Your search found 9 records
1 Khan, A.; Sofranko, A. J.; Khan, I. A. 1988; 1990. Importance of irrigation in the utilization of improved inputs: Examples from Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Social Science, pp.31-42.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: P 1714 Record No: H07442)
2 Abderrahman, W. A.; Khan, A.. 1992. Weather-modification impact on irrigation water demands and management in arid regions. In Abu-Zeid, M. A.; Biswas, A. K. (Eds.), Climatic fluctuations and water management. Oxford, UK: Butterworth-Heinemann. pp.149-159.
Arid zones ; Climate ; Irrigation water ; Water demand ; Crop yield ; Evapotranspiration ; Water management
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 551.57 G000 ABU Record No: H020383)
3 Khan, A.; Hussain, R.; Ahmad, R. 2002. Quality of groundwater in district Chakwal. In Pakistan Water Partnership (PWP). Second South Asia Water Forum, 14-16 December 2002, Islamabad, Pakistan. Proceedings, vol.1. Islamabad, Pakistan: Pakistan Water Partnership (PWP). pp.315-323.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G570 PAK Record No: H034153)
4 Ahmad, S.; Khan, A.; Salpas, P. 2003. Development of a fractured medium flow model for a waste site. Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 39(5):1127-1142.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H034877)
5 Mukhopadhyay, B.; Khan, A.. 2015. A reevaluation of the snowmelt and glacial melt in river flows within Upper Indus Basin and its significance in a changing climate. Journal of Hydrology, 527:119-132. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.04.045]
Climate change ; Glaciers ; Snowmelt ; River basins ; Flow discharge ; Watersheds ; Hydrological regime ; Valuation ; Temperature / Pakistan / Upper Indus Basin / Western Himalayas / Karakoram Mountains / Hindu Kush Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047441)
(5.03 MB)
The hydrograph separation method, previously proposed to quantify base flow, seasonal snowmelt, and glacial melt components in river flows within Upper Indus basin underestimates glacial melt component. This is particularly limiting for highly glacierized watersheds. The limitation has been corrected by a further refinement of the method. The results with the refined procedure are highly consistent with the physical characteristics such as hypsometry and glacier extents of the watershed even though the method itself is completely independent of the physical characteristics of the watershed where it is applied. Glacial melt far outweigh snowmelt in the rivers draining the Karakoram and Zanskar ranges. In the Karakoram, on an annualized basis, glacial melt proportion varies from 43% to 50% whereas snowmelt varies from 27% to 31%. On the other hand, snowmelt dominates over glacial melt in the rivers draining the western Greater Himalayas and the Hindu Kush. Here snowmelt percentage in river discharge varies from 31% to 53% whereas that of glacial melt ranges from 16% to 30%. In the main stem of Upper Indus River, snowmelt fraction in most cases is slightly greater than the glacial melt fraction. In the main stem, snowmelt percentage ranges from 35% to 44% whereas glacial melt percentage ranges from 25% to 36%. Upper Indus River just upstream of Tarbela Reservoir carries annual flows constituted of 70% melt water of which 26% is contributed by glacial melts and 44% by snowmelts. We also show that during the later part of twentieth century and continuing into the early part of twenty first century glacial melt contributions to river discharge has decreased compared to the previous decades. This phenomenon can be ascribed to either basin wide loss of glacial mass in the recent decades in the elevation range from where most of the glacial melt originates or glacier growth and stability due to either reduction in energy inputs or increase in precipitation or both at the high altitude bands wherefrom glacial melt water originates.
6 Khan, A.; Richards, K. S.; McRobie, A.; Fischer, G.; Wiberg, D.; Burek, P.; Satoh, Y. 2016. Accuracy assessment of ISI-MIP modelled ows in the Hidukush-Karakoram-Himalayan basins [Abstract only] Paper presented at the European Geosciences Union (EGU) General Assembly, Vienna, Austria, 17-22 April 2016. 1p.
Mountain ranges ; Glaciers ; Meltwater ; Climate change ; Stream flow ; Energy generation ; Hydrology ; Models ; River basins ; Precipitation / Afghanistan / Pakistan / China / India / Tajikistan / Hindu Kush / Karakoram / Himalayan Region / Upper Indus Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047865)
7 Cumming, T. L.; Shackleton, R. T.; Forster, J.; Dini, J.; Khan, A.; Gumula, M.; Kubiszewski, I. 2017. Achieving the national development agenda and the sustainable development goals (SDGs) through investment in ecological infrastructure: a case study of South Africa. Ecosystem Services, 27(Part B):253-260. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2017.05.005]
Sustainable Development Goals ; National planning ; Development plans ; Social aspects ; Ecological factors ; Investment ; Water resources ; Water pricing ; Strategies ; International cooperation ; Financing ; Natural resources management ; Ecosystem services ; Biodiversity ; Development programmes ; Land use ; Policy ; Case studies / South Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048441)
(0.44 MB)
Ecological infrastructure (EI) refers to ecosystems that deliver services to society, functioning as a nature-based equivalent of, or complement to, built infrastructure. EI is critical for socio-economic development, supporting a suite of development imperatives at local, national and international scales. This paper presents the myriad of ways that EI supports sustainable development, using South Africa and the South African National Development Plan as a case study, linking to the Sustainable Development Goals on a global level. We show the need for EI across numerous development and sustainability issues, including food security, water provision, and poverty alleviation.
A strategic and multi-sectoral approach to EI investment is essential for allocating scarce public and private resources for achieving economic and social-ecological priorities. Opportunities to unlock investment in EI, both internationally and on the national level, are identified. This includes leveraging private sector investment into landscape management and integrating the costs of managing EI into public sectors that benefit directly from ecosystem services, such as the water sector and infrastructure development. Additionally, investing in EI also aligns well with international development and climate change funds. Investment in EI from a range of innovative sources supports global and national development, while complementing other development investments.
A strategic and multi-sectoral approach to EI investment is essential for allocating scarce public and private resources for achieving economic and social-ecological priorities. Opportunities to unlock investment in EI, both internationally and on the national level, are identified. This includes leveraging private sector investment into landscape management and integrating the costs of managing EI into public sectors that benefit directly from ecosystem services, such as the water sector and infrastructure development. Additionally, investing in EI also aligns well with international development and climate change funds. Investment in EI from a range of innovative sources supports global and national development, while complementing other development investments.
8 Rao, M. P.; Cook, E. R.; Cook, B. I.; Palmer, J. G.; Uriarte, M.; Devineni, N.; Lall, U.; D’Arrigo, R. D.; Woodhouse, C. A.; Ahmed, M.; Zafar, M. U.; Khan, N.; Khan, A.; Wahab, M. 2018. Six centuries of Upper Indus Basin streamflow variability and its climatic drivers. Water Resources Research, 54(8):5687-5701. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2018WR023080]
River basins ; Stream flow ; Climatic factors ; Temperature ; Precipitation ; Discharges ; Forecasting ; Models ; Regression analysis ; Principal component analysis / Pakistan / Upper Indus Basin / Partab Bridge / Doyian / Gilgit / Kachora
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048920)
(3.32 MB)
Our understanding of the full range of natural variability in streamflow, including how modern flow compares to the past, is poorly understood for the Upper Indus Basin because of short instrumental gauge records. To help address this challenge, we use Hierarchical Bayesian Regression with partial pooling to develop six centuries long (1394–2008 CE) streamflow reconstructions at three Upper Indus Basin gauges (Doyian, Gilgit, and Kachora), concurrently demonstrating that Hierarchical Bayesian Regression can be used to reconstruct short records with interspersed missing data. At one gauge (Partab Bridge), with a longer instrumental record (47 years), we develop reconstructions using both Bayesian regression and the more conventionally used principal components regression. The reconstructions produced by principal components regression and Bayesian regression at Partab Bridge are nearly identical and yield comparable reconstruction skill statistics, highlighting that the resulting tree ring reconstruction of streamflow is not dependent on the choice of statistical method. Reconstructions at all four reconstructions indicate that flow levels in the 1990s were higher than mean flow for the past six centuries. While streamflow appears most sensitive to accumulated winter (January–March) precipitation and summer (May–September) temperature, with warm summers contributing to high flow through increased melt of snow and glaciers, shifts in winter precipitation and summer temperatures cannot explain the anomalously high flow during the 1990s. Regardless, the sensitivity of streamflow to summer temperatures suggests that projected warming may increase streamflow in coming decades, though long-term water risk will additionally depend on changes in snowfall and glacial mass balance.
9 Fahad, S.; Inayat, T.; Wang, J.; Dong, L.; Hu, G.; Khan, S.; Khan, A.. 2020. Farmers’ awareness level and their perceptions of climate change: a case of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. Land Use Policy, 96:104669. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104669]
Climate change adaptation ; Farmers ; Awareness ; Strategies ; Land ownership ; Socioeconomic aspects ; Drought ; Policies ; Diversification ; Government agencies ; Households ; Models / Pakistan / Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049835)
(1.68 MB)
Climate change is an environmental threat to all the sectors, especially the agricultural sector around the globe. Pakistan is one of the most vulnerable regions to extreme climatic events in developing world especially in Southeast Asia. Pakistan has detrimentally affected by the climatic variations due to its high exposure to extreme climatic events. Several studies have reported the farm households’ perception, adaptation and mitigation about climate change but there is inadequate knowledge available on the awareness of farm households about climate change in Pakistan. To fill this research gap, the purpose of research aims to examine the Pakistani farm household’s awareness level of climate change and its associated factors. By using structured questionnaire in data of 400 study participants were collected from four districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of Pakistan through a household’s survey. A stratified random sampling technique was utilized for collection of primary data. A probit model approach was employed to analyze the farm households’ awareness of climate change and its associated socioeconomic and demographic variables. Results of our study exposed that 73 % farm households were aware of climate change. Socio economics and demographic variables such as age of farm households, education level, farming experience, land ownership status, extension and information sources access were pointedly related to farm households’ awareness of climate change. Further, results of our study showed that the evaluation of farm households’ adaptation behavior suggests that farm households are active in using several adaptation strategies such as crop diversification and use of irrigation etc. It is expected that the findings of the present research will be helpful to guide governmental agencies and policymakers and contribute to the construction of sustainable adaptation measures in Pakistan and other regions in the framework of climate change.
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