Your search found 10 records
1 Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Yilma, A. D.; Loulseged, M.; Loiskandl, W.; Ayana, M.; Alamirew, T.. 2007. Water resources and irrigation development in Ethiopia. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 66p. (IWMI Working Paper 123) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.305]
Water resources ; Water potential ; River basins ; Lakes ; Reservoirs ; Water use ; Irrigation programs / Ethiopia / Abbay River Basin / Awash River Basin / Denakil River Basin / Genale Dawa River Basin / Wabi Shebele River Basin / Baro Akobo River Basin / Tekeze River Basin / Omo Ghibe River Basin / Rift Valley Basin / Mereb River Basin / Aysha River Basin / Ogaden River Basin / Amhara Regional State Irrigation Scheme / Oromia Region Irrigation Scheme / Tigray Region Irrigation Scheme
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7 G136 AWU Record No: H040631)
(462KB)
2 Alamirew, T.; Edossa, D. C.; Beshah, T.; Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele. 2008. Status of irrigation institutions and support services in Ethiopia. [Abstract only]. In Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Loulseged, Makonnen; Yilma, Aster Denekew (Comps.). Impact of irrigation on poverty and environment in Ethiopia: draft proceedings of the symposium and exhibition, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 27-29 November 2007. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.260-261.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044079)
(0.06 MB)
3 Checkol, G.; Alamirew, T.. 2008. Technical and institutional evaluation of Geray Irrigation Scheme in West Gojjam Zone, Amhara Region. In Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Loulseged, Makonnen; Yilma, Aster Denekew (Comps.). Impact of irrigation on poverty and environment in Ethiopia: draft proceedings of the symposium and exhibition, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 27-29 November 2007. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.342-353.
Irrigation schemes ; Canals ; Performance evaluation / Ethiopia / West Gojjam Zone / Amhara Region / Geray Irrigation Scheme
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044100)
(0.27 MB)
The technical and institutional performance evaluation of Geray Irrigation Scheme was made in order to identify management practices for implementation to improve the system operation and the general health of the irrigation system. The evaluation was made by looking into the selected performance indicators such as conveyance efficiency, application efficiency, water delivery performance, and maintenance indicators. The availability of institutional and support services were also investigated through a questionnaire administered to beneficiary farmers and other stakeholders. The results obtained showed that the main and tertiary canal conveyance efficiencies were 92 and 82 percents respectively. Many of the secondary and tertiary canals are poorly maintained and many of the structures are dysfunctional. Application efficiency monitored on three farmers’ plot located at different ends of a given secondary canal ranges from 44 to 57 percent. Water delivery performance was only 71 percent showing a very substantial reduction from the design of the canal capacity. Maintenance indicator evaluated in terms of water level change (31.9%) and effectiveness of the infrastructures showed that the scheme management was in a very poor shape. Dependability of the scheme evaluated in terms of duration and irrigation interval showed that the scheme is performing below the intended level. The 47 percent of the land initially planned for development is currently under irrigation while there is no change in the water supply indicating that the sustainability of the scheme is in doubt. The cooperative support services that had been rendered to the beneficiaries in the past four years were found to be minimal. Moreover, there were few indicators that show the production was market oriented. The evaluation clearly revealed the fact that conflict resolution remains to be the duty of the Kebele authorities and WUA has no legal right to enforce its bylaws. In conclusion, the overall technical adequacy of the scheme is rated very poor requiring tremendous mobilization of the community to sustainably manage it. Proper institutional setup needs to be in place, and WUA needs to be empowered more in order to enforce its by-laws.
4 Teso, E.; Alamirew, T.; Olumana, M. 2014. Predicting runoff yield using SWAT model and evaluation of Boru Dodota Spate Irrigation Scheme, Arsi Zone, southeastern Ethiopia. In Erkossa, Teklu; Hagos, Fitsum; Lefore, Nicole. (Eds.). Proceedings of the Workshop on Flood-based Farming for Food Security and Adaption to Climate Change in Ethiopia: Potential and Challenges, Adama, Ethiopia, 30-31 October 2013. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.95-113.
Irrigation schemes ; Spate irrigation ; Runoff ; Catchment areas ; Water yield ; Runoff ; Forecasting ; Hydrology ; Models ; Soils ; Meteorological data ; Watersheds ; Water balance ; Rain ; Land use ; Rivers ; Flow discharge / Southeastern Ethiopia / Arsi Zone / Boru Dodota Spate Irrigation Scheme / Boru River / Keleta River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H046942)
(304 KB)
For strategic planning and decision making on water-related development projects systematic assessment of the availability of water resources is imperative. Nevertheless, such information is rarely available for many of the subbasins in Ethiopia. Hence, ungauged catchments need to be modeled using hydrologic models. This study was initiated with the objective of calibrating and validating SWAT model on Keleta River gauged watershed (about 761.89 km2 ) so that it can be used to predict runoff on a monthly, seasonal and annual basis, and evaluate the Boru Dodota spate irrigation scheme that has a similar hydrometeorological condition with the Keleta Watershed. Keleta River’s observed flow data were used for sensitivity analysis, model calibration and validation. The result of model performance analysis demonstrated a good agreement between the average monthly simulated and measured values: Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiencies (NSE) of 0.71 for calibration and 0.73 for validation periods. Moreover, the coefficients of determination (R2 ), 0.73 and 0.76, were obtained during the same period. The calibrated parameter on the gauged catchment was in turn used to estimate runoff yield of the ungauged catchment. The simulated mean monthly and average annual water yields of the Boru River Watershed were found to be 0.53 and 6.4 m3 s-1, respectively. The 70% dependable wet season water yield of the catchment was 3.41 m3 s-1, and crop water requirement of the command area was 1.2 ls-1ha-1. The water yield from the catchment can irrigate only 2,842 ha of land out of the pre-designed 5,000 ha of land of the Boru Dodota spate irrigation scheme. In conclusion the SWAT model can be used to analyze ungauged watershed runoff yield in areas that have similar hydrometeorological characteristics as those of the Keleta Watershed in the region. The information obtained can then be used to redesign the spate system or a conventional irrigation system.
5 Mersha, A. N.; de Fraiture, C.; Mehari, A.; Masih, I.; Alamirew, T.. 2016. Integrated water resources management: contrasting principles, policy, and practice, Awash River Basin, Ethiopia. Water Policy, 18(2):335-354. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wp.2015.049]
Integrated management ; Water resources ; Water management ; Water policy ; River basins ; Water authorities ; Institutional reform ; Strategies ; Planning ; Water users ; Stakeholders ; Regulations ; Environmental effects / Ethiopia / Awash River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047559)
(0.60 MB)
Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) has been a dominant paradigm for water sector reform worldwide over the past two decades. Ethiopia, among early adopters, has developed a water policy, legislations, and strategy per IWRM core principles. However, considerable constraints are still in its way of realization. This paper investigates the central challenges facing IWRM implementation in the Awash Basin analyzing the discrepancy between IWRM principles, the approach followed in Ethiopia and its practice in the Awash Basin. A decade and a half since its adoption, the Ethiopian IWRM still lacks a well-organized and robust legal system for implementation. Unclear and overlapping institutional competencies as well as a low level of stakeholders’ awareness on policy contents and specific mandates of implementing institutions have prevented the Basin Authority from fully exercising its role as the prime institute for basin level water management. As a result, coordination between stakeholders, a central element of the IWRM concept, is lacking. Insufficient management instruments and planning tools for the operational function of IWRM are also among the major hurdles in the process. This calls for rethinking and action on key elements of the IWRM approach to tackle the implementation challenges.
6 Beyene, A. A.; Verhoest, N. E. C.; Tilahun, S.; Alamirew, T.; Adgo, E.; Nyssen, J. 2019. Irrigation efficiency and shallow groundwater in anisotropic floodplain soils near Lake Tana, Ethiopia. Irrigation and Drainage, 68(2):365-378. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.2320]
Irrigation schemes ; Irrigation efficiency ; Floodplains ; Groundwater table ; Groundwater recharge ; Water levels ; Surface water ; Soil chemicophysical properties ; Soil moisture ; Evapotranspiration / Ethiopia / Lake Tana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049344)
(0.81 MB)
Field experiments were conducted (December 2014 to May 2015) in a small irrigation scheme (60 ha) to study the effect of flood irrigation on anisotropic soils with shallow groundwater in the Lake Tana floodplains of Ethiopia. Irrigation (470 ± 33 mm) was measured using V-notches; rainfall did not occur, and the groundwater table was monitored daily using piezometers to estimate recharge from irrigated onion fields using the groundwater table fluctuation method. Recharge was influenced by applied irrigation amount, groundwater table depth, seasonal temperature variations, irrigation application efficiency and crop growth stages. The decreased deep percolation during the hottest periods and peak growth stages negatively influenced the reduction in groundwater decline caused by irrigation. The soil anisotropy also played a major role in the recharge amount: despite clay dominance in the topsoils, rapid groundwater table rises (0.02–0.56 m) were due to the presence of granular and blocky structures. Recharge was also influenced by irrigation efficiency, indicating higher recharge during periods of lower efficiency. The seasonal recharge was 34–46% of applied irrigation and there is much room for improving irrigation efficiency which is only 46 (±12) to 51 (±17)%.
7 Mersha, A. N.; de Fraiture, C.; Masih, I.; Alamirew, T.. 2021. Dilemmas of integrated water resources management implementation in the Awash River Basin, Ethiopia: irrigation development versus environmental flows. Water and Environment Journal, 35(1):402-416. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/wej.12638]
Integrated management ; Water resources ; Water management ; Environmental flows ; Irrigation ; River basins ; Food security ; Sustainable development ; Water availability ; Water demand ; Water use ; Water allocation ; Stakeholders ; Policies ; Institutions ; Legal aspects ; Social aspects ; Political aspects ; Awareness ; Ecosystems / Ethiopia / Awash River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050256)
(2.08 MB)
Environmental flows allocation is an intrinsic part of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). This paper analyses socio-political issues and effects of environmental flows integration on water availability under the context of increased agricultural intensification in an effort to tackle food insecurity. Lack of appropriate framework comprising the procedural requirements and strategic directions as well as prevalence of politically motivated ad hoc development programmes are among major challenges identified. Introducing environmental flows to a perceived satisfactory level would result in a significant increase of unmet irrigation water demand, yet, “productivity first” norm overtakes. This is presumed to be due to skewed focus on irrigation expansion and low awareness on the possible consequences. The particular challenges highlighted generally unveil the inherent contradictions in the IWRM concept putting its claim that the set of principles and entire course stand universally accepted as a means to balance socio-economic and environmental outcomes under question.
8 Bantider, A.; Haileslassie, Amare; Alamirew, T.; Zeleke, G. 2021. Soil and water conservation and sustainable development. In Filho, W. L.; Azul, A. M.; Brandli, L.; Salvia, A. L.; Wall, T. (Eds.). Clean water and sanitation. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. 13p. (Online first). (Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70061-8_138-1]
Soil conservation ; Water conservation ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Soil management ; Water management ; Sustainable land management ; Soil erosion ; Land degradation ; Watersheds ; Indigenous peoples' knowledge ; Participatory research ; Technology ; Policies
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050434)
(0.39 MB)
9 Palmer (Tally), C.; Tanner, J.; Akanmu, J.; Alamirew, T.; Bamutaze, Y.; Banadda, N.; Cleaver, F.; Faye, S.; Kabenge, I.; Kane, A.; Longe, E.; Nobert, J.; Nsengimana, V.; Speight, V.; Weston, S.; Winter, K.; Woldu, Z. 2023. The adaptive systemic approach: catalysing more just and sustainable outcomes from sustainability and natural resources development research. River Research and Applications, 15p. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.4178]
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052053)
(2.42 MB) (2.42 MB)
It has become increasingly common to include participatory processes, several academic disciplines, and additional wide-ranging ways of knowing, in using research to tackle the escalating environmental problems of the 21st Century. There are barriers to the success of these efforts. In this paper we present the Adaptive Systemic Approach (ASA). The ASA is designed to provide a clear pathway for research related to sustainability issues, river basin problems and natural resource development, and to deliver change towards improved ecological health and social justice outcomes. The design of the ASA rests on three key concepts: complex social-ecological systems, transdisciplinarity, and transformative social learning, together with Strategic Adaptive Management as the theoretically consistent operational process. We identify logical connections between the concepts and Strategic Adaptive Management so that the ASA emerges as a coherent and practical research and praxis pathway. The ASA process is then outlined to support uptake and wider application. We present findings from ASA praxis in a collaborative African research program considering river basin problems in seven countries, where key contextual learnings led to the recognition of five barriers to effective research impact outcomes: (1) Lack of an integrative conceptual grounding. (2) Participatory stakeholder engagement flawed by epistemic injustice. (3) Inadequate transdisciplinary team building. (4) Insufficient inclusion of learning, reflection, and systemic adaptation. (5) Inflated claims of probable impact in terms of creating change towards improved ecological health and social justice. We reflect on the ways the ASA contributes to breaching these barriers. Early key learnings from ASA praxis leads us to suggest that the ASA has practical value for policy makers, practitioners and researchers seeking pathways for fair and sustainable river management, and more broadly in natural resource development.
10 Berhanu, D.; Alamirew, T.; Taye, Meron Teferi; Tibebe, D.; Gebrehiwot, S.; Zeleke, G. 2023. Evaluation of CMIP6 models in reproducing observed rainfall over Ethiopia. Journal of Water and Climate Change, 14(8):2583-2605. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2023.502]
Climate models ; Performance assessment ; Evaluation ; Rainfall patterns ; Spatial distribution ; Trends ; Precipitation ; Seasonal variation ; Datasets ; Climate change / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052162)
https://iwaponline.com/jwcc/article-pdf/14/8/2583/1277280/jwc0142583.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052162.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H052162.pdf
(1.79 MB) (1.79 MB)
Ethiopia is highly susceptible to the effects of climate change and variability. This study evaluated the performances of 37 CMIP6 models against a gridded rainfall product of Ethiopia known as Enhancing National Climate Services (ENACTS) in simulating the observed rainfall from 1981 to 2014. Taylor Skill Score was used for ranking the performance of individual models for mean monthly, June–September, and February–May seasonal rainfall. Comprehensive rating metrics (RM) were used to derive the overall ranks of the models. Results show that the performances of the models were not consistent in reproducing rainfall distributions at different statistical metrics and timeframes. More than 20 models simulated the largest dry bias on high topographic and rainfall-receiving areas of the country during the June–September season. The RM-based overall ranks of CMIP6 models showed that GFDL-CM4 is the best-performing model followed by GFDL-ESM4, NorESM2-MM, and CESM2 in simulating rainfall over Ethiopia. The ensemble of these four Global Climate Models showed the best performance in representing the spatiotemporal patterns of the observed rainfall relative to the ensembles of all models. Generally, this study highlighted the existence of dry bias in climate model projections for Ethiopia, which requires bias adjustment of the models, for impact assessment.
Powered by DB/Text WebPublisher, from
