Your search found 11 records
1 Loague, K. 2010. Rainfall-runoff modelling. Wallingford, UK: International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS). 506p. (IAHS Benchmark Papers in Hydrology 4)
Rainfall-runoff relationships ; Models ; Flooding ; Catchment areas ; Stream flow ; Hydrology ; Hydrography ; Groundwater flow ; Flow discharge ; Surface runoff ; Infiltration ; Sloping lands / Australia / USA / Washington / Reynolds Creek Watershed / Idaho
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 LOA Record No: H043500)
(0.36 MB)
2 Beven, K. J. 2012. Rainfall-runoff modelling: the primer. 2nd ed. Chichester, UK: John Wiley. 475p.
Rainfall-runoff relationships ; Hydrology ; Mathematical models ; Data ; Case studies ; Hydrography ; Precipitation ; Remote sensing ; Climate change ; Forecasting ; Risks ; Flooding ; Sensitivity analysis ; Catchment areas ; Water storage
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.48 G000 BEV Record No: H044683)
(0.40 MB)
3 Andersen, I.; Dione, O.; Jarosewich-Holder, M.; Olivry, J.-C. 2005. The Niger River Basin: a vision for sustainable management. Washington, DC, USA: World Bank. 144p.
River basins ; History ; Water resources ; Hydrology ; Water quality ; Hydrography ; Hydrogeology ; Soils ; Climate change / West Africa / Central Africa / Niger River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044949)
http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2005/12/08/000090341_20051208084115/Rendered/PDF/345180PAPER0NR1Basin01OFFICIAL0USE1.pdf?pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&theSitePK=523679&entityID=000090341_20051208084115&searchMenuPK=64187283&theSitePK=523679
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044949.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044949.pdf
(5.14 MB) (5.1MB)
This book comprises two distinct elements. The first, and major, part of the
book (chapters 1–3) is a unique and essential compilation of technical information and data on the entire Niger River system. It presents a comprehensive overview of the physical environment and hydrological functions of the watershed, thus providing the necessary background for examination of the challenges of resource management and development potential. The second part of the book (chapter 4) presents the fundamental challenges that the nine countries 1 of the Basin face and are now addressing.
book (chapters 1–3) is a unique and essential compilation of technical information and data on the entire Niger River system. It presents a comprehensive overview of the physical environment and hydrological functions of the watershed, thus providing the necessary background for examination of the challenges of resource management and development potential. The second part of the book (chapter 4) presents the fundamental challenges that the nine countries 1 of the Basin face and are now addressing.
4 Silva, E. I. L.; Katupotha, J.; Amarasinghe, O.; Manthrithilake, Herath; Ariyaratne, Ranjith. 2013. Lagoons of Sri Lanka: from the origins to the present. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 116p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2013.215]
Coastal lagoons ; Hydrology ; Hydrography ; Ecosystems ; Biodiversity ; Fauna ; Mangroves ; Marshes ; Salinity ; Geomorphology ; Species ; Poverty ; Fisheries ; Governance ; Institutions ; Legislation / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H046256)
(1.50 MB)
5 Yalcin, E.; Tigrek, S. 2016. Hydropower production without sacrificing environment: a case study of Ilisu Dam and Hasankeyf [southeastern Turkey] International Journal of Water Resources Development, 32(2):247-266. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2015.1031210]
Energy generation ; Water power ; Development projects ; Environmental effects ; Flooding ; Water levels ; Flow discharge ; Precipitation ; Meteorological stations ; Hydrography ; Rivers ; Dams ; Reservoirs ; Costs ; Case studies / Turkey / South-Eastern Anatolia Region / Hasankeyf / Tigris River / Ilisu Dam
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047525)
(0.62 MB)
The Ilisu Dam and HEPP Project, on the Tigris River in the South-Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey, has been under debate for more than half a century due to its possible adverse effects on the environment. In particular, the proposed inundation of the archaeological sites around Hasankeyf has prompted strong criticism from national and international organizations. The primary reason for the administration’s insistence on construction of the dam is its energy production capacity. The present study is an assessment of an alternative solution that not only saves Hasankeyf with its countless ancient monuments from inundation but also supplies the projected energy production of Ilisu Dam.
6 Amarnath, Giriraj; Alahacoon, Niranga; Gismalla, Y.; Mohammed, Y.; Sharma, Bharat R.; Smakhtin, Vladimir. 2016. Increasing early warning lead time through improved transboundary flood forecasting in the Gash River Basin, Horn of Africa. In Adams, T. E. III; Pagano, T. C. (Eds.). Flood forecasting: a global perspective. London, UK: Academic Press. pp.183-200.
International waters ; Weather forecasting ; Flooding ; Early warning systems ; Rainfall-runoff relationships ; Hydrology ; Hydrometeorology ; Topography ; Models ; Calibration ; River basins ; Flow discharge ; Hydrography ; Catchment areas ; Satellite observation ; Spatial database / Horn of Africa / Sudan / Ethiopia / Eritrea / Gash River Basin / Kassala
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047695)
(1.09 MB)
7 Jeelani, G.; Shah, R. A.; Deshpande, R. D.; Fryar, A. E.; Perrin, J.; Mukherjee, A. 2017. Distinguishing and estimating recharge to karst springs in snow and glacier dominated mountainous basins of the western Himalaya, India. Journal of Hydrology, 550:239-252. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.05.001]
Water springs ; Recharge ; Karst ; Highlands ; Precipitation ; Snow cover ; Glaciers ; Snowmelt ; Flow discharge ; Temperature ; Rain ; Hydrogeology ; Hydrography ; Isotope analysis ; Elements ; Ions ; Chlorides ; Uncertainty / India / Western Himalaya / Liddar Basin / Kuthar Basin / Bringi Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048190)
(4.76 MB)
Recharge assessment is a challenge in snow and glacier dominated Himalayan basins. Quantification of recharge to karst springs in these complex geological environments is important both for hydrologic understanding and for effective water resource management. We used spring hydrographs and environmental tracers (isotopes and solutes) to distinguish and estimate the sources of spring water and to identify the flow paths of the recharging waters in three mountainous basins of the western Himalaya. The karst springs are perennial with high discharge amplitudes. The results indicate that ambient temperature has a strong influence on the hydrological behavior of the springs. Although the spring flow is dominantly controlled by the melting of snow and/or glaciers, rain events produce sharp spikes in spring hydrographs. The facies patterns in springs within the Bringi basin (Ca-HCO3) and the Liddar basin (Ca-HCO3 and Ca-Mg-HCO3) suggest flow dominantly through limestone and dolomite. Higher concentrations of SO4 2 and Na+ in warm springs of the Kuthar basin indicate flow through carbonate, silicate and other rocks. The isotopic composition (d18O, d2 H) of precipitation, snowpacks, glacier melt and karst springs show wide variation both in space and time, and are strongly influenced by the basin relief and meteorology. The tracer-based two- and three-component mixing models suggest that the snowmelt dominantly contributes to the spring flow (55–96%), followed by glacier melt (5–36%) and rain (4–34%). Based on tracer tests with good recovery rates, springs are dominantly recharged through point sources rather than by diffuse infiltration. Changes in the timing, form, and amount of winter precipitation substantially affect the timing and magnitude of spring discharge during the rest of the year.
8 Yoshimoto, Shuhei; Amarnath, Giriraj. 2018. Application of a flood inundation model to analyze the potential impacts of a flood control plan in Mundeni Aru River Basin, Sri Lanka. Natural Hazards, 91(2):491-513. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-017-3143-5]
Flood control ; Rainfall-runoff relationships ; Models ; Calibration ; Performance evaluation ; River basins ; Discharges ; Reservoirs ; Water management ; Water storage ; Estimation ; Hydrography ; Satellite observation ; Disaster risk reduction / Sri Lanka / Mundeni Aru River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048446)
(2.25 MB)
Capturing inundation extent by floods is indispensable for decision making for mitigating hazard. Satellite images have commonly been used for flood mapping, but there are limitations such as unavailability due to satellite’s orbital period or cloud cover. Additionally, it would also be beneficial for policy makers to figure out the impact of water management measures such as water storage options on flood mitigation and irrigation water strengthening. Utilization of flood inundation models would support providing information for these demands. In this study, the rainfall–runoff inundation (RRI) model was applied in a flood-prone basin in eastern Sri Lanka, and its applicability was discussed. The RRI model was capable of simulating discharge and inundation extent during flood events, although it should be noted that the model had been calibrated targeting only the flooding period. Satellite-observed rainfall data corrected with a scale factor were able to be used as the model input to simulate long-term trends in runoff just as well as when gauged rainfall data were applied. The calibrated model was also capable of evaluating flood mitigation effects of existing and proposed water storage options by simulating discharge with and without flood capture operations. By reproducing long-term inflow to the storage facilities using satellite rainfall data, it was possible to determine that water would reach the maximum level of the proposed storage facilities even during low-rainfall years.
9 Sabo, J. L.; Ruhi, A.; Holtgrieve, G. W.; Elliott, V.; Arias, M. E.; Ngor, P. B.; Rasanen, T. A.; Nam, S. 2017. Designing river flows to improve food security futures in the Lower Mekong Basin. Science, 358(6368):1-11. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao1053]
River basins ; Stream flow ; Discharges ; Food security ; Inland fisheries ; Forecasting ; Dams ; Water power ; Hydrological factors ; Models ; Ecological factors ; Floodplains ; Hydrography / Cambodia / Lower Mekong Basin / Tonle Sap Lake
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048520)
(1.57 MB)
Rivers provide unrivaled opportunity for clean energy via hydropower, but little is known about the potential impact of dam-building on the food security these rivers provide. In tropical rivers, rainfall drives a periodic flood pulse fueling fish production and delivering nutrition to more than 150 million people worldwide. Hydropower will modulate this flood pulse, thereby threatening food security. We identified variance components of the Mekong River flood pulse that predict yield in one of the largest freshwater fisheries in the world. We used these variance components to design an algorithm for a managed hydrograph to explore future yields. This algorithm mimics attributes of discharge variance that drive fishery yield: prolonged low flows followed by a short flood pulse. Designed flows increased yield by a factor of 3.7 relative to historical hydrology. Managing desired components of discharge variance will lead to greater efficiency in the Lower Mekong Basin food system.
10 Cuthbert, M. O.; Taylor, R. G.; Favreau, G.; Todd, M. C.; Shamsudduha, M.; Villholth, Karen G.; MacDonald, A. M.; Scanlon, B. R.; Kotchoni, D. O. V.; Vouillamoz, J.-M.; Lawson, F. M. A.; Adjomayi, P. A.; Kashaigili, J.; Seddon, D.; Sorensen, J. P. R.; Ebrahim, Girma Yimer; Owor, M.; Nyenje, P. M.; Nazoumou, Y.; Goni, I.; Ousmane, B. I.; Sibanda, T.; Ascott, M. J.; Macdonald, D. M. J.; Agyekum, W.; Koussoube, Y.; Wanke, H.; Kim, H.; Wada, Y.; Lo, M.-H.; Oki, T.; Kukuric, N. 2019. Observed controls on resilience of groundwater to climate variability in sub-Saharan Africa. Nature, 572(7768):230-234. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1441-7]
Groundwater recharge ; Climate change ; Resilience ; Groundwater table ; Observation ; Precipitation ; Hydrology ; Hydrography ; Models ; Arid zones ; Rain / Africa South of Sahara / Benin / Uganda / United Republic of Tanzania / Zimbabwe / South Africa / Namibia / Niger / Ghana / Burkina Faso
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049316)
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1441-7.epdf?author_access_token=UgizrPwmrGzlbL33bjbvQdRgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0M3C122Ih9FQbr0PbeOlDAX9EZlbSwXsaUcJ-Vq-8EelgPfWJQTdVE-2_3g7yypNR4C-qTOMe7Ux1weufjBdaT9SyaKgJjfKYgJ2fqsjIRLng%3D%3D
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049316.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049316.pdf
(7.21 MB)
Groundwater in sub-Saharan Africa supports livelihoods and poverty alleviation1,2 , maintains vital ecosystems, and strongly influences terrestrial water and energy budgets3 . Yet the hydrological processes that govern groundwater recharge and sustainability—and their sensitivity to climatic variability—are poorly constrained4,5 . Given the absence of firm observational constraints, it remains to be seen whether model-based projections of decreased water resources in dry parts of the region4 are justified. Here we show, through analysis of multidecadal groundwater hydrographs across sub-Saharan Africa, that levels of aridity dictate the predominant recharge processes, whereas local hydrogeology influences the type and sensitivity of precipitation–recharge relationships. Recharge in some humid locations varies by as little as five per cent (by coefficient of variation) across a wide range of annual precipitation values. Other regions, by contrast, show roughly linear precipitation–recharge relationships, with precipitation thresholds (of roughly ten millimetres or less per day) governing the initiation of recharge. These thresholds tend to rise as aridity increases, and recharge in drylands is more episodic and increasingly dominated by focused recharge through losses from ephemeral overland flows. Extreme annual recharge is commonly associated with intense rainfall and flooding events, themselves often driven by large-scale climate controls. Intense precipitation, even during years of lower overall precipitation, produces some of the largest years of recharge in some dry subtropical locations. Our results therefore challenge the ‘high certainty’ consensus regarding decreasing water resources4 in such regions of sub-Saharan Africa. The potential resilience of groundwater to climate variability in many areas that is revealed by these precipitation–recharge relationships is essential for informing reliable predictions of climate-change impacts and adaptation strategies.
11 Fyffe, C. L.; Brock, B. W.; Kirkbride, M. P.; Black, A. R.; Smiraglia, C.; Diolaiuti, G. 2019. The impact of supraglacial debris on proglacial runoff and water chemistry. Journal of Hydrology, 576:41-57. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.06.023]
Glaciers ; Snow ; Meltwater ; Discharges ; Runoff ; Sediment ; Hydrology ; Hydrography ; Meteorological factors ; Mountains ; Lakes ; Ponds ; Streams ; Catchment areas / Europe / Miage Glacier
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049320)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169419305694/pdfft?md5=a1156d40dae0d41bc6aa3d58ec5cc7d5&pid=1-s2.0-S0022169419305694-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049320.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049320.pdf
(3.63 MB) (3.63 MB)
Debris is known to influence the ablation, topography and hydrological systems of glaciers. This paper determines for the first time how these influences impact on bulk water routing and the proglacial runoff signal, using analyses of supraglacial and proglacial water chemistry and proglacial discharge at Miage Glacier, Italian Alps. Debris does influence the supraglacial water chemistry, but the inefficient subglacial system beneath the debris-covered zone also plays a role in increasing the ion contribution to the proglacial stream. Daily hydrographs had a lower amplitude and later discharge peak compared to clean glaciers and fewer diurnal hydrographs were found compared to similar analysis for Haut Glacier d’Arolla. We attribute these observations to the attenuating effect of the debris on ablation, smaller input streams on the debris-covered area, a less efficient subglacial system, and possible leakage into a raised sediment bed beneath the glacier. Strongly diurnal hydrographs are constrained to periods with warmer than average conditions. ‘Average’ weather conditions result in a hydrograph with reverse asymmetry. Conductivity and discharge commonly show anti-clockwise hysteresis, suggesting the more dilute, rapidly-routed melt component from the mid-glacier peaks before the discharge peak, with components from higher up-glacier and the debris-covered areas arriving later at the proglacial stream. The results of this study could lead to a greater understanding of the hydrological structure of other debris-covered glaciers, with findings highlighting the need to include the influence of the debris cover within future models of debris-covered glacier runoff.
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