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(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7 G732 PHI Record No: H080)
2 Kortenhorst, I. L. F. 1983. Summary report on small-scale irrigation in Kenya, Nairobi, 14-18 February 1983. Wageningen, The Netherlands: ILRI. 55p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.6 G140 KEN Record No: H0110)
3 de Los Reyes, R. P. 1984. Sociotechnical profile: A tool for rapid rural appraisal. Quezon City, Philippines: Institute of Philippine Culture. 60 p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.8 G732 DEL Record No: H055)
The literature on rapid rural appraisal has so far focused primarily on methods appropriate for donor agencies and agricultural research institutions. In contrast, this paper discusses a rapid appraisal methodology that was developed for the use of an implementing agency. Called the sociotechnical profiling approach, this methodology became a tool of the National Irrigation Administration (NIA) in the Philippines for deciding which small-scale irrigation projects it would assist in a given year and for planning the agency's initial technical and social interventions. The paper describes the instruments that guided the preparation, write up, and analysis of the socio-technical profile; traces the history of how the instruments were developed and how the NIA staff earned to use them; and discusses the impact of the profiling approach on the implementation process of NIA's small-scale irrigation program.
4 Development Alternatives Inc. 1984. Strategies for donor assistance to irrigation development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, DC, USA: Development Alternatives Inc. 74, [12]p.
(Location: IWMI-SA Call no: 631.7.8 G100 DEV Record No: H056)
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.1 G584 HAM Record No: H058)
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.8 G584 KEL Record No: H066)
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7 G000 COO Record No: H067)
Includes the Executive Summary and four appendices. Appendix A: The Indian subcontinent. Appendix B: East Asia. Appendix C: Near East and Africa. Appendix D: Central and South America.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7 G212 AND Record No: H0145)
Volume 1: Main report. Volume 2: Annexes. Annex A - Donor activities relating to irrigated agriculture; Annex B - Irrigated perimeters in Niger: Existing and under way; Annex C - Agronomic aspects of irrigated agriculture in Niger; Annex D - The economics of irrigated agriculture development and performance in Niger; Annex E - Vegetable marketing in Niger; Annex F -Institutional and social issues related to irrigated agriculture in Niger; Annex G - Environmental review of irrigation in Niger; Annex H - Program and project possibilities; Annex I - Terms of reference for vegetable marketing study; Annex J - Impact of irrigated agriculture on public health in Niger with special reference to Schistosomiasis; Annex K - Assessment of the engineering aspects of irrigation in Niger.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.4 G648 IND Record No: H0129)
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.4 G635 IND Record No: H0130)
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.8 G226 PER Record No: H0140)
12 Robinson, D. M. 1975. Making an irrigation association a vehicle for development: preliminary observations on a group of Philippine rice farmers. In International Rice Research Institute. Water management in Philippine irrigation systems: research and operations. Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines: International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). pp.259-270.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.6 G732 INT Record No: H023)
The history of a pump irrigation project in Gatanduanes, Philippines, is traced. Three pumps were introduced to the area in 1969, and a farmers' association established. The problems of this association and its relationship with the man responsible for installation and operation of the pumps, are analyzed. In 1972, an additional project was initiated which attempted to strengthen the association. Its progress in dealing with problems of land reform, water distribution, and credit are stressed.
13 Brooks, R. H.; Neilson, E. 1984. Problem identification report for El-Minya. Cairo: Egypt Water Use and Management Project. ix, 103p. (EWUP project technical report no.25)
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.6.2 G232 BRO Record No: H038)
The Egypt Water Use and Management Project team selected the Abyuha area, in Middle Egypt, to conduct irrigation management studies. The maize-cotton-sugarcane cropping pattern, typical in this area, is representative of much of Middle Egypt. The team characterized the major physical, hydrologic, biological, and socio-economic factors operating inthe system under study; then they analyzed the data and identified major factors that were acting as constraints or problems of the system. The results of the study were used to develop a research program designed to assist both governmental organizations and the farmer in removing, where possible, irrigation management constraints in the system. This process is called "problem identification".
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.4 G232 NAI Record No: H043)
This report is a summary of a series of studies on zinc status in thesoils of the project sites, Kafr El-Sheikh, El-Mansuriya, and El- Minya, during the agricultural years 1978/79 and 1980/81. The studies included a soil fertility survey and on-farm tests for various crops. The results indicate that: (1) there is a wide range in available soil zinc within the different Project areas, and a crop response to added zinc fertilizer would be expected; and(2) response to zinc differed from one crop to another and from replicate to replicate. The crops tested were wheat, broad beans, cotton, corn, flax and rice.
15 Layton, J. J.; Sallam, M. S. 1982. The role of rural sociologists in an interdisciplinary action oriented project: An Egyptian case study. Cairo: Egypt Water Use and Management Project. v, 27p. (EWUP technical report no.13)
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.6.2 G232 LAY Record No: H046)
Rural sociologists involved in an-action oriented interdisciplinary project perform a variety of roles. This paper examines how the rural sociologists working in an on-farm water management project in Egypt execute their tasks by fulfilling the roles of analyst, advisor, and innovator. Such roles are performed in two distinct contexts existing at the same time: in an interdisciplinary context and in a cross-cultural context. The rural sociologists of the project have to coordinate their efforts with agronomists, economists, and engineers who are all focussing on specific problems which are to be implemented. In addition, the sociologists must also direct their efforts to both Americans and Egyptians who are working together. How these different roles are performed and what they mean to the project, as well as to the sociologists, is analyzed in terms of how rural sociologists function as team members.
16 Siann, J. M. 1983. Labor constraints in the implementation of irrigation. In W. M. Adams and A. T. Grove, Eds., Irrigation in tropical Africa: Problems and problem solving (pp. 86-95). Cambridge: African Studies Centre.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.8 G100 ADA Record No: H0187)
17 Moris, J. R. 1984. Managing irrigation in isolated environments: A case study of action Ble-Dire Mali. In M. J. Blackie, Ed., African Regional Symposium on Small Holder Irrigation, 5-7 September 1984 (pp. 243-256). London: Hydraulics Research Ltd.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.3 G100 BLA Record No: H0193)
This paper describes the managerial problems which resulted when USAID decided to support the Malian Government's action in introducing diesel pumpsets for irrigated wheat-growing in a remote area of Northern Mali. To economize on costs, Indian pumps were ordered for 250 farmers who were already growing wheat by "calabash" irrigation. In a first phase of activity, the Mali Government managed the programme and evinced great problems in supplying inputs and in recovering credit. Financial irregularities brought about a freeze on donor funding, and led to a second phase under USAID's direct management. However, some of the same problems reappeared, and once again, the Project was unable to insure timely planting, adequate fuel, and effective mechanical services. Key factors which contributed to the low apparent efficiency of irrigated wheat production were: Farmer's lack of understanding of the importance of maintenance, the lack of an in-country parts' supplier once the pump model was phased out by the manufacturer, and the difficulty of arranging logistic and service support to villages in isolated settings. The lesson which this case teaches is that inadequate support services and fuel may be just as significant constraints upon smallholder irrigation as are shortages of water. In trying to minimize farmer's natural risks, the Action Ble-Dire project made farmers more subject to institutional risks. These in turn negated many of the project's intended benefits.
18 Sivanappan, R. K.; Gandhi, M. 1982. Water distribution at outlet level farmers' approach and implication for improvement. In Indian Water Resources Society, Workshop on Water Distribution Practices, July 2-3, 1982: Proceedings (pp. 113-118). Roorkee: Indian Water Resources Society.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.6.3 G635 IND Record No: H0169)
19 Banda, M. 1984. A consideration of the consolidation stage: Siatwiinda pilot irrigation scheme experiences in Gwembe Valley, Zambia. In M. J. Blackie, Ed., African Regional Symposium on Small Holder Irrigation, 5-7 September 1984 (pp. 391-400). London: Hydraulics Research Ltd.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.3 G100 BLA Record No: H0204)
The economic history of most riverine and swampy communities does seem to suggest that perennial crop production is very much entrenched in their social economic fabric. But its potential has largely been underestimated. Thus,the introduction of irrigation technology tends to be seen as a new way of crop production. As such, intervention measures initially tend to be designed as pilot projects, so as to generate enough experience and knowledge before their widespread diffusion. However, experience with most community-oriented pilot projects seem to show that if the interventions are not based on the intended beneficiaries' own past experiences, the introduction of new technology tends to exacerbate the production risk of the participants. From the experiences in Gwembe Valley, Zambia, it is argued that irrigation interventions in the small holder farming sector have to be geared to the strengthening of the existing production virtues, as well as the weakening and elimination of the risks.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.7 G662 IND Record No: H0217)
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