Your search found 11 records
1 Young, S. M.; Pitawala, A.; Gunatilake, J. 2010. Fate of phosphate and nitrate in waters of an intensive agricultural area in the dry zone of Sri Lanka. Paddy and Water Environment, 8(1):71-79. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-009-0186-6]
Phosphates ; Nitrates ; Nutrients ; Water quality ; Groundwater ; Surface water ; Fertilizers ; Intensive farming ; Wells ; Canals ; Arid zones / Sri Lanka / Dry Zone
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042967)
(0.42 MB)
The chemistry of surface waters and groundwater draining agricultural catchments in the north-central and northwestern areas of Sri Lanka is described. Hydrochemical data from 296 water samples are used to evaluate water quality and to identify the processes that control nitrate and phosphate concentrations in the water. The results indicate that nutrient concentrations in the groundwaters are greater than those in the surface waters. Increased nutrient levels were observed in groundwater in a selected area in the fortnight following fertilizer application. Detailed geochemical investigations of selected groundwater samples reveal a gradual rise of nitrate–N and other solutes along the horizontal flow direction. Compared to the application rates of fertilizer in the area, the average nutrient concentrations in all waters are relatively low (1.5 mg/l nitrate and 0.5 mg/l phosphate) and stable. The results suggest that prevailing reducing conditions, iron-rich overburden soil cover and manmade canal networks control nutrient accumulation in the groundwater.
2 International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 2011. Water Matters: news of IWMI research in Sri Lanka. Water Matters: news of IWMI research in Sri Lanka, 6. 7p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2011.205]
Research institutes ; Agricultural research ; Research projects ; Irrigation management ; Wells ; Remote sensing ; Mapping ; Aquifers / Sri Lanka / Dry Zone
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 630 G744 INT Record No: H043933)
(1.47 MB)
3 International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 2011. Jala Puwath. In Sinhalese. [Water Matters: news of IWMI research in Sri Lanka]. Jala Puwath, 6. 8p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2011.208]
Research institutes ; Agricultural research ; Research projects ; Irrigation management ; Wells ; Remote sensing ; Mapping ; Aquifers / Sri Lanka / Dry Zone
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7.5 G744 INT Record No: H044117)
4 Eriyagama, Nishadi; Chartres, Colin; Smakhtin, Vladimir. 2011. Climate change challenges to agriculture in the tropics and subtropics: the need for research and development solutions. Highlights: The Crawford Fund Newsletter, pp.3-5.
Climate change ; Weather ; Reservoirs ; Flooding ; Drought ; Rain ; Agriculture ; Arid zones ; Livestock ; Research / Sri Lanka / Dry Zone
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044287)
http://www.crawfordfund.org/assets/files/newsletters/HIGHLIGHTS_APRIL_2011.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044287.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H044287.pdf
(1.45 MB) (1.45MB)
5 Tennakoon, M. U. A. 2002. Small tanks cascades as development units in the dry zone. Economic Review, January/February:21-29.
Tanks ; Case studies ; Ecology ; Irrigation water ; Irrigation systems ; Policy / Sri Lanka / Dry Zone / Rajarata
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044314)
(0.99 MB)
As defined by the Irrigation Department, small tanks are those, which irrigate land extents of 80 hectares or less. Systematic studies so far undertaken, among others, Tennakoon (1974, 1986) and Panabokke (1999) have revealed that there is a tank for every 1.5 sq. km. in the Rajarata. Panabokke's study (1999) further reveals that there is a similar density of tanks in the northern part of the Kurunegala District as well. According to the same study, there are about 15,500 small tanks in the Dry .Zone and approximately half that number of tanks remain either dilapidated or abandoned.
6 Weligamage, S. P. 2011. An economic analysis of intersectoral water allocation in southeastern Sri Lanka. Thesis submitted to the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Washington State University, USA in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. 155p.
Water resources ; Water allocation ; Water use ; Economic analysis ; Economic value ; Irrigation systems ; Irrigation programs ; Agricultural development ; River basins ; Case studies ; Farmers ; Welfare ; Analytical methods ; Models ; Surveys ; Indicators ; Households ; Income
/ Sri Lanka / Dry Zone / Kirindi Oya / Menik Ganga / Kumbukkan Oya / Yala Protected Area
/ Sri Lanka / Dry Zone / Kirindi Oya / Menik Ganga / Kumbukkan Oya / Yala Protected Area
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044346)
(3.06 MB)
This dissertation analyzes current patterns and expected benefits of allocation of water in Kirindi-Menik-Kumbukkan composite river basin in southeastern Sri Lanka. The Veheragala Diversion Project changed the historical flow regime of Menik Ganga River by diverting water to the Kirindi Oya Basin for irrigation. This diversion reduced water flow to the Yala Protected Area Complex, a unique, nationally and globally important wildlife refuge situated further downstream, but dry season flows were enhanced. This study develops and applies empirical methods to estimate economic benefits related to two major uses: irrigation and environment. A procedure to quantify water applied on rice farms, based on farmer recall, was developed and empirically used in the Kirindi Oya Irrigation and Settlement Project (KOISP), where differential access to water between its two subareas exists. A production function for rice with water quantity as an input was estimated. Plans to allocate newly diverted water to maximize system-wide annual net benefits by equating marginal value products of water were generated. The value of water for the environment was estimated through a contingent valuation study that asked respondents about their willingness to pay for water releases through the YPC. Benefits were expected as emanating from non-use values of water. Findings showed a diverse pattern of distribution and abundance of irrigation systems across three river basins when the sizes and the types of systems were considered. Average water quantity applied by farmers in the Old Irrigated Area of the KOISP was 17 percent higher than that of farmers in the New Irrigated Area, while annual net rice revenues were 36 percent higher in the Old irrigated Area. The optimum water allocation plan for the KOISP would generate annual incremental net benefits of SLR 157 million and is 28 percent higher than the “Business as Usual” Plan. Mean willingness to pay for water releases estimated using random willingness to pay method was SLR 627 per household per annum. This can be aggregated to a national benefit stream with net present worth of SLR 17.4 billion. This value can be considered as the value of water allocated for environmental uses.
7 Samad, Madar; Kuppannan, Palanisami; Jinapala, K. 2011. Fragmentation of property rights and externalities: a comparative study of small tank systems of Sri Lanka and Tamilnadu, India. [Abstract only]. In International Association for the Study of the Commons (IASC). 13th IASC Biennial International Conference on Sustaining Commons: Sustaining Our Future, Hyderabad, India, 10-14 January 2011. Book of abstracts. Mexico City, DF, Mexico: International Association for the Study of the Commons (IASC); Gujarat, India: Foundation for Ecological Security (FES). pp.222-223.
Property rights ; Tanks ; Water governance ; Institutions ; Irrigation systems ; Arid zones ; Multiple use ; Indicators ; Rainfed farming / Sri Lanka / India / Dry Zone / Tamil Nadu
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044579)
(0.11 MB) (2.09MB)
Of the various types of irrigation system in the Dry Zone of Sri Lanka and South India small tank systems are the least well-endowed in terms of the quantity and reliability of water. Yet, these systems have existed for centuries and continue to support a sizeable proportion of the population. The Tank systems generally provide or regulate water for multiple uses: irrigation, domestic needs, livestock, inland fishery and sub-surface moisture for upland crops The multiple use of resources was facilitated by moderating the strategic behavior of agents in a semicommons setting where the tank and water conveyance structures were held as common property and a system of private property rights exercised over scattered parcels of land in the command area. The resilience the system was further strengthened strengthened by operating the system within the framework of a moral economy. In recent decades the economic significance of minor tanks is on the wane. Important performance indicators such as area irrigated, cropping intensities, productivity levels, efficiency in water use are below potential. Farmers are increasingly compelled to rely on off farm employment and rainfed cultivation for their subsistence needs. Underlying many of the problems is a set of circumstances creating a vicious cycle which starts with pollution pressure, sub-division of land, fragmentation of in property rights regimes from semi-commons to private property, degradation of the catchment area, deterioration of the water conveyance systems and the proliferation of groundwater development resulting in differential access to water and consequently significant socio-economic differentiation in a traditionally egalitarian society and weakening the moral economy. This paper is an attempt to grasp the complex dynamics that characterize the transitional nature of agrarian systems and the fragmentation of property rights in tanks systems in Sri Lanka and Tamilnadu due to changes in social, economic, political, cultural processes and technological innovations, This paper identifies potential vulnerable areas in the management of commons property resources in the villages especially in the context of less reliance l on local resources; change in the individual preferences; enhanced economic, social, and geographical mobility of people; the high transaction costs of social arrangements to manage local resources; gradual loss of common interests and group identity, and greater integration to the market, The paper attempts to examine the shape and the role of the institutions managing the small tank systems under such changing circumstance and propose institutional arrangements for the effective governance of the tank systems.
8 Wickramasinghe, W. M. A. D. B.; Munasinghe, M. A. K. 2013. Land degradation in tank village eco-systems dominantly under large-scale maize-sesame cultivation in the dry zone of Sri Lanka. SOBA Environmental Magazine, 21(1- Special magazine published for Rio+20 Summit): 37-40.
Land degradation ; Tanks ; Ecosystems ; Maize ; Sesame ; Dry farming ; Arid zones / Sri Lanka / Dry Zone
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: P 8138 Record No: H046089)
9 McCartney, Matthew; Pavelic, Paul; Lacombe, Guillaume; Latt, K.; Zan, A. K.; Thein, K.; Douangsavanh, Somphasith; Balasubramanya, Soumya; Rajah, Ameer; Myint, A.; Cho, C.; Johnston, Robyn; Sotoukee, Touleelor. 2013. Water resources assessment of the dry zone of Myanmar: final report for component 1. [Project report of the Livelihoods and Food Security Trust Fund (LIFT) Dry Zone Program] Vientiane, Laos: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Yangon, Myanmar: National Engineering and Planning Services (EPS). 52p.
Water resources ; Surface water ; Water use ; Flow discharge ; Runoff ; Groundwater resources ; Groundwater recharge ; Water quality ; Water storage ; Reservoirs ; Aquifers ; Evapotranspiration ; Water supply ; Irrigation schemes ; Assessment ; Arid zones ; Food security ; Living standards ; Rain ; Data ; Geology ; Research projects / Myanmar / Dry Zone
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046133)
(3.66 MB)
10 Senaratna Sellamuttu, Sonali; Joffre, O.; Suhardiman, Diana; Balasubramanya, Soumya; Pavelic, Paul; Htut, U. Y. T.; McCartney, Matthew; Johnston, Robyn. 2013. Community survey on water access, availability and management issues in the dry zone of Myanmar: final report for component 2. [Project report of the Livelihoods and Food Security Trust Fund (LIFT) Dry Zone Program]. Vientiane, Laos: International Water Management Institute (IWMI); Yangon, Myanmar: Myanmar Marketing Research and Development (MMRD). 74p.
Water management ; Water resources ; Water availability ; Arid zones ; Surveys ; Villages ; Climate change ; Weather hazards ; Rain ; Income ; Livestock ; Groundwater irrigation ; Groundwater resources ; Water quality ; Water allocation ; Water use ; Water user associations ; Irrigated farming ; Rainfed farming ; Crops ; Food security ; Institutions ; Research projects ; Investment ; Income / Myanmar / Dry Zone
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046134)
(0.77 MB)
11 Johnston, Robyn; Rajah, Ameer; Balasubramanya, Soumya; Douangsavanh, Somphasith; Lacombe, Guillaume; McCartney, Matthew; Pavelic, Paul; Senaratna Sellamuttu, Sonali; Sotoukee, Touleelor; Suhardiman, Diana; Joffre, O. 2013. Identifying priority investments in water in Myanmar’s dry zone: final report for component 3. [Project report of the Livelihoods and Food Security Trust Fund (LIFT) Dry Zone Program] Vientiane, Laos: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 53p.
Water resources development ; Water management ; Water supply ; Research projects ; Investment ; Living standards ; Arid zones ; Agroecosystems ; Irrigation systems ; Irrigation schemes ; Groundwater irrigation ; Supplemental irrigation ; Rainwater ; Water harvesting ; Water storage ; Reservoirs ; Dams ; Wells ; Watershed management ; Food security ; Farmland ; Rainfed farming ; Irrigated farming ; Social aspects / Myanmar / Dry Zone
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046135)
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