Your search found 10 records
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H044898)
(3.85 MB) (207MB)
The aim of the set of modules is to cover useful elements of AWM from estimating runoff at micro and small watershed level up to irrigated field water management. The modules thus aim at covering water availability estimnation, water control and management, soil-water-plant relationship, water lifting and conveyance and irrigation methods. Each module is divided into a number of chapters and illustrated with figures, tables charts and examples. The modules are also useful as a reference and teaching material at technical, vocational, educational, and training centres and as a field guide. The publication extensively use existing knowledge in the form of texts, figures, demonstration materials derived from various sources such as books, grey literature such as web material, reports, manuals etc. specifically they have immensely used materials from FAO, ICRISAT and IWMI documentations with or without citation to the specific references.
2 Sharma, P. N. (Ed.) 1997. Participatory processes for integrated watershed management. Kathmandu, Nepal: FAO. Participatory Watershed Management Training in Asia (PWMTA) Program. 96p. (FAO PWMTA-FARM Field Document 7)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 SHA Record No: H046343)
3 Hoff, P. 2009. CO2: a gift from heaven: the blue CO2 booklet. Delft, Netherlands: Eburon Academic Publishers. 144p.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 363.7392 G000 HOF Record No: H046474)
(0.27 MB)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 630 G000 INT Record No: H046693)
(16.90 MB) (16.9 MB)
5 Vayda, A. P. 2009. Explaining human actions and environmental changes. Lanham, MD, USA: AltaMira Press. 303p.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 304.2 G000 VAY Record No: H047655)
(0.34 MB)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047784)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047824)
(807 KB)
Vietnam has pilot-tested a payment for forest environmental services (PFES) program in an effort to restore and protect forest areas, some of which have been severely degraded by the excessive cutting of trees by small-scale farmers planting annual crops on steep, sloping lands. The pilot program implemented in southern Vietnam seems to be successful, yet the program in northern Vietnam has not produced the desired rates of planting and maintaining forest areas. The reasons for these mixed results include differences in socio-economic characteristics and also the production and marketing opportunities available to rural households in the project areas. To gain insight regarding program participation, we examine the household-level opportunity costs of planting and maintaining small plots of forest trees in northern Vietnam. We find that small-scale farmers in Hoa Binh Province, with limited financial resources, prefer the annual revenue stream provided by crops such as maize and cassava, rather than waiting for 7 years to obtain revenue from a forest planting. Farmers in Son La Province, with limited access to markets, prefer annual crops because they are not able to sell bamboo shoots and other forest products harvested from their small plots. In both provinces, the payments offered for planting and maintaining forest trees are smaller than the opportunity costs of planting and harvesting annual crops. Thus, most households likely would choose not to participate in the PFES program, at current payment rates, if given the opportunity to decline.
8 Negussie, A.; Achten, W. M. J.; Norgrove, L.; Mekuria, Wolde; Hadgu, K. M.; De Both, G.; Leroy, B.; Hermy, M.; Muys, B. 2016. Initial effects of fertilization and canopy management on flowering and seed and oil yields of Jatropha curcas L. in Malawi. BioEnergy Research, 9:1231-1240. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-016-9767-6]
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047879)
Appropriate canopy management, including planting density and pruning, and application of fertilizer may increase flowering success and seed and oil yields of Jatropha curcasL.Twofieldexperimentswereperformedfrom2009to 2011 in Balaka, Malawi, to assess the effect of planting density and pruning regime and single fertilizer application (N, P, and K) on male and female flower number and seed and oil yields of J. curcas. Planting density influenced flower sex ratio and female flower number. Branch pruning treatments did not influence the flower sex ratio but reduced seed and final oil yield by 55 % in the following year. It is claimed that J.curcas can be grown on soils with low nutrient content, but this study revealed that yield was low for non-fertilized trees. WeobservedhigherseedandoilyieldsathigherNapplication rates(upto203±42%seedand204±45%oilyieldincrease) compared with the non-fertilized control. The study suggests thatcurrentlyusedheavypruningpracticeisnotrecommended for J.curcas cultivation, although it needs further longer term investigation. Applying nitrogen fertilizer is effective in increasing yield.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048909)
(1.25 MB)
Irrigation experiments were conducted during November to April under wheat crop in the winter season of 2012-13 and 2013-14 in the farmer’s field at Galibkhedi village located in Karnal District, Haryana State, India. In the study, collapsible multi-outlet pipe (MOP) along with single outlets pipe (SOP) was tested in farmer’s field under wheat cultivation. Irrigation was carried out in five treatments including tillage (T) with SOP and MOP; zero-tillage (ZT) with SOP and MOP, and furrow irrigation with raised bed (FIRB). Iso-time profile of waterfront spreading and advance indicated that irrigation water distribution was uniform under the plot irrigated using MOP as compared to plot irrigated using SOP. In addition, water distribution was uniform under zero tilled plots as compared to tilled plot. Results implied that MOP has several advantages over SOP in terms of application efficiency (AE) and uniformity of water distribution. Average application efficiency for the first study year was found to be in the order of ZT-MOP (82.41%) > FIRB (76.79%) > ZT-SOP (75.25%) > T-MOP (74.85%) > T-SOP (69.79%). Average application efficien-cy for the second study year was found to be in the same order as first year with some deviation in values. In the second year values of mean application efficiencies were ZT-MOP (82.58%) > FIRB (77.13%) > ZT-SOP (73.04%) > T-MOP (69.65%) > T-SOP (66.13%). Overall, this study concludes that irrigation under wheat crop using collapsible multi-outlet pipe (MOP) with zero tillage practices is a suitable option for surface irrigation that accomplishes uniform distribution of water with higher application efficiency.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049677)
(0.34 MB)
Crops, livestock and seafood are major contributors to global economy. Agriculture and fisheries are especially dependent on climate. Thus, elevated temperatures and carbon dioxide levels can have large impacts on appropriate nutrient levels, soil moisture, water availability and various other critical performance conditions. Changes in drought and flood frequency and severity can pose severe challenges to farmers and threaten food safety. In addition, increasingly warmer water temperatures are likely to shift the habitat ranges of many fish and shellfish species, ultimately disrupting ecosystems. In general, climate change will probably have negative implications for farming, animal husbandry and fishing. The effects of climate change must be taken into account as a key aspect along with other evolving factors with a potential impact on agricultural production, such as changes in agricultural practices and technology; all of them with a serious impact on food availability and price. This review is intended to provide critical and timely information on climate change and its implications in the food production/consumption system, paying special attention to the available mitigation strategies.
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