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1 Fernando, B. S. R.; Ranasinghe, R. A. C. P.; Punchihewa, H. K. G. 2017. Organic rankine cycle (ORC): performance of working fluids and energy recovery potential in Sri Lankan thermal power plants. In Sri Lanka. The Institution of Engineers. Transactions of the Institution of Engineers Sri Lanka. Technical Papers (Part B). Colombo, Sri Lanka: The Institution of Engineers. pp.151-159.
Energy recovery ; Fluids ; Thermal energy ; Organic compounds ; Decane ; Heptane ; Pentane ; Temperature ; Economic analysis ; Investment / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048498)
ORC based power generation is becoming popular as a way of generating electricity from low-grade heat sources such waste heat. Working fluid selection and system optimization based on heat source temperature are two critical aspects of ORC design. In this work, eleven fluids comprised of hydrocarbons and refrigerants were theoretically investigated to maximize the work output for a range of source temperatures. Results show that Heptane, Pentane and Decane show favourable results in terms of work outputs while, in terms of efficiency, Decane and Heptane are better. Further, it was found that Pentane outperforms, when source temperatures are between 45 – 190 0C, while Heptane for 190 – 260 0C. Decane is more suitable for 260 – 340 0C range. Based on the theoretical analysis, a new summarized graphical chart was developed for Pentane, Heptane and Decane, where one point on the graph can denote approximate work output, efficiency, pressure, temperature and other required data for the initial design process and fluid selection of an ORC plant. Subsequently, the economic feasibility of ORC was assessed considering WH data of all the thermal plants of in Sri Lanka. Possible electric power outputs were computed for each selected plant, for selected fluids from the above theoretical analysis. Then, maximum work out of each case was selected for further economic evaluation under seven different scenarios, which represents the future economic situation in the country. Investment cost was estimated pertaining to the maximum work output and payback time was estimated to evaluate the investment feasibility. Interestingly, results show that some of the high volume power stations are very good candidate for ORC, which has very short payback time even with the worst possible economic situations considered.
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