Your search found 2 records
1 Rao, Krishna C.; Kvarnstrom, E.; Di Mario, L.; Drechsel, Pay. 2016. Business models for fecal sludge management. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 80p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 06) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2016.213]
Faecal sludge ; Resource management ; Resource recovery ; Recycling ; Business management ; Models ; Waste disposal ; Desludging ; Dumping ; Sewerage ; Waste treatment ; Waste water treatment plants ; Solid wastes ; Pollution ; Composts ; Public health ; Sanitation ; Latrines ; Defaecation ; Stakeholders ; Finance ; Cost recovery ; Energy recovery ; Biogas ; Organic fertilizers ; Private enterprises ; Institutions ; Partnerships ; Licences ; Regulations ; Transport ; Septic tanks ; Nutrients ; Taxes ; Farmers ; Urban areas ; Landscape ; Household ; Incentives ; Case studies / Asia / Africa / Latin America / South Africa / Kenya / India / Rwanda / Nepal / Philippines / Lesotho / Bangladesh / Mozambique / Ghana / Senegal / Benin / Sierra Leone / Malaysia / Ethiopia / Vietnam / Mali / Sri Lanka / Burkina Faso / Peru / Haiti / Dakar / Nairobi / Maseru / Accra / Tamale / Addis Ababa / Eastern Cape / Maputo / Dhaka / Ho Chi Minh City / Hai Phong / Dumaguete / Mombasa / Kisumu / San Fernando / Bamako / Cotonou / Ouagadougou / Kigali / Bangalore / Dharwad / Balangoda
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047826)
(4.75 MB)
On-site sanitation systems, such as septic tanks and pit latrines, are the predominant feature across rural and urban areas in most developing countries. However, their management is one of the most neglected sanitation challenges. While under the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the set-up of toilet systems received the most attention, business models for the sanitation service chain, including pit desludging, sludge transport, treatment and disposal or resource recovery, are only emerging. Based on the analysis of over 40 fecal sludge management (FSM) cases from Asia, Africa and Latin America, this report shows opportunities as well as bottlenecks that FSM is facing from an institutional and entrepreneurial perspective.
2 Nlend, B.; Celle-Jeanton, H.; Huneau, F.; Ketchemen-Tandia, B.; Fantong, W. Y.; Boum-Nkot, S. N.; Etame, J. 2018. The impact of urban development on aquifers in large coastal cities of West Africa: present status and future challenges. Land Use Policy, 75:352-363. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.03.007]
Aquifers ; Coastal area ; Urban development ; Towns ; Groundwater ; Water management ; Water quality ; Water pollution ; Contamination ; Salt water intrusion ; Environmental effects ; Climate change ; Anthropogenic factors ; Land use ; Socioeconomic environment ; Population growth / West Africa / Cote d'Ivoire / Benin / Nigeria / Cameroon / Continental Terminal Aquifer / Abidjan / Cotonou / Lagos / Douala
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048819)
(1.77 MB)
This paper investigates the coastal cities of Abidjan, Cotonou, Lagos and Douala in West Africa. Published data on these areas were aggregated in order to compare the urban development of some African huge cities and assess their impacts on groundwater. Those urban centers have experienced an exponential demographic expansion since the 1950s, with increased population densities and a geographical coverage expansion as well. The Continental Terminal aquifer, major groundwater resource taped in this region by the national water companies and local populations, shows a continuous downward trend in piezometric levels. Concerning water quality, the evolution up to the current state (saline intrusion, nitrate pollution) and the natural geochemical process (dilution, redox reactions) affecting the aquifer have been highlighted. The results confirm the urgent need to consider groundwater development relatively to demographic and economic growth. Some management approaches have been proposed including monitoring of contamination, protection of the resource and the use of shallow large-diameter wells, which have proved to be less saline and more sustainable than deeper small-diameter boreholes. The results and discussion of this paper have provided a considerable new insight of West African coastal cities. This will help stakeholders involved in local development to face the urban pressure.
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