Your search found 7 records
1 Karimov, Akmal; Simunek, J.; Hanjra, Munir A.; Avliyakulov, M.; Forkutsa, I. 2014. Effects of the shallow water table on water use of winter wheat and ecosystem health: implications for unlocking the potential of groundwater in the Fergana Valley (Central Asia). Agricultural Water Management, 131:57-69.
Groundwater table ; Water use ; Water productivity ; River basins ; Ecosystems ; Health ; Irrigated land ; Crops ; Evapotranspiration ; Evaporation ; Winter wheat ; Soil salinity ; Land management / Central Asia / Uzbekistan / Fergana Valley / Syrdarya River
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046205)
(2.33 MB)
This paper analyzes the effect of the shallow water table on water use of the winter wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) that has replaced alfalfa (Medicago sativa) on the irrigated lands of the Fergana Valley,upstream of the Syrdarya River, in Central Asia. The effect of the shallow water table is investigated using HYDRUS-1D. Numerical simulations show that the contribution of the groundwater to evapotranspiration increases with a rising water table and decreases with increasing irrigation applications. Under irrigation conditions, an increase in the groundwater evapotranspiration is associated mainly with an increase in evaporation loss, causing a buildup of salinity in the crop root zone. Evaporation losses from fields planted with winter wheat after the harvest amount up to 45–47% of total evaporation thus affecting soil salinity and ecosystem health. Promoting the use of groundwater for irrigation in order to lowerthe groundwater table is suggested to achieve water savings from the change in the cropping pattern.Unlocking the potential of groundwater for irrigation in the Fergana Valley can also contribute toward managing soil salinity and improving the health and resilience of water, land and ecosystems of water,land and ecosystems (WLE).
2 Platonov, Alexander; Wegerich, Kai; Kazbekov, Jusipbek; Kabilov, Firdavs. 2014. Beyond the state order?: second crop production in the Ferghana Valley, Uzbekistan. International Journal of Water Governance, 2:83-104. [doi: https://doi.org/10.7564/14-IJWG58]
Crop production ; Irrigated land ; Cash crops ; Cotton ; Winter wheat ; Food policies ; Farmers ; State intervention ; Water resources ; Water user associations / Central Asia / Uzbekistan / Ferghana Valley
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046615)
(2.38 MB)
After independence in 1991, Uzbekistan introduced a policy on food security and consequently reduced the irrigated area allocated to cotton and increased the area of winter wheat. Shifting to winter wheat allowed farmers to grow a second crop outside the state-order system. The second crops are the most profitable and therefore farmers tried to maximize the area grown to this second crop. Although the second crops are the most profitable, only few studies have focused on this topic. Evidence is presented which shows that state control of crops has been extended from the main crops, cotton and wheat, to the second crops. Satellite images used for classification of main crops in two provinces of the Ferghana Valley for 2006–2011, highlight that the area utilized for second crops is dependent on the infrastructure that enables access to the water resource, not on the area’s position within the irrigation system.
3 Liu, Q.; Yan, C.; Yang, J.; Mei, X.; Hao, W.; Ju, H. 2015. Impacts of climate change on crop water requirements in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, China. In Hoanh, Chu Thai; Johnston, Robyn; Smakhtin, Vladimir. Climate change and agricultural water management in developing countries. Wallingford, UK: CABI. pp.48-62. (CABI Climate Change Series 8)
Climate change ; Water requirements ; Weather ; Meteorological stations ; Crop production ; Evapotranspiration ; Winter wheat ; Precipitation ; Solar radiation ; Wind speed ; Relative humidity ; Temperature / China / Huang-Huai-Hai Plain
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047371)
(740 KB)
4 Xia, J.; Mo, X.; Wang, J.; Luo, X. 2015. Impacts of climate change and adaptation in agricultural water management in North China. In Hoanh, Chu Thai; Johnston, Robyn; Smakhtin, Vladimir. Climate change and agricultural water management in developing countries. Wallingford, UK: CABI. pp.63-77. (CABI Climate Change Series 8)
Climate change adaptation ; Sustainable agriculture ; Water management ; Water scarcity ; Water use efficiency ; Water stress ; Water rights ; Water rates ; Water conservation ; Food production ; Maize ; Winter wheat ; Evapotranspiration ; Irrigation management / China
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047372)
(704 KB)
5 Jalil, A.; Akhtar, F.; Awan, U. K. 2020. Evaluation of the AquaCrop model for winter wheat under different irrigation optimization strategies at the downstream Kabul River Basin of Afghanistan. Agricultural Water Management, 240:106321. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106321]
Irrigation scheduling ; Strategies ; Winter wheat ; Crop water use ; Water productivity ; Models ; Water scarcity ; Deficit irrigation ; Irrigation water ; Irrigated sites ; Soil moisture ; River basins ; Farmers ; Biomass production / Afghanistan / Kabul River Basin / Attawor Irrigation Scheme
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050211)
(1.81 MB)
Afghanistan has an arid to semi-arid climate where irrigated agriculture largely depends on scarce irrigation water supplies from snowmelt from the high raised mountains. Under growing water scarcity, farmers not only need to use the available water more wisely but have to develop alternative options for coping water scarcity. Deficit irrigation schedule can be one of the options to mitigate the adverse impacts of water scarcity on crop production. In the current study, FAO’s crop water productivity model (AquaCrop) was calibrated and validated with field data in Kabul River Basin (KRB) for wheat crop to simulate four different water scarcity scenarios (S-A: business-as-usual scenario, S-B: refilling the soil profile to field capacity upon 50 % water depletion, S-C: refilling the soil profile upon 100 % depletion and S-D: refilling the soil profile upon 130 % depletion occurrence) for resultant yield, water productivity (WP) and biomass production. Two wheat fields, namely A and B were monitored intensively for soil moisture content, meteorological situation, irrigation application and post-harvest data. Results show that the measured WP was 1.4 kg m-3 ETa and 1.5 kg m-3 ETa whereas, the actual (measured) water use efficiency (WUE) was 0.58 kg m-3 and 0.66 kg m-3 for Field A and Field B, respectively. The WP of the scenarios S-A, S-B, S-C and S-D was 2.0-2.1 kg m-3 ETa (for plot B and A), 2.5 kg m-3 ETa, 2.74 kg m-3 ETa and 2.8 kg m-3 ETa respectively. Similarly, yield under these scenarios was 6.4 ton ha-1 , 8.7 ton ha-1 , 7.4 ton ha-1 and 6.7 ton ha-1 respectively while the above ground biomass was 21.3 ton ha-1 , 21.8 ton ha-1 , 19 ton ha-1 and 18.3 ton ha-1 respectively. As a consequence, WP could increase by 92.8 %, 78 % and 95 % in S-B, S-C and S-D, respectively with reference to the measured WP. The optimized scenarios developed in this study can provide guidelines for policy makers and farming communities to mitigate the adverse impact of water scarcity through such innovative interventions.
6 Wing, I. S.; Cian, E. D.; Mistry, M. N. 2021. Global vulnerability of crop yields to climate change. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 109:102462. (Online first) [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2021.102462]
Climate change ; Crop yield ; Vulnerability ; Adaptation ; Agroclimatic zones ; Precipitation ; Temperature ; Soybeans ; Maize ; Rice ; Spring wheat ; Winter wheat ; Econometric models / Americas / Africa / Asia / Europe / USA
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050417)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0095069621000450/pdfft?md5=0cd5f414756599786b1b755546364e16&pid=1-s2.0-S0095069621000450-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050417.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050417.pdf
(5.21 MB) (5.21 MB)
Using a newly-available panel dataset of gridded annual crop yields in conjunction with a dynamic econometric model that distinguishes between farmers' short-run and long-run responses to weather shocks and accounts for adaptation, we investigate the risk to global crop yields from climate warming. Over broad spatial domains we observe only slight moderation of short-run impacts by farmers' long-run adjustments. In the absence of additional margins of adaptation beyond those pursued historically, projections constructed using an ensemble of 21 climate model simulations suggest that the climate change could reduce global crop yields by 3–12% by mid-century and 11–25% by century's end, under a vigorous warming scenario.
7 Shoukat, M. R.; Cai, D.; Shafeeque, Muhammad; Habib-ur-Rahman, M.; Yan, H. 2022. Warming climate and elevated CO2 will enhance future winter wheat yields in North China Region. Atmosphere, 13(8):1275. (Special issue: Adaptation for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture in a Changing Climate-Volume 2) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13081275]
Climate change adaptation ; Carbon dioxide ; Winter wheat ; Crop yield ; Crop modelling ; Climate models ; Forecasting ; Temperature ; Precipitation ; Irrigation water ; Nitrogen ; Fertilizers ; Socioeconomic development / China / Beijing
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051379)
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/13/8/1275/pdf?version=1660737785
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051379.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051379.pdf
(13.70 MB) (13.7 MB)
The projected climate change substantially impacts agricultural productivity and global food security. The cropping system models (CSM) can help estimate the effects of the changing climate on current and future crop production. The current study evaluated the impact of a projected climate change under shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) scenarios (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5) on the grain yield of winter wheat in the North China Plain by adopting the CSM-DSSAT CERES-Wheat model. The model was calibrated and evaluated using observed data of winter wheat experiments from 2015 to 2017 in which nitrogen fertigation was applied to various growth stages of winter wheat. Under the near-term (2021–2040), mid-term (2041–2060), and long-term (2081–2100) SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios, the future climate projections were based on five global climate models (GCMs) of the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). The GCMs projected an increase in grain yield with increasing temperature and precipitation in the near-term, mid-term, and long-term projections. In the mid-term, 13% more winter wheat grain yield is predicted under 1.3 C, and a 33 mm increase in temperature and precipitation, respectively, compared with the baseline period (1995–2014). The increasing CO2 concentration trends projected an increase in average grain yield from 4 to 6%, 4 to 14%, and 2 to 34% in the near-term, mid-term, and long-term projections, respectively, compared to the baseline. The adaptive strategies were also analyzed, including three irrigation levels (200, 260, and 320 mm), three nitrogen fertilizer rates (275, 330, and 385 kg ha-1 ), and four sowing times (September 13, September 23, October 3, and October 13). An adaptive strategy experiments indicated that sowing winter wheat on October 3 (traditional planting time) and applying 275 kg ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer and 260 mm irrigation water could positively affect the grain yield in the North China Plain. These findings are beneficial in decision making to adopt and implement the best management practices to mitigate future climate change impacts on wheat grain yields.
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