Your search found 7 records
1 Khan, A. R. 1999. An analysis of the surface water resources and water delivery systems in the Indus Basin. Lahore, Pakistan: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). Pakistan National Program. iv, 66p. (IWMI Pakistan Report R-093) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.530]
Surface water ; Water allocation ; Hydrology ; River basins ; Irrigation canals ; Reservoir operation / Pakistan / Indus Basin / Kabul River / Jhelum River / Chenab River / Ravi River / Sutlej River / Kotri Barrage / Tarbela / Mangla / Chashma
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 333.91 G730 KHA Record No: H025254)
(11.16 MB)
2 Ahmad, Mobin-ud-Din; Turral, Hugh; Nazeer, Aamir. 2009. Diagnosing irrigation performance and water productivity through satellite remote sensing and secondary data in a large irrigation system of Pakistan. Agricultural Water Management, 96:551-564.
Irrigation programs ; Irrigation systems ; Water productivity ; Water availability ; Evapotranspiration ; Remote sensing ; Performance indexes ; Water use ; Equity ; Groundwater ; Surface water ; Canals / Pakistan / Punjab Province / Rechna Doab / Ravi River / Chenab River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041854)
(1.74 MB)
3 Ashraf, M.; Bhatti, Muhammad Tousif; Shakir, A. S.; Tahir, A. A.; Ahmad. A. 2015. Sediment control interventions and river flow dynamics: impact on sediment entry into the large canals. Environmental Earth Sciences, 74(7):5465-5474. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-015-4604-3]
Sedimentation ; Rivers ; Stream flow ; Monsoon climate ; Flooding ; Canal irrigation ; Water yield ; Flow discharge / India / Pakistan / Chenab River / Marala Ravi Link Canal / Upper Chenab Canal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047101)
(0.77 MB)
At Marala barrage, two canals, i.e. Marala Ravi Link Canal (MRLC) and Upper Chenab Canal (UCC) off-take from left side of the River Chenab. MRLC has a very old history of experiencing sedimentation issues. Several attempts have been made to counterfoil or minimize this problem in the recent past. Two remarkable measures are the remodeling of MRLC in 2000-2001 (in-tervention-1) and the shifting of the confluence point of a heavily sediment-laden upstream tributary of the Chenab River by construction of a spur dike in 2004 (intervention-2). This paper investigates the effectiveness of these structural interventions as sedimentation control measures. The baseline period is selected from 1997 to 2000 and the impact is analyzed for two post-intervention time steps, i.e. evaluation period-1 ranging from 2001 to 2004 and evaluation period-2 from 2005 to 2011. Results obtained from double mass analysis revealed that sediment load increased by 33 and 8 % due to intervention-1, while decreased by 12 and 22 % due to intervention-2 in MRLC and UCC, respectively. The results suggest that monsoon floods are mainly responsible for sediment loading in the canals (66 % for UCC and 73 % for MRLC), supported by the finding that effective discharge (1900 m3 s-1) is almost twice the mean annual river discharge. The discharge classes between 900 and 2900 m3 s- 1 are mainly responsible for major proportion (89 % in MRLC and 86 % in UCC) of the total sediment load over the 15-year study period. The intervention-1 could not minimize the sediment entry into the canals; rather it aggravated the situation. The intervention-2, however, proved a useful structural measure in this regard.
4 Ashraf, M.; Bhatti, Muhammad Tousif; Shakir, A. S. 2016. River bank erosion and channel evolution in sand-bed braided reach of River Chenab: role of floods during different flow regimes. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 9(2):1-10. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-015-2114-y]
Riverbank protection ; Erosion control ; Flooding ; Landsat ; Imagery ; Sand ; Open channels ; Monsoon climate ; Flow discharge ; Stream flow ; Environmental protection / Pakistan / Chenab River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047488)
(5.03 MB)
Braided reaches of large rivers in alluvial plains show major morphological changes, particularly the external bank erosion, due to the flood events. This paper highlights the bank erosion and channel evolution induced by eleven different flood events in a 7-km long reach of the River Chenab, Pakistan. The impact of floods on river bank erosion and channel evolution is analyzed under low and high flow conditions. Flood-induced changes, for river’s external banks and channel evolution, were assessed by processing Landsat ETM+ images in ArcGIS tool, and their inter-relationship is evaluated through regression analysis. The results revealed that the major morphological changes were triggered by the flood events occurred during the high flow or Monsoon season (July–September), whereas the flood events of similar magnitude occurring during low flow season (October–March) did not induce such changes. Mostly, the erosion remained limited to the middle part of the reach,where the branch channel flows along the bank. The average annual bank erosion rates are much higher as compared with a global scale. Data analysis showed a strong correlation between the mean high flows and total bank erosion indicating that Monsoon seasonal flows and floods are responsible for bank erosion. The present study further identifies the river bank locations highly susceptible to erosion by developing the correlation between bank erosion and branch channel progression. Strong correlation for bank erosion could be established with the shift of branch channels position flowing along the banks in braided reaches of sand bed rivers. However, the presence of sand bars along the river banks resulted in reduced erosion that weakens this relationship. The findings of the present study can help develop better understanding about the bank erosion process and constitute a key element to inform and improve river bank management.
5 Khadse, G. K.; Patni, P. M.; Labhasetwar, P. K. 2016. Water quality assessment of Chenab River and its tributaries in Jammu Kashmir (India) based on WQI [Water Quality Index]. Sustainable Water Resources Management, 2(2):121-126. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-016-0046-7]
Water quality ; Water pollution ; Assessment ; Rivers ; Tributaries ; Bacteriological analysis ; Chemicophysical properties ; Faecal coliforms ; pH ; Turbidity ; Dissolved oxygen ; Nitrates ; Total dissolved solids ; Phosphates / India / Jammu and Kashmir / Chenab River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047910)
(1.06 MB)
An assessment of the water quality has been carried out to explore the water quality index (WQI) of Chenab river and its tributaries in Jammu Kashmir (India). Fourteen water samples from Chenab river and its tributaries at various locations were collected and analyzed for physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters. Nine parameters i.e. BOD, DO, fecal coliforms, nitrate, pH, temperature change, TDS, total phosphate and turbidity were considered for calculating the WQI based on National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) information system. The WQI showed good water quality, except Bichleri stream water indicating that water of Chenab river and its tributaries are least polluted and is suitable for drinking after conventional treatment. The WQI rating of Bichleri stream water is medium as it carries wastewater and may not be useful for domestic use without treatment.
6 Wescoat, J. L. Jr.; Siddiqi, A.; Muhammad, A. 2018. Socio-hydrology of channel flows in complex river basins: rivers, canals, and distributaries in Punjab, Pakistan. Water Resources Research, 54(1):464-479. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR021486]
River basins ; Canals ; Tributaries ; Flow discharge ; Flow measurement ; Hydrology ; Social aspects ; Water supply ; Equity ; Irrigation scheduling ; International agreements ; Treaties / Pakistan / Punjab / Indus River basin / Indo-Gangetic Plains / Jhelum River / Chenab River / Hakra Branch Canal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048589)
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/2017WR021486
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048589.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H048589.pdf
(4.44 MB) (4.44 MB)
This paper presents a socio-hydrologic analysis of channel flows in Punjab province of the Indus River basin in Pakistan. The Indus has undergone profound transformations, from large-scale canal irrigation in the mid-nineteenth century to partition and development of the international river basin in the mid-twentieth century, systems modeling in the late-twentieth century, and new technologies for discharge measurement and data analytics in the early twenty-first century. We address these processes through a socio-hydrologic framework that couples historical geographic and analytical methods at three levels of flow in the Punjab. The first level assesses Indus River inflows analysis from its origins in 1922 to the present. The second level shows how river inflows translate into 10-daily canal command deliveries that vary widely in their conformity with canal entitlements. The third level of analysis shows how new flow measurement technologies raise questions about the performance of established methods of water scheduling (warabandi) on local distributaries. We show how near real-time measurement sheds light on the efficiency and transparency of surface water management. These local socio-hydrologic changes have implications in turn for the larger scales of canal and river inflow management in complex river basins.
7 Dahri, Z. H.; Ludwig, F.; Moors, E.; Ahmad, S.; Ahmad, B.; Ahmad, S.; Riaz, M.; Kabat, P. 2021. Climate change and hydrological regime of the high-altitude Indus Basin under extreme climate scenarios. Science of the Total Environment, 768:144467. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144467]
Climate change ; Hydrological regime ; Precipitation ; Air temperature ; River basins ; Hydrometeorology ; Flow discharge ; Forecasting ; Water availability ; Glaciers ; Snow ; Models ; Uncertainty / Pakistan / India / Afghanistan / Indus Basin / Kabul River / Jhelum River / Chenab River / Karakoram Region / Hindukush Region / Himalayan Region / Kharmong Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050278)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720379985/pdfft?md5=10d2860b7d17b30bdc1e6796a0020e92&pid=1-s2.0-S0048969720379985-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050278.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050278.pdf
(6.91 MB) (6.91 MB)
Climate change is recognized as one of the greatest challenges of 21st century. This study investigated climate and hydrological regimes of the high-altitude Indus basin for the historical period and extreme scenarios of future climate during 21st century. Improved datasets of precipitation and temperature were developed and forced to a fully-distributed physically-based energy-balance Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrological model to simulate the water balance at regional and sub-basin scale. Relative to historical baseline, the results revealed highly contrasting signals of climate and hydrological regime changes. Against an increase of 0.6 °C during the last 40 years, the median annual air temperature is projected to increase further between 0.8 and 5.7 °C by the end of 21st century. Similarly, a decline of 11.9% in annual precipitation is recorded, but future projections are highly conflicting and spatially variable. The Karakoram region is anticipated to receive more precipitation, while SW-Hindukush and parts of W-Himalayan region may experience decline in precipitation. The Model for Interdisciplinary Research On Climate version-5 (MIROC5) generally shows increases, while Max Planck Institute Earth System Model at base resolution (MPI-ESM-LR) indicates decreases in precipitation and river inflows under three Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) of 2.6, 4.5 and 8.5. Indus-Tarbela inflows are more likely to increase compared to Kabul, Jhelum and Chenab river inflows. Substantial increase in the magnitudes of peak flows and one-month earlier attainment is projected for all river gauges. High flows are anticipated to increase under most scenarios, while low flows may decrease for MPI-ESM-LR in Jhelum, Chenab and Kabul river basins. Hence, hydrological extremes are likely to be intensified. Critical modifications in the strategies and action plans for hydropower generation, construction and operation of storage reservoirs, irrigation withdrawals, flood control and drought management will be required to optimally manage water resources in the basin.
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