Your search found 10 records
1 Abdullayev, I.; Nurmetova, F.; Abdullaeva, F.; Lamers, J. 2008. Socio-technical aspects of water management in Uzbekistan: emerging water governance issues at the grass root level. In Rahaman, M. M.; Varis, O. (Eds.). Central Asian waters: social, economic, environmental and governance puzzle. Helsinki, Finland: Helsinki University of Technology. pp.42-48. ( Helsinki University of Technology - Water and Development Publications)
Water resource management ; Water user associations ; Governance ; Canals ; Case studies / Uzbekistan / Ferghana region / Khorezm region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042307)
http://www.zef.de/module/register/media/b450_09_Central_Asian_Waters.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042307.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H042307.pdf
(0.21 MB)
The recent changes in agriculture have created dynamic environment where de-collectivization result formation of individual farm units. The water management system which was meant for collective farming, both hard (irrigation network) and soft (institutional) components became irrelevant for more individualized agricultural production. Recently established water users associations (WUAs) for filling gap on water management at the local level are facing many problems, such as chronic non-payment of membership fees, inability to install clear water management rules, etc. The objective of this paper is to analyze the recent changes in water management governance at the former collective farm level due to the structural changes in agriculture and present options on improving it. In the context of the IWRM discourse, the study will contribute to the development of more realistic plans in the context of transitional economies of Former Soviet Union (FSU).
2 Qadir, Manzoor; Wichelns, Dennis; Oster, J.; Jacobsen, S. -E.; Basra, S. M. A.; Choukr-Allah, R. (Eds.) 2010. Sustainable management of saline waters and salt-affected soils for agriculture: proceedings of the Second Bridging Workshop, Aleppo, Syria, 15-18 November 2009. Aleppo, Syria: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 106p.
Water quality ; Salinity ; Irrigation water ; Soil salinity ; Electrical conductivity ; Fodder ; Wheat ; Nitrogen fertilizers ; Waste land ; Wastewater irrigation ; Water scarcity ; Arid zones / Uzbekistan / Syria / Sudan / Palestine / Khorezm Region / Aleppo Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 GG30 QAD Record No: H043449)
http://www.icarda.org/wli/pdfs/Books/ProceedingsOfSecondBridgingWorkshopBook.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043449.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043449.pdf
(0.91 MB) (3.08MB)
3 Qadir, Manzoor; Wichelns, Dennis; Oster, J.; Jacobsen, S. -E.; Basra, S. M. A.; Choukr-Allah, R. (Eds.) 2010. Sustainable management of saline waters and salt-affected soils for agriculture: proceedings of the Second Bridging Workshop, Aleppo, Syria, 15-18 November 2009. Aleppo, Syria: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 106p.
Water quality ; Salinity ; Irrigation water ; Soil salinity ; Electrical conductivity ; Fodder ; Wheat ; Nitrogen fertilizers ; Waste land ; Wastewater irrigation ; Water scarcity ; Arid zones / Uzbekistan / Syria / Sudan / Palestine / Khorezm Region / Aleppo Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 GG30 QAD c2 Record No: H043461)
http://www.icarda.org/wli/pdfs/Books/ProceedingsOfSecondBridgingWorkshopBook.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043461.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043461.pdf
(3.09 MB) (3.08MB)
4 Bobojonov, I; Martius, C.; Lamers, J. P. A. 2010. Economic analysis of policy scenarios for developing degraded drylands under uncertainty of irrigation water availability in the Khorezm region of Uzbekistan. Qadir, Manzoor; Wichelns, Dennis; Oster, J.; Jacobsen, S. -E.; Basra, S. M. A.; Choukr-Allah, R. (Eds.). Sustainable management of saline waters and salt-affected soils for agriculture: proceedings of the Second Bridging Workshop, Aleppo, Syria, 15-18 November 2009. Stimulating session 6. Aleppo, Syria: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.92-97.
Economic analysis ; Soil salinity ; Water use efficiency ; Water scarcity ; Water rates / Central Asia / Uzbekistan / Khorezm Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 GG30 QAD Record No: H043352)
http://www.icarda.org/wli/pdfs/Books/ProceedingsOfSecondBridgingWorkshopBook.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043352.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H043352.pdf
(0.42 MB) (3.08 MB)
5 Akhtar, F.; Tischbein, B.; Awan, Usman Khalid. 2013. Optimizing deficit irrigation scheduling under shallow groundwater conditions in lower reaches of Amu Darya River Basin. Water Resources Management, 27(8):3165-3178. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-013-0341-0]
Irrigation scheduling ; Water scarcity ; River basins ; Irrigated farming ; Irrigation water ; Groundwater table ; Water supply ; Crop yield ; Cotton ; Models ; Evapotranspiration / Central Asia / Uzbekistan / Khorezm Region / Amu Darya River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045846)
(0.23 MB)
Water demand for irrigated agriculture is increasing against limited availability of fresh water resources in the lower reaches of the Amu Darya River e.g., Khorezm region of Uzbekistan. Future scenarios predict that Khorezm region will receive fewer water supplies due to climate change, transboundary conflicts and hence farmers have to achieve their yield targets with less water. We conducted a study and used AquaCrop model to develop the optimum and deficit irrigation schedule under shallow groundwater conditions (1.0–1.2 m) in the study region. Cotton being a strategic crop in the region was used for simulations. Capillary rise substantially contributes to crop-water requirements and is the key characteristic of the regional soils. However, AquaCrop does not simulate capillary rise contribution, thereby HYDRUS-1D model was used in this study for the quantification of capillary rise contribution. Alongside optimal irrigation schedule for cotton, deficit strategies were also derived in two ways: proportional reduction from each irrigation event (scenario-A) throughout the growth period as well as reduced water supply at specific crop growth stages (scenario-B). For scenario-A, 20, 40, 50 and 60 % of optimal water was deducted from each irrigation quota whereas for scenario-B irrigation events were knocked out at different crop growth stages (stage 1(emergence), stage 2 (vegetative), stage 3 (flowering) and stage 4 (yield formation and ripening)). For scenario-A, 0, 14, 30 and 48 % of yield reduction was observed respectively. During stress at the late crop development stage, a reduced water supply of 12 % resulted in a yield increase of 8 %. Conversely, during stress at the earlier crop development stage, yield loss was 17–18 %. During water stress at the late ripening stage, no yield loss was observed. Results of this study provide guidelines for policy makers to adopt irrigation schedule depending upon availability of irrigation water.
6 Bekchanov, Maksud; Lamers, J. P. A.; Martius, C. 2014. Coping with water scarcity in the irrigated lowlands of the lower Amudarya basin, Central Asia. In Lamers, J. P. A.; Khamzina, A.; Rudenko, I.; Vlek, P. L. G. (Eds.). Restructuring land allocation, water use and agricultural value chains: technologies, policies and practices for the lower Amudarya region. Bonn, Germany: Bonn University Press. pp.199-216.
Water scarcity ; Irrigated land ; Irrigation water ; Water use efficiency ; Irrigation methods ; Furrow irrigation ; Drip irrigation ; Farmers ; Soil moisture ; Crop management ; Rice ; Maize ; Organic fertilizers ; Economic aspects / Central Asia / Uzbekistan / Lower Amudarya Basin / Khorezm Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046731)
(0.15 MB)
Improving irrigation efficiency is of utmost importance in the irrigated lands of Central Asia, such as the Khorezm region of Uzbekistan, since water misuse and subsequent soil salinization threaten environment, economy, and livelihoods. To this end, several field-level ‘water-wise’ innovations were selected, which are classified into four groups that address crop pattern change, soil moisture maintenance, uniform water distribution, and furrow irrigation improvement. The potential of these innovations to raise irrigation water use efficiency from its current low level was analyzed from a socio-economic and technical point of view with a focus on short-term measures to cope with sudden water shortages. The overall water use reduction potential of these options was estimated considering their adoption feasibility within the time horizon of one year. To prioritize the examined innovations according to their contribution to overall water use reduction and water profitability, ‘marginal water profitability curves’ were developed. This integrated approach could serve as a simple but effective policy tool. The findings indicate that the option of replacing rice by maize contributes to more than 50 % of the total possible water use reduction. However, while all the other options increase the total revenue, reduced revenues will be unavoidable when paddy rice is replaced by maize. Manuring provides the highest additional profit per volume of reduced water use, but contributes less than 10 % of the total water use reduction potential. With water-wise options as an immediate and short-term measure to cope with sudden water shortages, the theoretical total estimated water reduction at the field level amounts to 183 – 376,000,000 m3 or 9.0 – 18.5 % of the current total irrigation water requirement in the region. For coping with sudden shortages characterized by a water availability of only 60 % of the normal water supply, long-term planning and management of irrigation activities focusing on a wider adoption of advanced irrigation technologies are necessary.
7 Bekchanov, Maksud; Lamers, J. P. A.; Nurmetov, K. 2014. Economic incentives for adopting irrigation innovations in arid environments. In Lamers, J. P. A.; Khamzina, A.; Rudenko, I.; Vlek, P. L. G. (Eds.). Restructuring land allocation, water use and agricultural value chains: technologies, policies and practices for the lower Amudarya region. Bonn, Germany: Bonn University Press. pp.299-317.
Irrigation development ; Investment ; Arid zones ; Water management ; Water use efficiency ; Models ; Water availability ; Water supply ; Pricing ; Economic aspects ; Farmers ; Drip irrigation ; Crops ; Land levelling / Central Asia / Uzbekistan / Aral Sea Basin / Khorezm Region / Amu Darya River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046732)
(0.17 MB)
Water is getting scarce in many parts of the world, consequently challenging researchers, policy makers and practitioners to design options for a more efficient use of these resources, especially in irrigated agriculture. Although technical-economic efficiency of potential water-wise options and institutional restrictions for their implementation in the developing and less-developed countries are well documented, little evidence exists about the incentives for farmers and regional development agencies to adopt the efficient irrigation innovations. A linear programming model for optimizing regional agricultural income was developed to analyze the impact of water availability, water pricing, and investment accessibility on water-wise innovation adoption and conveyance efficiency improvement. The model was applied to the case of Khorezm, a region in northwestern Uzbekistan that is part of the downstream Amu Darya River in the Aral Sea Basin. Model results indicate that improving conveyance efficiency is economically less attractive than improving field-level water use efficiency due to enormous investment costs for lining the canals. Water-wise options such as manuring cotton and potatoes, implementing hydrogel in wheat and cotton, and drip irrigation of melons and vegetables are among the most promising field-level improvement options to gain optimal regional incomes under decreased water availability and increased water prices. It is illustrated that despite the huge investments needed for a wide-scale implementation of modern irrigation technologies such as drip irrigation and laser-guided land leveling, their adoption will substantially improve water use efficiency, while their implementation costs can be compensated for by the additional revenues due to increased yields and reduced costs.
8 Wehrheim, P.; Schoeller-Schletter, A.; Martius, C. (Eds.) 2008. Continuity and change Land and water use reforms in rural Uzbekistan: socio-economic and legal analyses for the region Khorezm. Halle (Saale), Germany: Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Central and Eastern Europe (IAMO). 203p. (Studies on the agricultural and food sector in Central and Eastern Europe 43)
Water use ; Land use ; Land reform ; Agrarian reform ; Legal aspects ; Agricultural production ; Cotton ; Markets ; Water allocation ; Water user associations ; Farms ; Farmers ; Crop management ; Hydrology ; Simulation models ; Technological changes ; State intervention ; Policy ; Ecological factors ; Rural areas ; Socioeconomic development / Uzbekistan / Khorezm Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.9113 G782 WEH Record No: H047294)
(1.79 MB) (1.79 MB)
9 Awan, U. K.; Tischbein, B.; Martius, C. 2015. Simulating groundwater dynamics using feflow-3D groundwater model under complex irrigation and drainage network of dryland ecosystems of Central Asia. Irrigation and Drainage, 64(2):283-296. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.1897]
Groundwater recharge ; Surface water ; Water levels ; Hydrology ; Water balance ; Simulation models ; Drainage systems ; Irrigation efficiency ; Water user associations ; Arid zones ; Ecosystems / Central Asia / Uzbekistan / Khorezm Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047442)
(2.19 MB)
Surface and groundwater resources are often conjunctively used to cope with water scarcity in irrigated agriculture. Farmers in the dryland ecosystems of central Asia also utilize shallow groundwater in addition to surface water withdrawn from rivers. This study modelled groundwater dynamics in an irrigation and drainage network in Khorezm region, Uzbekistan. The system, characterized by a vast, unlined channel network used to convey water mainly for flood irrigation and an open drainage system, is typical of Central Asian irrigated areas. Groundwater levels in the region are shallow—this contributes to crop water requirements but threatens crop production through secondary salinization. High losses during irrigation in fields and through the irrigation network are the main causes of these shallow groundwater levels. The main objective of this study was thus to simulate groundwater levels under improved irrigation efficiency scenarios. The FEFLOW-3D model, applied in a case study to the water users’ association (WUA) of Shomakhulum in south-west Khorezm, was used to quantify the impact of improved irrigation efficiency scenarios on groundwater dynamics. The modelled scenarios were: current irrigation efficiency (S-A, our baseline), improved conveyance efficiency (S-B), increased field application efficiency (S-C), and improved conveyance and application efficiency (S-D). Recharge rates were separately determined for six hydrological response units (differing in groundwater level and soil type) and introduced into the FEFLOW-3D model. After successful model calibration (R2 = 0.94) and validation (R2 = 0.93), the simulations showed that improving irrigation efficiency under existing agro-hydroclimatic conditions would lower groundwater levels from the baseline scenario (S-A) in August (the peak irrigation period) on average by 12 cm in S-B, 38 cm in S-C and 44 cm in S-D. Any interventions which would improve irrigation efficiency will lower the groundwater levels and hence policy makers should consider them and formulate the policy accordingly.
10 Khamidov, M.; Ishchanov, J.; Hamidov, A.; Donmez, C.; Djumaboev, Kakhramon. 2022. Assessment of soil salinity changes under the climate change in the Khorezm Region, Uzbekistan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(14):8794. (Special issue: Effects of Climate Change on Soil and Water Environment) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148794]
Soil salinity ; Assessment ; Climate change ; Soil salinization ; Forecasting ; Water resources ; Energy ; Food production ; Nexus approaches ; Air temperature ; Meteorological stations ; Irrigated land ; Soil chemicophysical properties / Uzbekistan / Khorezm Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051303)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/14/8794/pdf?version=1658284499
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051303.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051303.pdf
(2.07 MB) (2.07 MB)
Soil salinity negatively affects plant growth and leads to soil degradation. Saline lands result in low agricultural productivity, affecting the well-being of farmers and the economic situation in the region. The prediction of soil salinization dynamics plays a crucial role in sustainable development of agricultural regions, in preserving the ecosystems, and in improving irrigation management practices. Accurate information through monitoring and evaluating the changes in soil salinity is essential for the development of strategies for agriculture productivity and efficient soil management. As part of an ex-ante analysis, we presented a comprehensive statistical framework for predicting soil salinity dynamics using the Homogeneity test and linear regression model. The framework was operationalized in the context of the Khorezm region of Uzbekistan, which suffers from high levels of soil salinity. The soil salinity trends and levels were projected under the impact of climate change from 2021 to 2050 and 2051 to 2100. The results show that the slightly saline soils would generally decrease (from 55.4% in 2050 to 52.4% by 2100 based on the homogeneity test; from 55.9% in 2050 to 54.5% by 2100 according to the linear regression model), but moderately saline soils would increase (from 31.2% in 2050 to 32.5% by 2100 based on the homogeneity test; from 31.2% in 2050 to 32.4% by 2100 according to the linear regression model). Moreover, highly saline soils would increase (from 13.4% in 2050 to 15.1% by 2100 based on the homogeneity test; from 12.9% in 2050 to 13.1% by 2100 according to the linear regression model). The results of this study provide an understanding that soil salinity depends on climate change and help the government to better plan future management strategies for the region.
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