Your search found 11 records
1 Murray, J. R.; Tullberg, J. N.; Basnet, B. B. 2006. Planters and their components: Types, attributes, functional requirements, classification and description. Canberra, Australia: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. 178p.
(Location: IWMI-HY Call no: 631.3 G000 MUR Record No: H038978)
2 Midmore, D. J.; Poudel, D. D.; Nissen, T. M.; Dano, A.; Zhu, G. 2005. Alternatives to traditional annual crop agriculture in the uplands: biophysical evidence from the Manupali River Watershed. In Coxhead, I.; Shively, G. (Eds.). Land use change in tropical watersheds: evidence, causes and remedies. Wallingford, UK, CABI Publishing. pp.133-146.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 333.76 G000 COX Record No: H041193)
3 Jouquet, Pascal; Bottinelli, N.; Podwojewski, Pascal; Hallaire, V. 2008. Chemical and physical properties of earthworm casts as compared to bulk soil under a range of different land-use systems in Vietnam. Geoderma, 146:231-238.
Land use ; Soil properties ; Soil pore system ; Soil ; Sampling ; Soil analysis ; Erosion ; Earthworms / Vietnam
Call no: e-copy only Record No: H041501)
4 Al-Zoubi, M. M.; Arslan, A.; Abdelgawad, G.; Pejon, N.; Tabbaa, M.; Jouzdan, O. 2008. Effects of sewage sludge on heavy metal accumulation in soil and plants and on crop productivity in Aleppo governorate. In Qadir, Manzoor (Ed.) 2008. Sustainable management of wastewater for agriculture: proceedings of the First Bridging Workshop, Aleppo, Syria, 11-15 November 2007. Aleppo, Syria: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA); Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI) pp.57-62.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H040155)
5 Jouquet, Pascal; Henry des Tureaux, Thierry; Mathieu, J.; Doan Thu, Thuy; Toan, Tran Duc; Orange, Didier. 2010. Utilization of Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) to quantify the impact of earthworms on soil and carbon erosion in steep slope ecosystem: a study case in northern Vietnam. Catena, 81(2):113-116. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2010.01.010]
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042814)
(0.65 MB)
This work focuses on a new approach to quantify the effects of above-ground earthworm's activity on soil erosion in steep slope ecosystems such as in Northern Vietnam. In these areas and in many others in the world, soil erosion becomes a major issue while the factors that determine it are still misunderstood. Earthworm's activity is believed to influence soil erosion rate, but we are still unable to precisely quantify their contribution to soil erosion. In this study, we used Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) to quantify the proportion of soil aggregate in eroded soil coming from earthworm activity. This was done by generating NIRS signatures corresponding to different soil surface aggregates (above-ground soil casts produced by earthworms vs. surrounding topsoil). In order to test the proposed approach, we compared the NIRS-signature of eroded soil sediments to those of earthworms' casts and of the surrounding soils. Our results strongly supported that NIRS spectra might be used as “fingerprints” to identify the origin of soil aggregates. Although earthworms are generally assumed to play a favorable role in promoting soil fertility and ecosystem services, this method shows that cast aggregates constitute about 36 and 77% of sediments in two tropical plantations, Paspalum atratumand Panicum maximum plantations, respectively. In light with these results, we estimated that earthworms led to an annual loss of 3.3 and 15.8 kg of carbon ha-1 yr-1, respectively in P. atratum and P. maximum agroecosystems.
6 Afro-Asian Rural Development Organization (AARDO); Desert Research Center (DRC) 2007. Training and study visit on desertification: a report, Cairo, Egypt, 22-27 October 2007. New Delhi, India: Afro-Asian Rural Development Organization (AARDO)
. 203p.
. 203p.
Desertification ; Ecosystems ; Groundwater ; Soil ; Biodiversity ; Biotechnology ; Animal production ; Genetic resources ; Sustainable agriculture ; Food security / Egypt / West Nile Delta
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 333.736 G232 AFR Record No: H043307)
(0.39 MB)
7 Mekonnen, M.; Melesse, A. M. 2011. Soil erosion mapping and hotspot area identification using GIS and remote sensing in Northwest Ethiopian highlands, near Lake Tana. In Melesse, A. M. (Ed.). Nile River Basin: hydrology, climate and water use. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. pp.207-224.
Soil ; Erosion ; Highlands ; Mapping ; Remote sensing ; GIS ; Watersheds ; Simulation models / Ethiopia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.483 G136 MEL Record No: H044030)
8 Jimenez Cisneros, B. E. 2011. Natural and human environments in areas undergoing wastewater irrigation. CAB Reviews: Perspectives in Agriculture, Veterinary Science, Nutrition and Natural Resources, 6(015):1-28. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1079/PAVSNNR20116015]
Natural environment ; Wastewater irrigation ; Sanitation ; Diseases ; Food security ; Diarrhoea ; Groundwater ; Water quality ; Infiltration ; Helminthoses ; Soil ; Fertilizers ; Nutrients ; Reclamation ; Metals ; Salinity ; Yields ; Economic aspects
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044254)
(0.23 MB)
This paper is a review of the international literature concerning both the positive and negative effects on the environment and public health of the use of treated or non-treated wastewater for agricultural irrigation. It includes not only physical but also social and economic aspects. The extent of the use of treated and non-treated wastewater for agriculture is discussed along with its drivers. The data clearly show that non-treated wastewater is used more commonly than treated wastewater. This occurs mainly in around urban and peri-urban areas where municipal wastewater is produced that is better suited to this practice. The impacts observed on agricultural production, human health, the quality of the irrigation water, groundwater and surface water sources, food security, animal health, the local economy, reduction of poverty and food exports are presented, considering especially developing countries. These factors are further discussed to gain an understanding of how the practice, if well managed, contributes to sustainable development. Barriers to increasing the reuse of wastewater to irrigate are explained, considering the social perception in both developed and developing countries. The importance of reusing wastewater to reclaim water and nutrients are summarized. The positive and negative impacts resulting from the expected increase in the practice are discussed, together with control measures to obtain maximum benefits.
9 Conway, G.; Wilson, K. 2012. One billion hungry: can we feed the world? Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell University Press. 439p.
Hunger ; Poverty ; Food security ; Green revolution ; Intensification ; Technology ; Crop production ; Livestock ; Farmers ; Pest control ; Climate change ; Greenhouse gases ; Agroforestry ; Biodiversity ; Grazing ; Groundwater ; Water scarcity ; Income ; Smallholders ; Women ; Soil ; Fertilizers ; Developing countries / Asia / Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 339.46 G000 CON Record No: H045168)
(0.22 MB)
10 Matsuda, S.; Nakamura, K.; Hung, T.; Quang, L. X.; Horino, H.; Hai, P. T.; Ha, N. D.; Hama, T. 2022. Paddy ponding water management to reduce methane emission based on observations of methane fluxes and soil redox potential in the Red River Delta, Vietnam. Irrigation and Drainage, 71(1):241-254. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.2645]
Water management ; Paddy fields ; Ponding ; Methane emission ; Greenhouse gases ; Soil ; Redox potential ; Deltas ; Water conservation ; Irrigation ; Water levels ; Flooding ; Evapotranspiration / South East Asia / Vietnam / Red River Delta
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051040)
(2.85 MB)
Reducing methane (CH4) emissions from paddy fields that contribute to the greenhouse effect has been addressed recently through the application of the alternate wetting and drying irrigation method. However, in poorly drained areas, such as the Red River Delta in Vietnam, the soil cannot be dried immediately, and so CH4 can continue to be produced unintentionally. Therefore, the purpose of this case study was to identify the optimal ponding water management schedule to reduce CH4 emissions by using the measured data of ponding depth, soil redox potential (Eh), and CH4 fluxes from field experiments and to show its effects on CH4 emission and water conservation. Observations in the winter–spring cropping season showed that the non-flooding period of 3–8 days suppressed CH4 emission, and the continuous flooding period of 14–22 days caused CH4 re-emission. Information regarding the non-flooding period to be maintained and the flooding period to be avoided to suppress CH4 emission was not obtained for the summer–autumn cropping season due to abundant rainfall. The proposed schedule could suppress CH4 emission by 27%–85% and increase the amount of conserved water by up to 18% compared with traditional flooding protocols, but it may increase irrigation water due to the frequency and the amount of re-flooding.
11 Gurusinghe, Thilina; Muthuwatta, Lal; Matheswaran, Karthikeyan; Dickens, Chris. 2024. Developing a foundational hydrological model for the Limpopo River Basin using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool Plus (SWAT+). Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Initiative on Digital Innovation. 14p.
Hydrological modelling ; River basins ; Soil ; Water resources ; Rainfall ; Climate change ; Forecasting ; Transboundary waters ; Stream flow ; Discharge ; Riparian zones ; Stakeholders / Southern Africa / South Africa / Botswana / Zimbabwe / Mozambique / Limpopo River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H053061)
This study aimed to create a foundational hydrological model for the transboundary Limpopo River Basin (LRB) in Southern Africa using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool Plus (SWAT+) model. The model is a crucial part of a larger project to develop a digital twin of the river basin. The SWAT+ model simulated streamflow and other important hydrological processes in the LRB, using various data sources such as global gridded rainfall and other weather parameters, soils, landcover datasets, and in-situ discharge measurements from seven locations in South Africa for calibration and validation. The automatic calibration routine IPEAT+, freely available as part of the SWAT+ framework, was used for model calibration. The model was run for 23 years, from 2001 to 2023, with the calibration and validation periods varying for each gauge location. The calibration of the LRB SWAT+ model primarily consists of the discharge data from South Africa with Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique still awaited from the stakeholders. The results showed that the foundational LRB SWAT+ model achieved a good performance in simulating streamflow in the South Africa part of the LRB, with Nash Sutcliffe efficiency values ranging from 0.42 to 0.69. Further calibration in other sub-basins and the incorporation of additional reservoir data are expected to improve the overall performance of the LRB SWAT+ model.
The partially calibrated and validated foundational SWAT+ model for the LRB (mainly in the South Africa part of LRB) will be the initial core of a river basin digital twin that is under development. It will integrate seasonal rainfall forecasts to simulate seasonal water availability. The fully calibrated foundational SWAT+ LRB model is expected to be available by the end of this year. It will serve as the basis for several planned applications as part of the LRB DT. The first application will focus on deriving flow patterns in the LRB catchment under unaltered natural conditions. The next application will concentrate on integrating ECMWF seasonal rainfall forecasts to predict water availability at 310 sub-basins and key channel reaches critical for environmental flows in the LRB. An updated version of the SWAT+ LRB foundational model is currently in progress. It aims to enhance the representation of reservoirs and their operations within the SWAT+ model and provide additional calibration sites within different sub-basins. This model will act as a baseline to create multiple planned applications co-developed with stakeholders.
The partially calibrated and validated foundational SWAT+ model for the LRB (mainly in the South Africa part of LRB) will be the initial core of a river basin digital twin that is under development. It will integrate seasonal rainfall forecasts to simulate seasonal water availability. The fully calibrated foundational SWAT+ LRB model is expected to be available by the end of this year. It will serve as the basis for several planned applications as part of the LRB DT. The first application will focus on deriving flow patterns in the LRB catchment under unaltered natural conditions. The next application will concentrate on integrating ECMWF seasonal rainfall forecasts to predict water availability at 310 sub-basins and key channel reaches critical for environmental flows in the LRB. An updated version of the SWAT+ LRB foundational model is currently in progress. It aims to enhance the representation of reservoirs and their operations within the SWAT+ model and provide additional calibration sites within different sub-basins. This model will act as a baseline to create multiple planned applications co-developed with stakeholders.
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