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1 Mishra, S.; Guyonnet, D. 1993. Analysis of observation-well response during constant-head testing. Water Resources Journal, 178:64-70.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H014045)
A simple method of computing transmissivity and storativity from the analysis of observation-well response during constant-head aquifer tests is presented. The proposed methodology is based on approximate solutions developed using the Boltzmann transformation technique, and is demonstrated to be valid for many practical situations. It is shown that familiar constant-rate solutions (e.g., the Theis equation) can be generalized for the constant-head case if the head change at the observation well is normalized by the flow rate at the test well and then used as the time- dependent variable. A generalized form of the Jacob-Lohman approximation which is valid at every point in the aquifer is presented. Analysis of several hypothetical constant-head test data using the suggested approach indicate that estimates of transmissivity are much more reliable than those of storativity. However, both hydraulic parameters appear to be reasonably estimated if the interwell distance is at least two orders of magnitude larger than the wellbore radius.
2 Jha, S. K.; Mishra, S.; Sinha, B.; Alatalo, J. M.; Pandey, R. 2017. Rural development program in tribal region: a protocol for adaptation and addressing climate change vulnerability. Journal of Rural Studies, 51:151-157. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2017.02.013]
Climate change adaptation ; Rural development ; Development programmes ; Resilience ; Tribal peoples ; Households ; Socioeconomic environment ; Poverty ; Indicators ; Irrigation ; Water availability ; Agriculture ; Diversification ; State intervention ; Case studies / India / Madhya Pradesh / Dhar
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048085)
(0.41 MB)
Tribal peoples globally are among the most vulnerable groups to climate change and variability. This is due to a combination of their relative poverty and their dependence on agriculture and natural support systems (NSS). Hence programmes that simultaneously help to reduce poverty and vulnerability to climate change are needed. The Indian Government has launched the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), an incentive-based programme addressing vulnerability to poverty, climate change and NSS by integrating natural systems (water, land, soil) and human systems (employment opportunities). Here we show that the vulnerability related to climate variability, agriculture, water and household economic conditions has decreased significantly due to MGNREGA interventions. Specifically, water availability, diversification of agriculture, crop yield and income have all increased. Besides the decreased vulnerability to climate change due to better access to water, the intervention has also increased employment opportunities and daily wage levels have almost doubled, thus improving the economic status of tribal peoples. These changes have led to improved living conditions, facilitating better adaptation to both natural and economic stresses. This case study illustrates the potential of well-designed government programmes to contribute to sustainable development through improving adaptive capacity and by combating poverty and vulnerability to climate change among marginalised people.
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