Your search found 4 records
1 Anyang GEMCO Energy Machinery. 2012. A guide to large-scale biomass pellet production. Anyang, Henan, China: Anyang GEMCO Energy Machinery. 66p.
Biomass production ; Pelleting ; Renewable energy ; Energy generation ; Raw materials ; Wood ; Policy ; Standards ; Plant maintenance ; Cooling ; Storage
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy SF Record No: H047075)
2 Asamoah, Bernice; Nikiema, Josiane; Gebrezgabher, Solomie; Odonkor, Elsie; Njenga, M. 2016. A review on production, marketing and use of fuel briquettes. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 51p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 07) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2017.200]
Fuel consumption ; Charcoal ; Briquettes ; Fuelwood ; Urban wastes ; Solid wastes ; Waste management ; Industrial wastes ; Organic wastes ; Recycling ; Faecal sludge ; Sewage sludge ; Renewable energy ; Domestic consumption ; Households ; Cooking ; Energy resources ; Energy generation ; Feedstocks ; Communities ; Biomass ; Environmental impact ; Agricultural sector ; Residues ; Pollution ; Emission ; Developing countries ; Gender ; Women ; Men ; Youth ; Chemicophysical properties ; Carbon ; Raw materials ; Supply chain ; Enterprises ; Marketing ; Retail marketing ; Production costs ; Small scale systems ; Public health ; Economic aspects / East Africa / Ghana / Kenya / Africa South of Sahara
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047991)
(2 MB)
Where modern heating and cooking fuels for domestic, institutional, commercial and industrial use are not readily available, briquettes made from biomass residues could contribute to the sustainable supply of energy. This study reviews the briquette making process, looking at the entire value chain starting from the type and characteristics of feedstock used for briquette making to the potential market for briquettes in developing countries. It also analyzes the role that gender plays in briquette production. Depending on the raw materials used and technologies applied during production, fuel briquettes come in different qualities and dimensions, and thus require appropriate targeting of different market segments. Key drivers of success in briquette production and marketing include ensuring consistent supply of raw materials with good energy qualities, appropriate technologies, and consistency in the quality and supply of the briquettes. Creating strong partnerships with key stakeholders, such as the municipality, financiers and other actors within the briquette value chain, and enabling policy are important drivers for the success of briquette businesses.
3 Okello, G.; Tumwesige, V.; Angura, R.; Nasige, D.; Kyomugisha, D.; Njenga, M. 2018. The impact of gendered roles in the briquette production and supply chain: lessons learned from Green Heat Ltd, Uganda. In Njenga, M.; Mendum, R. (Eds.). Recovering bioenergy in Sub-Saharan Africa: gender dimensions, lessons and challenges. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). pp.17-22. (Resource Recovery and Reuse: Special Issue)
Gender ; Role of women ; Supply chain ; Briquettes ; Raw materials ; Health hazards ; Enterprises ; Household consumption ; Income / Uganda
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049004)
(406 KB)
4 Nativio, A.; Jovanovic, O.; Kapelan, Z.; van der Hoek, J. P. 2024. Human health risk assessment framework for new water resource recovery-based bio-composite materials. Journal of Water and Health, 22(4):652-672. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2024.168]
Water resources ; Risk assessment ; Human health ; Resource recovery ; Biocomposites ; Composite materials ; Wastewater ; Drinking water ; Raw materials ; Heavy metals ; Resins ; Health hazards ; Sensitivity analysis
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052775)
https://iwaponline.com/jwh/article-pdf/22/4/652/1407169/jwh0220652.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052775.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052775.pdf
(0.79 MB) (804 KB)
A new type of bio-composite material is being produced from water-recovered resources such as cellulose fibres from wastewater, calcite from the drinking water softening process, and grass and reed from waterboard sites. These raw materials may be contaminated with pathogens and chemicals such as Escherichia coli, heavy metals, and resin compounds. A novel risk assessment framework is proposed here, addressing human health risks during the production of new bio-composite materials. The developed framework consists of a combination of existing risk assessment methods and is based on three main steps: hazard identification, qualitative risk mapping, and quantitative risk assessment. The HAZOP and Event Tree Analysis methodologies were used for hazard identification and risk mapping stages. Then, human health risks were quantitatively assessed using quantitative chemical risk assessment, evaluating cancer and non-cancer risk, and quantitative microbial risk assessment. The deterministic and the stochastic approaches were performed for this purpose. The contamination of raw materials may pose human health concerns, resulting in cancer risk above the threshold. Microbial risk is also above the safety threshold. Additional analysis would be significant as future research to better assess the microbial risk in biocomposite production. The framework has been effectively used for chemical and microbial risk assessment.
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