Your search found 4 records
1 Balasubramanya, Soumya. 2019. Effects of training duration and the role of gender on farm participation in water user associations in southern Tajikistan: implications for irrigation management. Agricultural Water Management, 216:1-11. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2019.01.019]
Irrigation management ; Farmer participation ; Gender ; Women's participation ; Male involvement ; Capacity building ; Training ; Water user associations ; Community involvement ; Community management ; Participatory management ; Agricultural practices / Southern Tajikista
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049082)
(794 KB)
This paper examines whether longer training increases farm participation in community-managed water user associations, in a context where assignment to training duration was not randomized and none of these institutions existed before training began. We also examine whether participation is affected when farm managers migrate and leave farm operations to other workers, in a context where only managers have been directly trained, almost all managers are male, and females are increasingly operating farms. We collected microdata from 1855 farms in Southern Tajikistan, where farm managers in 40 subdistricts received longer training, while those in the other 40 received shorter training. These ‘treatment’ and ‘control’ subdistricts were selected by constructing propensity scores and matching without replacement to address observable selection effects that may affect assignment to training duration. Farms were then selected from a census using a stratified random sampling process. A difference-in-difference technique with right-hand-side covariates is employed, where both sets of data were collected after training was completed. This choice of econometric methods controls against farm-level selection effects, but introduces a potential bias due to measurement error. Longer training has a causal effect on increasing participation in WUAs. Results also demonstrate that when male workers not directly trained operate farms, participation is not affected; however, participation is negatively affected when female workers operate farms. These results provide evidence for designing irrigation management programs to target female workers directly, in order to strengthen institutions whose success depends on active farm participation.
2 Adzawla, W.; Kane, A. 2018. Gender perspectives of the determinants of climate adaptation: the case of livelihood diversification in northern Ghana. Review of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 21(2):113-127. [doi: https://doi.org/10.15414/raae.2018.21.02.113-127]
Climate change adaptation ; Gender ; Living standards ; Diversification ; Women's participation ; Male involvement ; Farmer participation ; Decision making ; Strategies ; Crop production ; Maize ; Livestock ; Trading ; Household income ; Socioeconomic environment ; Probit analysis ; Models ; Forecasting / Ghana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049248)
(1.05 MB)
Livelihood diversification is one of the essential climate adaptation strategies with positive outcomes on household’s standard of living. Therefore, the identification of factors that are necessary for livelihood diversification are crucial. Within a gender perspective, this study analysed the determinants of livelihood diversification among farmers in the northern regions of Ghana. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 619 farmers and the data was analysed using multivariate probit regression for the pooled and separately for the gender groups. The livelihood diversification strategies identified were crop diversification, crop-livestock diversification, crop-trade diversification, crop-agro-processing diversification and crop-professional/skilled employment. The multivariate probit results showed that socioeconomic, institutional factors, climate factors, and household assets have significant influence on each diversification strategy. The assumption of gender difference in the factors that influences livelihood diversification is appropriate since some factors which influence specific livelihood diversification for females do not have significant effect on males. Improving the financial assets, social and human assets of farmers is important to enhance the diversification of farmers. There is also the need to improve awareness of farmers on climate shocks in order to enhance diversification decisions.
3 Williams, F. E.; Taron, Avinandan. 2020. Demand-led extension: a gender analysis of attendance and key crops. Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension, 26(4):383-400. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/1389224X.2020.1726778]
Agricultural extension systems ; Gender analysis ; Extension approaches ; Women's participation ; Farmer participation ; Women farmers ; Male involvement ; Cropping patterns / South Asia / South East Asia / Africa South of Sahara / India / Bangladesh / Nepal / Sri Lanka / Myanmar / Vietnam / Cambodia / Thailand / Kenya / Ghana / Malawi / Rwanda / Zambia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049538)
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1389224X.2020.1726778?needAccess=true#aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGFuZGZvbmxpbmUuY29tL2RvaS9wZGYvMTAuMTA4MC8xMzg5MjI0WC4yMDIwLjE3MjY3Nzg/bmVlZEFjY2Vzcz10cnVlQEBAMA==
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049538.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049538.pdf
(2.67 MB) (2.67 MB)
Purpose: The need to increase women’s access to extension has been extensively discussed. This paper assesses women’s access to extension services through the Plantwise extension approach as a baseline for future comparison of women’s access through other extension approaches. It also assesses whether crops that men and women farmers seek plant health advice on are similar or not, and attempts to disperse assumptions that continue to be made about what crops women and men grow.
Approach: We analysed data from the Plantwise Online Management System for 13 countries using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Findings: We show that the Plantwise extension approach enables higher levels of women’s access than generally reported for agricultural extension, that the crops that women and men seek extension advice on is not gender dependent, and there are few clear distinctions between their crops of interest.
Practical implications: There is limited literature studying gender inclusiveness in different extension approaches. The findings add to the documentation of assessing women’s access to demand-driven extension.
Theoretical implications: Plantwise is a new extension approach which needs to be assessed from spatial and temporal perspectives to understand whether demand-driven extension enables increased women’s access over time.
Originality/value: Extension service provision is often based on assumptions about what crops are being grown. Small studies have challenged these assumptions, but this large dataset enables us to test these assumptions more thoroughly across 13 countries adding to the weight of evidence against the existence of women’s and men’s crops.
Approach: We analysed data from the Plantwise Online Management System for 13 countries using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Findings: We show that the Plantwise extension approach enables higher levels of women’s access than generally reported for agricultural extension, that the crops that women and men seek extension advice on is not gender dependent, and there are few clear distinctions between their crops of interest.
Practical implications: There is limited literature studying gender inclusiveness in different extension approaches. The findings add to the documentation of assessing women’s access to demand-driven extension.
Theoretical implications: Plantwise is a new extension approach which needs to be assessed from spatial and temporal perspectives to understand whether demand-driven extension enables increased women’s access over time.
Originality/value: Extension service provision is often based on assumptions about what crops are being grown. Small studies have challenged these assumptions, but this large dataset enables us to test these assumptions more thoroughly across 13 countries adding to the weight of evidence against the existence of women’s and men’s crops.
4 Goli, I.; Najafabadi, M. O.; Lashgarara, F. 2020. Where are we standing and where should we be going?: gender and climate change adaptation behavior. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 33(2):187-218. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10806-020-09822-3]
Climate change adaptation ; Gender analysis ; Behavior ; Women's participation ; Women farmers ; Agricultural production ; Rice ; Male involvement ; Social aspects ; Ethics ; Decision making ; Environmental effects ; Policies ; Models / Iran Islamic Republic / Mazandaran
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049580)
(1.36 MB)
Climate change poses as one of the greatest ethical challenges of the contemporary era and which is rapidly affecting all sectors and ecosystems, including natural ecosystems and human and social environments. The impacts on human societies, and societies’ ability to mitigate and adapt to these changes and to adhere to ethical principles are influenced by various factors, including gender. Therefore, this study aimed to design a model of climate change adaptation behavior among rice farmers in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran, based on gender analysis (IUCN, UNDP and GGCA in Training manual on gender and climate change, 2009) and using the developed model of protection motivation theory (Bockarjova and Steg in Glob Environ Change 28:276–288, 2014). For this purpose, 173 female and 233 male rice farmers in Mazandaran Province were selected through stratified random sampling. The results showed that threat and coping appraisal had positive and significant effects on climate change adaptation behavior in both groups. Additionally, men’s and women’s perceived severity had the greatest impact on threat appraisal, and response costs had the greatest impact on their coping appraisal of climate change. Given that climate change adaptation behavior has been largely dependent on the development of ethical principles and the behavior of men and women toward climate change and based on the research findings, some suggestions are recommended at the mega (international), macro (governmental and legislative), meso (related organizations) and micro (rice farmers) levels for male and female rice farmers to adapt to the climate change phenomenon.
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