Your search found 16 records
1 McLaughlin, M. J.; Singh, B. R. (Eds.) 1999. Cadmium in soils and plants. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers. xvi, 271p. :ill. ;25 cm. (Developments in plant and soil sciences ;v. 85)
(Location: IWMI-SEA Call no: 577.275662 G000 MCL Record No: BKK-50)
Kevin G. Tiller Memorial Symposium "Cadmium in Soils, Plants, and the Food Chain"(1997 :University of California, Berkeley) International Conference on the Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements (4th :1997 :University of California, Berkeley)
2 van Reuler, H.; Prins, W.H. 1993. The role of plant nutrients for sustainable food crop production in Sub-Saharan Africa. Wagenungen, The Netherlands: Ponsen & Looijen. 232p: ill; 24cm.
(Location: IWMI-SEA Call no: 333.953 G100 REU Record No: BKK-299)
3 Sri Lanka. Department of Agriculture. Socio Economics and Planning Centre. 2004. Cost of cultivation of agricultural crops, 2003 Yala. Peradeniya, Sri Lanka: Department of Agriculture. 46p.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: P 8032 Record No: H043784)
(0.41 MB)
4 Sri Lanka. Department of Agriculture. Socio Economics and Planning Centre. 2003. Cost of cultivation of agricultural crops, 2002/2003 Maha. Peradeniya, Sri Lanka: Department of Agriculture. 46p.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: P 8033 Record No: H043785)
(0.31 MB)
5 Sri Lanka. Department of Agriculture. Socio Economics and Planning Centre. 2008. Cost of cultivation of agricultural crops, 2006/07 Maha. Peradeniya, Sri Lanka: Department of Agriculture. 77p.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: P 8034 Record No: H043786)
(0.42 MB)
6 Kizito, Fred; Dragila, M. I.; Sene, M.; Brooks, J. R.; Meinzer, F. C.; Diedhiou, I.; Diouf, M.; Lufafa, A.; Dick, R. P.; Selker, J.; Cuenca, R. 2012. Hydraulic redistribution by two semi-arid shrub species: implications for Sahelian agro-ecosystems. Journal of Arid Environments, 83:69-77. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2012.03.010]
Agroecosystems ; Soil water content ; Soil moisture ; Food crops ; Microclimate / West Africa / Senegal / Peanut Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044987)
(0.72 MB)
Hydraulic redistribution is the process of passive water movement from deeper moist soil to shallower dry soil layers using plant roots as conduits. Results from this study indicate that this phenomenon exists among two shrub species (Guiera senegalensis and Piliostigma reticulatum) that co-exist with annual food crops in Sahelian agro-ecosystems. Real-time measurements were conducted for soil water content, soil water potential and microclimate variables notably; air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, precipitation and solar irradiance. Additionally, sap flow measurements were conducted in shrub roots using the thermal dissipation technique on intact and coppiced shrubs. Monthly predawn leaf water potential was measured using a portable pressure chamber. Soil water potential (Js) at the 20 cm depth declined significantly during the dry season with diel changes in Js of 0.6 to 1.1 MPa. These variations were attributed to passive water release from shrub roots resulting in overnight rewetting of drier upper soil layers. Sap flow measurements on tap and lateral shrub roots indicated daily reversals in the direction of flow. During the peak of the dry season, both positive (toward shrub) and negative (toward soil) flows were observed in lateral shrub roots with sap flow in the lateral roots frequently negative at night and rapidly becoming positive soon after sunrise. The negative sap flow at night in superficial lateral roots and the periodic positive flow in the descending tap roots were indicative of hydraulic redistribution. Hydraulic redistribution may be an important mechanism for drought stress avoidance while maintaining plant physiological functions in both shrubs and neighboring annuals in water-limited environments.
7 Wickramasinghe, W. 2013. Change in other field crop cultivation in the North western province. Colombo, Sri Lanka: Hector Kobbekaduwa Agrarian Research and Training Institute (HARTI). 47p. (HARTI Research Report 160)
Field crops ; Cultivation ; Farming systems ; Food crops ; Crop production ; Cereals ; Vegetables ; Diversification ; Economic aspects ; Farmers ; Case studies / Sri Lanka / North Western Province / Kurunegala / Puttalam
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 633 G744 WIC Record No: H046594)
(0.30 MB)
8 Rajapaksha, R. M. C. P. 2014. Soil biodiversity: microorganisms in soils of Sri Lanka. Bttaramulla, Sri Lanka: Biodiversity Secretraiat. Ministry of Environment & Renewable Energy. 70p.
Biodiversity conservation ; Biotechnology ; Soil microorganisms ; Soil properties ; Soil genesis ; Prokaryotae ; Fungi ; Algae ; Microbial flora ; Organic compounds ; Pollutants ; Biological control ; Plant pathologists ; Habitats ; Forest ecosystems ; Wetlands ; Biosensors ; Food crops / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.9516 G744 BIO Record No: H047221)
9 Walker, T. S.; Alwang, J. (Eds.) 2015. Crop improvement, adoption, and impact of improved varieties in food crops in Sub-Saharan Africa. Montpellier, France: CGIAR; Wallingford, UK: CABI. 450p.
Crop improvement ; Food crops ; Adoption ; Improved varieties ; Genetic improvement ; Performance evaluation ; Diffusion ; Agricultural research ; Research programmes ; Investment ; Technological changes ; Monitoring ; Impact assessment ; Rural poverty ; Food security ; Cassava ; Cowpeas ; Soybeans ; Yams ; Maize ; Rice ; Wheat ; Groundnuts ; Pearl millet ; Pigeon peas ; Sorghum ; Potatoes ; Sweet potatoes ; Barley ; Chickpeas ; Faba beans ; Lentils / Africa South of Sahara / West Africa / Central Africa / Southern Africa / East Africa / South Asia / Ethiopia / Eritrea / Sudan / Uganda / Rwanda / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 338.10967 G110 WAL Record No: H047766)
(6.30 MB) (6.30 MB)
10 Gafy, I. E.; Grigg, N.; Reagan, W. 2017. Dynamic behaviour of the water–food–energy nexus: focus on crop production and consumption. Irrigation and Drainage, 66(1):19-33. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.2060]
Water footprint ; Water use ; Virtual water ; Crop production ; Food consumption ; Energy consumption ; Irrigation efficiency ; Pumping ; Models ; Food crops ; Agricultural trade ; Import ; Exports ; Population ; Case studies / Egypt
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048015)
(1.11 MB)
Water, energy, and food are interrelated and critical resources for human well-being and environmental goals. Single-sector national strategies that focus on individual sectors of the nexus without considering their interconnections may lead to acute unanticipated consequences. In the present study, the system dynamic model platform was used to create a new approach to analysis of dynamic behaviour, focusing on joint water–energy–food interactions stemming from crop production and consumption at the national level under different scenarios and alternatives. The developed system determines: (i) water and energy footprints of crop production and consumption; (ii) virtual water and energy import and export; (iii) the national water and energy saving balance due to trade of agricultural commodities; and (iv) a water–food–energy nexus index. A case study from Egypt was used to test the system and illustrate some of its significance. The research illustrates the importance of considering the water–food–energy nexus when developing national strategies.
11 de Bont, C.; Komakech, H. C.; Veldwisch, G. J. 2019. Neither modern nor traditional: farmer-led irrigation development in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania. World Development, 116:15-27. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.11.018]
Farmer managed irrigation systems ; Groundwater irrigation ; Initiatives ; Traditional methods ; Modernization ; Irrigated farming ; Wells ; Food crops ; Cash crops ; Markets ; Agrarian structure ; Smallholders ; Land access ; State intervention / Africa South of Sahara / United Republic of Tanzania / Kilimanjaro / Kahe
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049169)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305750X18304248/pdfft?md5=b48636491a19a986bdbfb32de90fda20&pid=1-s2.0-S0305750X18304248-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049169.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049169.pdf
(0.91 MB) (932 KB)
The debate around what kind of irrigation, large- or small-scale, modern or traditional, best contributes to food security and rural development continues to shape irrigation policies and development in the Global South. In Tanzania, the irrigation categories of ‘modern’ and ‘traditional’ are dominating irrigation policies and are shaping interventions. In this paper, we explore what these concepts really entail in the Tanzanian context and how they relate to a case of farmer-led groundwater irrigation development in Kahe ward, Kilimanjaro Region. For our analysis, we rely on three months of qualitative fieldwork in 2016, a household questionnaire, secondary data such as policy documents and the results of a mapping exercise in 2014–2015. In the early 2000s, smallholders in Kahe started developing groundwater. This has led to a new, differentiated landscape in which different forms of agricultural production co-exist. The same set of groundwater irrigation technologies has facilitated the emergence of different classes of farmers, ranging from those engaging with subsistence farming to those doing capitalist farming. The level of inputs and integration with markets vary, as does crop choice. As such, some farms emulate the ‘modern’ ideal of commercial farming promoted by the government, while others do not, or to a lesser extent. We also find that national policy discourses on irrigation are not necessarily repeated at the local level, where interventions are strongly driven by prioritization based on conflict and funding. We conclude that the policy concepts of traditional and modern irrigation do not do justice to the complexity of actual irrigation development in the Kahe case, and obfuscate its contribution to rural development and food security. We argue that a single irrigation technology does not lead to a single agricultural mode of production, and that irrigation policies and interventions should take into account the differentiation among irrigators.
12 Mudau, F. N.; Chimonyo, V. G. P.; Modi, A. T.; Mabhaudhi, Tafadzwanashe. 2022. Neglected and underutilised crops: a systematic review of their potential as food and herbal medicinal crops in South Africa. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 12:809866. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.809866]
Medicinal plants ; Food crops ; Underutilized species ; Food security ; Nutrition security ; Nutraceuticals ; Pharmaceuticals ; Sustainability ; Diets ; Food supplements ; Capacity development / South Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050904)
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.809866/pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050904.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050904.pdf
(1.93 MB) (1.93 MB)
The African continent harbours many native species with nutraceutical and pharmaceutical potential. This study reviewed underutilised crops in South Africa to determine their potential as food and herbal medicinal crops. Over 5,000 species have been identified and earmarked for their medical attributes in formal and informal setups. Researchers, plant breeders and policymakers have mostly ignored the development potential of these crops. Consequently, their value chains are poorly developed. In South Africa, there is a wide range of neglected and underutilised crops, which were historically popular and used by communities; however, over the years, they have lost their status within farming systems and been relegated to the status of neglected and underutilised. Recently, driven by the need to transition to more sustainable and resilient food systems, there has been renewed interest in their potential as food and herbal medicinal crops to establish new value chains that include vulnerable groups. They are now gaining global attention, and their conservation and sustainable utilisation are now being prioritized. The review confirmed that several of these crops possess nutraceutical and pharmaceutical properties, highlighting their potential for development as food and herbal medicines. However, current production levels are too low to meet the requirements for industrial development; research and development should focus on all aspects of their value chain, from crop improvement to utilisation. A transdisciplinary approach involving a wide range of actors is needed to develop the identified neglected and underutilised crops’ potential as food and herbal medicinal crops and support the development of new and inclusive value chains.
13 Leakey, R. R. B.; Tientcheu Avana, M.-L.; Awazi, N. P.; Assogbadjo, A. E.; Mabhaudhi, Tafadzwanashe; Hendre, P. S.; Degrande, A.; Hlahla, S.; Manda, L. 2022. The future of food: domestication and commercialization of indigenous food crops in Africa over the third decade (2012–2021). Sustainability, 14(4):2355. (Special issue: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Mainstreaming Underutilized Crops) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14042355]
Food crops ; Indigenous organisms ; Domestication ; Commercialization ; Agroforestry ; Tree crops ; Genetic improvement ; Medicinal properties ; Ethnobotany ; Nutritional value ; Nonwood forest products ; Vegetative propagation ; Trade ; Marketing ; Cultivation ; Natural resources management ; Food security ; Livelihoods ; Policies ; Poverty alleviation ; Rural development ; Drylands ; Lowland ; Highlands / North Africa / West Africa / East Africa / Southern Africa / Central Africa / Sahel
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050971)
(1.62 MB) (1.62 MB)
This paper follows the transition from ethnobotany to a deeper scientific understanding of the food and medicinal properties of African agroforestry tree products as inputs into the start of domestication activities. It progresses on to the integration of these indigenous trees as new crops within diversified farming systems for multiple social, economic and environmental benefits. From its advent in the 1990s, the domestication of indigenous food and non-food tree species has become a global programme with a strong African focus. This review of progress in the third decade is restricted to progress in Africa, where multi-disciplinary research on over 59 species has been reported in 759 research papers in 318 science publications by scientists from over 833 research teams in 70 countries around the world (532 in Africa). The review spans 23 research topics presenting the recent research literature for tree species of high priority across the continent, as well as that in each of the four main ecological regions: the humid zone of West and Central Africa; the Sahel and North Africa; the East African highlands and drylands; and the woody savannas of Southern Africa. The main areas of growth have been the nutritional/medicinal value of non-timber forest products; the evaluation of the state of natural resources and their importance to local people; and the characterization of useful traits. However, the testing of putative cultivars; the implementation of participatory principles; the protection of traditional knowledge and intellectual property rights; and the selection of elite trees and ideotypes remain under-researched. To the probable detriment of the upscaling and impact in tropical agriculture, there has been, at the international level, a move away from decentralized, community-based tree domestication towards a laboratory-based, centralized approach. However, the rapid uptake of research by university departments and national agricultural research centres in Africa indicates a recognition of the importance of the indigenous crops for both the livelihoods of rural communities and the revitalization and enhanced outputs from agriculture in Africa, especially in West Africa. Thus, on a continental scale, there has been an uptake of research with policy relevance for the integration of indigenous trees in agroecosystems and their importance for the attainment of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. To progress this in the fourth decade, there will need to be a dedicated Centre in Africa to test and develop cultivars of indigenous crops. Finally, this review underpins a holistic approach to mitigating climate change, as well as other big global issues such as hunger, poverty and loss of wildlife habitat by reaping the benefits, or ‘profits’, from investment in the five forms of Capital, described as ‘land maxing’. However, policy and decision makers are not yet recognizing the potential for holistic and transformational adoption of these new indigenous food crop opportunities for African agriculture. Is ‘political will’ the missing sixth capital for sustainable development?
14 Ly, R.; Matchaya, Greenwell; Fakudze, Bhekiwe; Dia, K. 2023. Predicting food crop production in times of crisis: the case of wheat in Mozambique. Kigali, Rwanda: AKADEMIYA2063. 10p. (AKADEMIYA2063 Ukraine Crisis Brief Series 17)
Food crops ; Crop production ; Forecasting ; Wheat ; Normalized difference vegetation index ; Surface temperature / Mozambique
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051763)
https://akademiya2063.org/publications/Ukraine%20Crisis%20and%20African%20Countries/Brief-17-AKADEMIYA2063%20Ukraine%20Crisis%20Brief%20Series.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051763.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051763.pdf
(0.51 MB) (517 KB)
15 Ly, R.; Matchaya, Greenwell; Pele, Winnie Kasoma; Dia, K. 2023. Predicting food crop production in times of crisis: the case of wheat in Zambia. Kigali, Rwanda: AKADEMIYA2063. 9p. (AKADEMIYA2063 Ukraine Crisis Brief Series 20)
Food crops ; Crop production ; Forecasting ; Wheat ; Rain ; Surface temperature ; Normalized difference vegetation index / Zambia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051764)
https://akademiya2063.org/publications/Ukraine%20Crisis%20and%20African%20Countries/Brief-20-AKADEMIYA2063%20Ukraine%20Crisis%20Brief%20Series.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051764.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051764.pdf
(0.91 MB) (930 KB)
16 Neik, T. X.; Siddique, K. H. M.; Mayes, S.; Edwards, D.; Batley, J.; Mabhaudhi, Tafadzwanashe; Song, B. K.; Massawe, F. 2023. Diversifying agrifood systems to ensure global food security following the Russia–Ukraine crisis. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 7:1124640. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1124640]
Food security ; Agrifood systems ; Diversification ; Sustainable intensification ; Food crops ; Food production ; Food supply chains ; Resilience ; Food prices ; Markets ; Exports ; Technology ; Conflicts / Russia / Ukraine
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051821)
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1124640/pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051821.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051821.pdf
(1.69 MB) (1.69 MB)
The recent Russia–Ukraine conflict has raised significant concerns about global food security, leaving many countries with restricted access to imported staple food crops, particularly wheat and sunflower oil, sending food prices soaring with other adverse consequences in the food supply chain. This detrimental effect is particularly prominent for low-income countries relying on grain imports, with record-high food prices and inflation affecting their livelihoods. This review discusses the role of Russia and Ukraine in the global food system and the impact of the Russia–Ukraine conflict on food security. It also highlights how diversifying four areas of agrifood systems—markets, production, crops, and technology can contribute to achieving food supply chain resilience for future food security and sustainability.
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