Your search found 9 records
1 Brindha, Karthikeyan; Elango, L.. 2014. Geochemical modelling of the effects of a proposed uranium tailings pond on groundwater quality. Technical article. Mine Water and the Environment, 33:110-120. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-014-0279-3]
Geochemistry ; Models ; Hydrology ; Hydraulic conductivity ; Elements ; Uranium ; Mining ; Ponds ; Groundwater ; Water quality ; Infiltration water ; Wells / India / Andhra Pradesh / Nalgonda
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046501)
(2.60 MB)
The impact of a proposed uranium tailings pond on groundwater quality was assessed by geochemical modelling. Groundwater samples were collected from six dug wells in the Nalgonda district, Andhra Pradesh, in southern India, once every 2 months from March 2008 to January 2010, and analysed for calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, sulphate, carbonate, bicarbonate, and uranium. Prediction of groundwater quality was carried out for 100 years using PHREEQC to assess the effects of infiltration of water from the proposed tailings pond. The sensitivity of the model for variations in porosity, hydraulic gradient, hydraulic conductivity, and concentration of uranium in the tailings was evaluated. Geochemical modelling predicts that if the chemical composition of the tailings water is maintained at about the expected mean concentrations, and an appropriate liner is installed with an infiltration rate B1.0 9 10-9 m/s, the concentration of solutes in the groundwater will be increased from present background levels for a down-gradient distance of up to 500 m for the anticipated life of the mine, i.e. 16 years. The concentration of ions in groundwater would exceed background concentrations for up to 100 m at the end of 100 years. This study was used to predict the optimum chemical composition for the tailings and the extent, in terms of time and distance, that the groundwater concentration of various ions would be increased by infiltration of wastes from the tailings pond.
2 Elango, L.. (Ed.) 2005. Numerical simulation of groundwater flow and solute transport. New Delhi, India: Allied Publishers. 245p.
Groundwater management ; Groundwater flow ; Mathematical models ; Hydrogeology ; Waterlogging ; Groundwater pollution ; Contamination ; Remote sensing ; Rivers ; Case studies / India / Orissa / Hirakud / Palar River / Hyderabad / Andhra Pradesh / Patancheru / Medak District / Karnataka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 553.79 G635 ELA Record No: H046629)
(0.31 MB)
3 Elango, L.; Jayakumar, R. (Eds.) 2001. Modelling in hydrogeology. New Delhi, India: Allied Publishers. 259p.
Hydrogeology ; Models ; Groundwater flow ; Aquifers ; Artificial recharge ; Watersheds ; River basin management ; Mathematical models ; Salt water intrusion ; Soil fertility ; Chlorides ; Nitrogen ; Hydrocarbons ; Porous media / India / Australia / South America / Gujarat / Chennai / Tamil Nadu / Mahi Right Bank Canal / Lower Murray Region / Kallar Watershed / Lower Palar River Basin / Guarani Aquifer
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.48011 G000 ELA Record No: H046634)
(0.52 MB)
4 Brindha, Karthikeyan; Elango, L.. 2015. Cross comparison of five popular groundwater pollution vulnerability index approaches. Journal of Hydrology, 524:597-613. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.03.003]
Groundwater pollution ; Groundwater recharge ; Water levels ; Water table ; Aquifers ; Sustainability ; Pesticides ; Nitrogen assimilation ; Land use ; Contamination ; Monsoon climate ; Rain ; Soil sampling / India
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046948)
(1.78 MB)
Identification of a suitable overlay and index method to map vulnerable zones for pollution in weathered rock aquifers was carried out in this study. DRASTIC and four models derived from it, namely Pesticide DRASTIC, modified DRASTIC, modified Pesticide DRASTIC and Susceptibility Index (SI) were compared by applying them to a weathered rock aquifer in southern India. The results were validated with the measured geochemical data. This study also introduces the use of temporal variation in the groundwater level and nitrate concentration in groundwater as input and for validation respectively to obtain more reliable and meaningful results. Sensitivity analysis of the vulnerability index maps highlight the importance of one parameter over another for a given hydrogeological setting, which will help to plan the field investigations based on the most or the least influential parameter. It is recommended to use modified Pesticide DRASTIC for weathered rock regions with irrigation practises and shallow aquifers (<20 m bgl). The crucial input due to land use should not be neglected and to be considered in any hydrogeological setting. It is better to estimate the specific vulnerability wherever possible rather than the intrinsic vulnerability as overlay and index methods are more suited for this purpose. It is also necessary to consider the maximum and minimum values of input parameters measured during a normal year in the models used for decision making.
5 Brindha, Karthikeyan; Jagadeshan, G.; Kalpana, L.; Elango, L.. 2016. Fluoride in weathered rock aquifers of southern India: managed aquifer recharge for mitigation. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 23(9):8302-8316. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6069-7]
Chemical composition ; Fluorides ; Aquifers ; Recharge ; Surface water ; Groundwater ; Water table ; Water quality ; River basins ; Semiarid zones ; Rain ; Wells ; Dams ; Case studies / India / Tamil Nadu / Nalgonda District / Telangana / Pambar River Basin / Vaniyar River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047462)
(3.43 MB)
Climatic condition, geology, and geochemical processes in an area play a major role on groundwater quality. Impact of these on the fluoride content of groundwater was studied in three regions-part of Nalgonda district in Telangana, Pambar River basin, and Vaniyar River basin in Tamil Nadu, southern India, which experience semi-arid climate and are predominantly made of Precambrian rocks. High concentration of fluoride in groundwater above 4 mg/l was recorded. Human exposure dose for fluoride through groundwater was higher in Nalgonda than the other areas. With evaporation and rainfall being one of the major contributors for high fluoride apart from the weathering of fluoride rich minerals from rocks, the effect of increase in groundwater level on fluoride concentration was studied. This study reveals that groundwater in shallow environment of all three regions shows dilution effect due to rainfall recharge. Suitable managed aquifer recharge (MAR) methods can be adopted to dilute the fluoride rich groundwater in such regions which is explained with two case studies. However, in deep groundwater, increase in fluoride concentration with increase in groundwater level due to leaching of fluoride rich salts from the unsaturated zone was observed. Occurrence of fluoride above 1.5 mg/l was more in areas with deeper groundwater environment. Hence, practicing MAR in these regions will increase the fluoride content in groundwater and so physica or chemical treatment has to be adopted. This study brought out the fact that MAR cannot be practiced in all regions for dilution of ions in groundwater and that it is essential to analyze the fluctuation in groundwater level and the fluoride content before suggesting it as a suitable solution. Also, this study emphasizes that long-term monitoring of these factors is an important criterion for choosing the recharge areas.
6 Rajesh, R.; Brindha, Karthikeyan; Elango, L.. 2015. Groundwater quality and its hydrochemical characteristics in a shallow weathered rock aquifer of southern India. Water Quality, Exposure and Health, 7(4):515-524. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12403-015-0166-6]
Groundwater irrigation ; Irrigation water ; Water quality ; Hydrology ; Chemical analysis ; Geology ; Surface water ; Aquifers ; Domestic consumption ; Domestic water ; Drinking water ; Elements ; Salinity ; Alkalinity ; Wells / India / Telangana / Nalgonda District
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047463)
(2.08 MB)
Suitability of groundwater for domestic and irrigation purposes as well as its hydrochemical characteristics was estimated in a part of Nalgonda district, Telangana state in southern India. Water samples were collected from 45 wells once every 2 months from March 2008 to January 2010. EC and pH were measured in situ while concentrations of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, sulphate and chloride in groundwater were analysed using ion chromatograph. Carbonate and bicarbonate concentration were determined by acid base titration. General order of dominance of cations in the groundwater of this study area is Na?[Ca2?[Mg2?[ K? while that for anions is HCO3 -[Cl-[SO4-2. Ca–HCO3, Na–Cl, mixed Ca–Na–HCO3 and mixed Ca–Mg–Cl types of groundwater were dominant in this area. Groundwater is generally fresh with medium to high salinity and low alkalinity. Chloride and bicarbonate concentrations were present within the permissible limits for drinking whereas, some samples exceed the permissible limits of the Bureau of Indian Standards for pH, TDS, TH,sodium, calcium, magnesium and sulphate. Potassium exceeded the maximum permissible limits for drinking proposed by World Health Organisation. Sodium adsorption ratio, sodium percentage, residual sodium carbonate and permeability index indicates that the groundwater quality was suitable for irrigation in most parts of the study area.
7 Rajaveni, S. P.; Brindha, Karthikeyan; Elango, L.. 2017. Geological and geomorphological controls on groundwater occurrence in a hard rock region. Applied Water Science, 7(3):13770-1389. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-015-0327-6]
Geology ; Geomorphology ; Groundwater potential ; Groundwater management ; Groundwater recharge ; Remote sensing ; GIS ; Watersheds ; Water levels ; Surface water ; Water resources ; Wells ; Land use ; Drainage ; Density / India / Nalgonda / Telangana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047464)
http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs13201-015-0327-6.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047464.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047464.pdf
(2.30 MB)
Remote sensing and GIS tools have broadly helped hydrogeologists to delineate the groundwater prospective zones for watershed development and management. The origin, movement and existence of groundwater depends on several factors such as slope, drainage density, land use, geology, lineament density and geomorphology. Based on these, the mapping and identification of groundwater potential zones were carried out in a part of Nalgonda district, Telangana, India. The regions were categorised as high, moderate and low groundwater potential, and they were validated with the groundwater levels and yield of wells located in the corresponding zones. Extensive possibility for watershed development is possible in 41 % of the total 724 km2 and 46 % of the area offers moderate options. Any groundwater management project implemented in these favourable areas will bring maximum benefit. Similar studies should be considered necessary before designing a water resource development activity as it will reduce the cost on detailed field visits which are time-consuming.
8 Kloppmann, W.; Sandhu, C.; Groeschke, M.; Pandian, R. S.; Picot-Colbeau, G.; Fahimuddin, M.; Ahmed, S.; Alazard, M.; Amerasinghe, Priyanie; Bhola, P.; Boisson, A.; Elango, L.; Feistel, U.; Fischer, S.; Ghosh, N. C.; Grischek, T.; Grutzmacher, G.; Hamann, E.; Nair, I. S.; Jampani, Mahesh; Mondal, N. C.; Monninkhoff, B.; Pettenati, M.; Rao, S.; Sarah, S.; Schneider, M.; Sklorz, S.; Thiery, D.; Zabel, A. 2015. Modelling of natural water treatment systems in India: Learning from the Saph Pani case studies. In Wintgens. T.; Nattorp, A.; Elango, L.; Asolekar, S. R. (Eds.). Natural water treatment systems for safe and sustainable water supply in the Indian context: Saph Pani, London, UK: IWA Publishing. pp. 227-250.
Wastewater treatment ; Wastewater irrigation ; Models ; Riverbank protection ; Filtration ; Wetlands ; Flow discharge ; Water quality ; Water reuse ; Aquifers ; Groundwater recharge ; Groundwater management ; Watershed management ; Surface water ; Coastal area ; Drinking water ; Salt water intrusion ; Geology ; Weathering ; Irrigation canals ; Case studies / India / New Delhi / Chennai / Tamil Nadu / Telangana / Hyderabad / Maheshwaram / Uttarakhand / Haridwar / Yamuna River / Ganga River / Musi River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047553)
https://zenodo.org/record/61088/files/9781780408392_14.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047553.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047553.pdf
(12.42 MB) (3.9 MB)
9 Brindha, Karthikeyan; Pavelic, Paul; Sotoukee, Touleelor; Douangsavanh, Somphasith; Elango, L.. 2017. Geochemical characteristics and groundwater quality in the Vientiane Plain, Laos. Exposure and Health, 9(2):89-104. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12403-016-0224-8]
Geology ; Chemical composition ; Toxicity ; Groundwater ; Water quality ; Water level ; Drinking water ; Domestic water ; Irrigation water ; Aquifers ; Plains ; Heavy metals ; Pollutants ; Iron ; Arsenic ; Copper ; Zinc ; Mercury ; Health hazards / Lao People's Democratic Republic / Vientiane Plain
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047651)
Groundwater from the shallow aquifers of the Vientiane Plain, Laos is used for domestic needs including to some extent for drinking and for household gardening. The objective of this study is to assess the groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation activities and to determine the processes that lead to the presence of major ions in groundwater. Twenty groundwater samples were collected from a village on the Plain in December 2014, January 2015, and May 2015, and analysed for major ions and selected suite of minor ions and heavy metals. Groundwater is largely acidic, fresh and soft in nature. Geochemistry showed dominant Ca–Mg–HCO3 and mixed Ca–Na–HCO3 groundwater. Sodium impacts the suitability of water for irrigation to some extent. Hydrogeochemical processes identified and verified through factor analysis indicate weathering, carbonate dissolution, ion exchange, and anthropogenic sources including salinisation, due to irrigation and use of fertilizers as sources for the occurrence of major ions at such concentrations in this area. Only concentrations of lead and iron were above the permissible limits with arsenic, copper, zinc, mercury, and uranium found to be within safe limits. Background sample (groundwater) collected 5 km from the study area and the bottled water sample were all within suitable limits for drinking. This study is the first to provide a local-level assessment of geochemical processes in groundwater of this area indicating that the groundwater does not pose any threat to human health if used for drinking based on major ions, minor ions and a suite heavy metals except for iron and lead.
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