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1 Akoto, O.; Gyamfi, O.; Darko, G.; Barnes, V. R. 2017. Changes in water quality in the Owabi Water Treatment Plant in Ghana. Applied Water Science, 7(1):175-186. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-014-0232-4]

Water quality ; Waste water treatment plants ; Drinking water ; Water pollution ; Health hazards ; Chemicophysical properties ; Nutrients ; Bacteriological analysis ; Faecal coliforms ; Contamination ; WHO ; Guidelines ; Correlation analysis ; Reservoirs ; Heavy metals / Ghana / Kumasi / Owabi Water Treatment Plant

(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048096)

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs13201-014-0232-4.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048096.pdf

(0.47 MB) (480 KB)

The study was conducted on the status of the quality of water from the Owabi water treatment plant that supplies drinking water to Kumasi, a major city in Ghana, to ascertain the change in quality of water from source to point-of-use. Physico-chemical, bacteriological water quality parameters and trace metal concentration of water samples from five different treatment points from the Owabi water treatment plant were investigated. The raw water was moderately hard with high turbidity and colour that exceeds the WHO guideline limits. Nutrient concentrations were of the following order: NH3\NO2 -\- NO3 -\PO4 3-\SO4 2- and were all below WHO permissible level for drinking water in all the samples at different stages of treatment. Trace metal concentrations of the reservoir were all below WHO limit except chromium (0.06 mg/L) and copper (0.24 mg/L). The bacteriological study showed that the raw water had total coliform (1,766 cfu/100 mL) and faecal coliform (257 cfu/100 mL) that exceeded the WHO standard limits, rendering it unsafe for domestic purposes without treatment. Colour showed strong positive correlation with turbidity (r = 0.730), TSS (r C 0.922) and alkalinity (0.564) significant at p\0.01. The quality of the treated water indicates that colour, turbidity, Cr and Cu levels reduced and fall within the WHO permissible limit for drinking water. Treatment process at the water treatment plant is adjudged to be good.

2 Seth, R.; Mohan, M.; Singh, P.; Singh, R.; Dobhal, R.; Singh, K. P.; Gupta, S. 2016. Water quality evaluation of Himalayan Rivers of Kumaun Region, Uttarakhand, India. Applied Water Science, 6(2):137-147. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-014-0213-7]

Water quality ; Evaluation ; Rivers ; Drinking water ; Irrigation water ; Contamination ; Chemicophysical properties ; Sodium ; Adsorption ; Correlation analysis ; Seasonal variation ; Monsoon climate / India / Himalayan Region / Uttarakhand / Kumaun Region / Gola River / Ramganga River / Saryu River / Kosi River / Lohawati River

(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048097)

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs13201-014-0213-7.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048097.pdf

(0.91 MB) (928 KB)

Water quality of Himalayan rivers has been steadily deteriorating over several decades due to anthropogenic activities, dumping of treated or untreated effluents, poor structured sewerage and drainage system, etc. In the present study, the water quality of five important rivers namely, Gola, Kosi, Ramganga, Saryu and Lohawati rivers were investigated which flow through the different districts of Kumaun region of Uttarakhand Himalaya. The water of all these rivers serves as the major source for drinking and irrigation purposes in these districts of the Kumaun region of Uttarakhand. River water samples collected in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons of the years 2011 and 2012 were analyzed for various water quality characteristics. Statistical analyses indicate positive correlation among most of the chemical parameters. Piper diagram illustrates that all the water samples fall in Ca–Mg–HCO3 hydrochemical facies, Moreover, the suitability of water for drinking purposes determined by water quality index indicated that river water in both the seasons is unsuitable. Irrigation water quality of all the river water was found suitable during both the seasons according to the result of sodium adsorption ratio, sodium percentage and residual sodium carbonate. The present study revealed that major factors contributing to deterioration of water quality of all the rivers might be eutrophication, tourism, anthropogenic and geogenic processes. Therefore, to restore the vitality and water quality of all these rivers, proper water resource planning programme should be developed.

3 Bhardwaj, R.; Gupta, A.; Garg, J. K. 2017. Evaluation of heavy metal contamination using environmetrics and indexing approach for River Yamuna, Delhi stretch, India. Water Science, 31(1):52-66. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsj.2017.02.002]

Water pollution ; Heavy metals ; Chemical contamination ; Water quality ; Industrial wastes ; Environmental effects ; Evaluation techniques ; Principal component analysis ; Correlation analysis ; Monsoon climate / India / Delhi / River Yamuna

(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048762)

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110492916300923/pdfft?md5=648ea7a4051748131a23781653bfee96&pid=1-s2.0-S1110492916300923-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048762.pdf

(1.23 MB) (1.23 MB)

The objective of the present study is to investigate the current status of heavy metal pollution in River Yamuna, Delhi stretch. The concentrations of Nickel, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Iron, Lead, and Zinc in water samples have been studied during December 2013–August 2015. The overall mean concentration of heavy metals was observed in the following order Fe >Cu > Zn > Ni >Cr > Pb >Cd. Correlation analysis formed two distinct groups of heavy metals highlighting similar sources. This was further corroborated by results from principal components analysis that showed similar grouping of heavy metals (Ni, Zn, Fe, Pb, Cd) into PC1 having one common source for these heavy metals and PC2 (Cu, Cr) having another common source. Further, our study pointed out two sites i.e. Najafgarh drain and Shahdara drain outlet in river Yamuna as the two potential sources responsible for the heavy metal contamination. Based on heavy metal pollution index value (1491.15), we concluded that our study area as a whole is critically polluted with heavy metals under study due to pollutant load from various anthropogenic activities.