Your search found 4 records
1 Akbar, S.; Abbas, A.; Hanjra, M. A.; Khan, S. 2013. Structured analysis of seepage losses in irrigation supply channels for cost-effective investments: case studies from the Southern Murray-Darling Basin of Australia. Irrigation Science, 31(1):11-25. [doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00271-011-0290-4]
Irrigation systems ; Irrigation channels ; Irrigated sites ; Soil texture ; Seepage loss ; Economic aspects ; Investment ; River basins ; Water conservation ; Groundwater ; Catchment areas ; Wastewater treatment / Australia / Murray-Darling Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045578)
(1.01 MB)
Much of inland Australia has been in perpetual drought since 1997 except during 2010 when above average rainfall occurred. It has been the worst drought since 1788 when European settlement began. Water scarcity poses a serious threat to the sustainability of the irrigated agriculture in major irrigation systems across the Murray-Darling Basin (MDB). There is a need for water-saving measures and a structured approach to assess water loss in earthen supply channels. This paper presents such an approach to assess and reduce seepage losses for improving irrigation efficiencies. Main elements of this approach are the following: field measurements, hydrologic modelling, potential options for seepage reduction, economic analysis and financing water-saving investments. Using data from two irrigation systems in the southern MDB, a case is made for reducing seepage water losses in irrigation supply channels in a cost-effective manner using low-cost technologies. Increasing the level of security for investments in water-saving programs provides incentives to key stakeholders to achieve water-saving targets. Considering the value of water recovered from reducing seepage loss at irrigation system level, this study demonstrates how reducing just one component (seepage) from the total water losses in irrigation systems can help improve water supplies as well as the environmental flows. Potential options for financing infrastructure improvement for saving irrigation water are proposed and discussed.
2 Abbas, A.; Khan, S.; Hussain, N.; Hanjra, M. A.; Akbar, S.. 2011. Characterizing soil salinity in irrigated agriculture using a remote sensing approach. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 10p. (Online first). [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2010.12.00]
Soil salinity ; Irrigated farming ; Land use ; Remote sensing ; Satellite surveys ; Waterlogging ; Reclamation ; Groundwater ; Water quality ; Water table ; Environmental effects / Pakistan / Indus Basin / Faisalabad / Punjab
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045614)
(1.72 MB)
Managing salinity in irrigated agriculture is crucial for minimising its negative environmental impacts and for ensuring the long-term sustainability of irrigated agriculture. It demands establishing rapid monitoring systems that help develop sustainable management plans. Remote sensing offers several advantages over the conventional proximal methods to map and predict areas at salinity risk. This paper presents an integrated approach to characterize soil salinity using remotely-sensed data in the District Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. The IRS-1B LISS-II digital data was acquired and analysed in combination with field data and topographical maps. Remotely-sensed data based salinity indices or band combinations were developed to monitor the occurrence pattern of salt-affected soils. Using supervised maximum likelihood classification, the images were classified into eight land use classes with an overall accuracy of around 90%. The classified images showed that 22.2% of the total area was under salt-affected soils in 1992. The occurrence pattern of salt-affected soils varied with positive and negative trends during 1992–1995 to a minimum of 10.6%. The delineation analysis into levels of saline soils revealed three types based on USDA classification (USDA, 1954). The slightly saline, moderately saline and strongly saline soils during 1992 were in the order of 15%, 3%, and 1% respectively. The interactive behaviour of salinity and sodicity and their combinations showed that saline-sodic soils occurred predominantly ranging from 6.9% to 17.3% of the salt-affected soils. The shallow watertable was found to be of hazardous quality in 28% of the study area. The relationship between salt-affected soils, waterlogged soils and groundwater quality revealed that 60–70% of the salt-affected soils occurred in shallow watertable areas during 1992–1995. The reuse of poor quality groundwater for irrigation and the failure of tile drainage system in the area are likely to further increase the risk of salinisation in the Indus Basin of Pakistan.
3 Akbar, S.; Abbas, A.; Hanjra, M. A.; Khan, S. 2013. Structured analysis of seepage losses in irrigation supply channels for cost-effective investments: case studies from the southern Murray-Darling Basin of Australia. Irrigation Science, 31(1):11-25. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-011-0290-4]
Seepage loss ; River basins ; Drought ; Rain ; Irrigation systems ; Models ; Policy ; Groundwater ; Water table ; Water rates ; Water saving / Australia / Murray-Darling Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: PER Record No: H046018)
(1.05 MB)
Much of inland Australia has been in perpetual drought since 1997 except during 2010 when above average rainfall occurred. It has been the worst drought since 1788 when European settlement began. Water scarcity poses a serious threat to the sustainability of the irrigated agriculture in major irrigation systems across the MurrayDarling Basin (MDB). There is a need for water-saving measures and a structured approach to assess water loss in earthen supply channels. This paper presents such an approach to assess and reduce seepage losses for improving irrigation ef ciencies. Main elements of this approach are the following: eld measurements, hydrologic modelling, potential options for seepage reduction, economic analysis and nancing water-saving investments. Using data from two irrigation systems in the southern MDB, a case is made for reducing seepage water losses in irrigation supply channels in a cost-effective manner using low-cost technologies. Increasing the level of security for investments in water-saving programs provides incentives to key stakeholders to achieve water-saving targets. Considering the value of water recovered from reducing seepage loss at irrigation system level, this study demonstrates how reducing just one component (seepage) from the total water losses in irrigation systems can help improve water supplies as well as the environmental ows. Potential options for nancing infrastructure improvement for saving irrigation water are proposed and discussed.
4 Abbas, A.; Khan, S.; Hussain, N.; Hanjra, M. A.; Akbar, S.. 2013. Characterizing soil salinity in irrigated agriculture using a remote sensing approach. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 55-57:43-52. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2010.12.004]
Soil salinity ; Irrigated farming ; Irrigated sites ; Remote sensing ; Land use ; Waterlogging ; Groundwater ; Water quality / Pakistan
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046019)
(0.06 MB)
Managing salinity in irrigated agriculture is crucial for minimising its negative environmental impacts and for ensuring the long-term sustainability of irrigated agriculture. It demands establishing rapid monitoring systems that help develop sustainable management plans. Remote sensing offers several advantages over the conventional proximal methods to map and predict areas at salinity risk. This paper presents an integrated approach to characterize soil salinity using remotely-sensed data in the District Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. The IRS-1B LISS-II digital data was acquired and analysed in combination with eld data and topographical maps. Remotely-sensed data based salinity indices or band combinations were developed to monitor the occurrence pattern of salt-affected soils. Using supervised maximum likelihood classi cation, the images were classi ed into eight land use classes with an overall accuracy of around 90%. The classi ed images showed that 22.2% of the total area was under salt-affected soils in 1992. The occurrence pattern of salt-affected soils varied with positive and negative trends during 1992–1995 to a minimum of 10.6%. The delineation analysis into levels of saline soils revealed three types based on USDA classi cation (USDA, 1954). The slightly saline, moderately saline and strongly saline soils during 1992 were in the order of 15%, 3%, and 1% respectively. The interactive behaviour of salinity and sodicity and their combinations showed that saline-sodic soils occurred predominantly ranging from 6.9% to 17.3% of the salt-affected soils. The shallow watertable was found to be of hazardous quality in 28% of the study area. The relationship between salt-affected soils, waterlogged soils and groundwater quality revealed that 60–70% of the salt-affected soils occurred in shallow watertable areas during 1992–1995. The reuse of poor quality groundwater for irrigation and the failure of tile drainage system in the area are likely to further increase the risk of salinisation in the Indus Basin of Pakistan.
Powered by DB/Text WebPublisher, from
