Your search found 2 records
1 Wudneh, A.; Erkossa, Teklu; Devi, P. 2014. Sediment and nutrient lost by runoff from two watersheds, Digga district in Blue Nile basin, Ethiopia. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 8(9):498-510. [doi: https://doi.org/10.5897/AJEST2014.1747]
Watersheds ; Soil conservation ; Sedimentation ; Erosion ; Runoff ; Soil fertility ; Nutrients ; Phosphorus ; Nitrogen ; Chemical contamination ; Catchment areas ; River basins ; Farmers ; Crop yield ; Maize ; Water conservation / Ethiopia / Blue Nile Basin / Digga District
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046645)
http://www.academicjournals.org/article/article1410538863_Wudneh%20et%20al.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046645.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046645.pdf
(1.06 MB) (1.6 MB)
The study was conducted in two sub watersheds in the Upper Blue Nile Basin in Ethiopia to determine the quantity, quality of sediment lost and its onsite costs in terms of crop yield. Two monitoring stations at the outlets were selected. Discharges were estimated and depth integrated daily runoff samples were collected during the rainy season in 2011. The sediment concentration and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) content was analyzed and related to crop yield using a nutrient response equation for maize (Zea mays). The result shows statistically significant differences in sediment concentration of the two watersheds. Suspended sediment concentration was strongly correlated with the discharge from Chekorsa River (R2 = 0.7) but it was very weak for Dapo. There was higher concentration of nutrients in the sediment than the surface soil in both watersheds. Particularly, sediment enrichment ratio of available P was 2.7 and 9 for Dapo and Chekorsa Rivers, respectively. The estimated yield reduction of maize due to N and P loss was about 950 and 1420, and 1015 and 665 kgha-1 from Dapo and Chekorsa catchments, respectively. Such results are equivalent to an onsite cost to farmers of about 190 and 285 USD ha-1 for Dapo, and 203 and 133 USDha-1 for Chekorsa catchments in that order. This monetary value can alert farmers and decision makers to take soil and water conservation measures.
2 Erkossa, Teklu; Wudneh, A.; Desalegn, B.; Taye, G. 2015. Linking soil erosion to on-site financial cost: lessons from watersheds in the Blue Nile Basin. Solid Earth, 6:765-774. [doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/se-6-765-2015]
Erosion ; Financing ; Costs ; Watersheds ; Water management ; Water conservation ; River basins ; Plant nutrition ; Sediment ; Runoff ; Crop yield ; Farmers ; Land use ; Land management ; Highlands ; Farmers ; Case studies / Ethiopia / Blue Nile Basin / Dapo Watershed / Meja Watershed / Mizewa Watershed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047071)
(2.14 MB) (2.13 MB)
The study was conducted in three watersheds (Dapo, Meja and Mizewa) in the Ethiopian part of the Blue Nile Basin to estimate the on-site cost of soil erosion using the productivity change approach, in which crop yield reduction due to plant nutrients lost with the sediment and runoff has been analysed. For this purpose, runoff measurement and sampling was conducted during the main rainy season of 2011 at the outlet of two to three sub-watersheds in each watershed. The sediment concentration of the runoff, and N and P contents in runoff and sediment were determined. Crop response functions were developed for the two plant nutrients based on data obtained from the nearest Agricultural Research Centres. The response functions were used to estimate crop yield reduction as a result of the lost N and P assuming there is no compensation through fertilization. The results show a significant yield reduction and resultant financial loss to the farmers. Considering only grain yield of maize (Zea mays), farmers at Dapo annually lose about USD 220 ha-1 and 150 ha-1 due to the loss of N and P, respectively. In view of the importance of the crop residues, including as feed, the loss can be even greater. The study demonstrated that in addition to the long-term deterioration of land quality, the annual financial loss suffered by farmers is substantial. Therefore, on farm soil and water conservation measures that are suitable in biophysical and socio-economic terms in the landscapes and beyond need to be encouraged.
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