Institutions ; Legal aspects ; Public participation ; Decision making ; Monitoring ; Uncertainty ; Poverty

(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049605)

https://unesdoc.unesco.org/in/documentViewer.xhtml?v=2.1.196&id=p::usmarcdef_0000372985&file=/in/rest/annotationSVC/DownloadWatermarkedAttachment/attach_import_c5b09e0b-0c7e-42ef-aeb1-b1bae7544e4c%3F_%3D372985eng.pdf&locale=en&multi=true&ark=/ark:/48223/pf0000372985/PDF/372985eng.pdf#page=163
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049605.pdf

(1.77 MB) (37.7 MB)

This chapter outlines legal, institutional and political means to support climate change adaptation and mitigation, to enhance resilience, and to reduce vulnerability through more inclusive water management, especially at the country level.

2 Kirschke, S.; Avellan, T.; Barlund, I.; Bogardi, J. J.; Carvalho, L.; Chapman, D.; Dickens, Chris W. S.; Irvine, K.; Lee, S.; Mehner, T.; Warner, S. 2020. Capacity challenges in water quality monitoring: understanding the role of human development. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 192(5):298. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-020-8224-3]

Water quality ; Monitoring ; Capacity building ; Human resources ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation ; Indicators ; Decision making ; Strategies ; Technology ; Financing ; Environmental effects ; Surveys

(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049662)

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10661-020-8224-3.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049662.pdf

(0.81 MB) (828 KB)

Monitoring the qualitative status of freshwaters is an important goal of the international community, as stated in the Sustainable Development Goal (SDGs) indicator 6.3.2 on good ambient water quality. Monitoring data are, however, lacking in many countries, allegedly because of capacity challenges of less-developed countries. So far, however, the relationship between human development and capacity challenges for water quality monitoring have not been analysed systematically. This hinders the implementation of fine-tuned capacity development programmes for water quality monitoring. Against this background, this study takes a global perspective in analysing the link between human development and the capacity challenges countries face in their national water quality monitoring programmes. The analysis is based on the latest data on the human development index and an international online survey amongst experts from science and practice. Results provide evidence of a negative relationship between human development and the capacity challenges to meet SDG 6.3.2 monitoring requirements. This negative relationship increases along the course of the monitoring process, from defining the enabling environment, choosing parameters for the collection of field data, to the analytics and analysis of five commonly used parameters (DO, EC, pH, TP and TN). Our assessment can be used to help practitioners improve technical capacity development activities and to identify and target investment in capacity development for monitoring.

3 Connor, R.; Timmerman, J.; Uhlenbrook, S.; Koncagul, E.; Payne, J.; Cudennec, C.; de Strasser, L.; Avellan, T.. 2020. Water–climate–energy– food–environment nexus. In UNESCO World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP); UN-Water. The United Nations World Water Development Report 2020: water and climate change. Paris, France: UNESCO. pp.118-125.

Water supply ; Water use ; Climate change ; Energy ; Food security ; Environmental effects ; Nexus ; Wastewater treatment ; Greenhouse gas emissions ; Biofuels ; Agriculture ; Land use ; Ecosystems ; Sustainable Development Goals

(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049609)

(2.04 MB) (37.7 MB)

Building on the information and analyses provided in Chapters 3 through 8, this chapter expands on the interlinkages between the main water use sectors, describing how decisions made by one can have significant repercussions on the others. It highlights the need for a consolidated approach to addressing climate change through water in order to maximize co-benefits and address trade-offs.

4 Karimidastenaei, Z.; Avellan, T.; Sadegh, M.; Klove, B.; Haghighi, A. T. 2022. Unconventional water resources: global opportunities and challenges. Science of the Total Environment, 827:154429. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154429]

Water resources ; Water scarcity ; Water security ; Water supply ; Water demand ; Semiarid zones ; Wastewater treatment ; Drainage water ; Rainwater harvesting ; Virtual water ; Sustainability ; Socioeconomic environment

(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051007)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969722015224/pdfft?md5=13c5cc5bcf583187bca4dcb36fab278f&pid=1-s2.0-S0048969722015224-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051007.pdf

(2.55 MB) (2.55 MB)

Water is of central importance for reaching the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations. With predictions of dire global water scarcity, attention is turning to resources that are considered to be unconventional, and hence called Unconventional Water Resources (UWRs). These are considered as supplementary water resources that need specialized processes to be used as water supply. The literature encompasses a vast number of studies on various UWRs and their usefulness in certain environmental and/or socio-economic contexts. However, a recent, all-encompassing article that brings the collective knowledge on UWRs together is missing. Considering the increasing importance of UWRs in the global push for water security, the current study intends to offer a nuanced understanding of the existing research on UWRs by summarizing the key concepts in the literature. The number of articles published on UWRs have increased significantly over time, particularly in the past ten years. And while most publications were authored from researchers based in the USA or China, other countries such as India, Iran, Australia, and Spain have also featured prominently. Here, twelve general types of UWRs were used to assess their global distribution, showing that climatic conditions are the main driver for the application of certain UWRs. For example, the use of iceberg water obviously necessitates access to icebergs, which are taken largely from arctic regions. Overall, the literature review demonstrated that, even though UWRs provide promising possibilities for overcoming water scarcity, current knowledge is patchy and points towards UWRs being, for the most part, limited in scope and applicability due to geographic, climatic, economic, and political constraints. Future studies focusing on improved documentation and demonstration of the quantitative and socio-economic potential of various UWRs could help in strengthening the case for some, if not all, UWRs as avenues for the sustainable provision of water.

5 Dahal, B.; Avellan, T.; Haghighi, A. T.; Klove, B. 2023. Defining sustainability in agricultural water management using a delphi survey technique. Water Policy, 25(6):597-621. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2023.057]

Agricultural water management ; Sustainability ; Techniques ; Water resources ; Stakeholders ; Climate change ; Water quality ; Participation ; Water policies ; Climatic zones ; Case studies

(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051999)

https://iwaponline.com/wp/article-pdf/25/6/597/1247184/025060597.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051999.pdf

(0.91 MB) (936 KB)

Sustainable water management measures are being developed to address the challenges posed by agriculture runoff and leaching on water resources. These measures are based on experts' opinions from various sectors and disciplines, ensuring that all stakeholders' perspectives are considered. For this, establishing a common understanding of 'sustainability' is essential to avoid misunderstandings, conflicts, and operational challenges. In this research, the Delphi survey technique was utilized to develop a definition of ‘sustainability’ in agricultural water management (SAWM) by considering the interdisciplinary group of experts from different parts of the world and those involved in a Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Action. Twenty-six experts' perspectives on environmental, economic, and social dimensions of sustainability were assessed, and identified key concepts included climate change, water quality, water availability, stakeholder participation, capacity building, subsidies, and incentives. These concepts were used to define sustainability for multi/interdisciplinary project settings. The definition was validated with consortium members of the project in the regular consortium-wide meetings and used in the respective deliverables dealing with sustainability. The results serve as a foundation for communication between the involved actors and the project's definition of 'sustainability.' One recommendation from this work for broader policy formulation for SAWM in Europe is to prioritize farmer needs and focus on environmental sustainability.