Your search found 21 records
1 ICID. 2005. Evaluation of draft ICID handbook on SDTA. Fourth International Workshop on Sustainable Development of Tidal Areas. 19th Congress and 56th IEC, International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, Beijing, China, 13 September 2005, organized by Working Group on Sustainable Development of Tidal Areas in cooperation with Korean National Committee of ICID & Chinese National Committee of ICID. iv, 307p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: ICID 551.463 G000 ICI Record No: H037751)
2 Kuroda, M. 2005. Water management in creek-field system. In ICID, Evaluation of draft ICID handbook on SDTA. Fourth International Workshop on Sustainable Development of Tidal Areas. 19th Congress and 56th IEC, International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, Beijing, China, 13 September 2005, organized by Working Group on Sustainable Development of Tidal Areas in cooperation with Korean National Committee of ICID & Chinese National Committee of ICID. pp.67-79.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: ICID 551.463 G000 ICI Record No: H037755)
3 Lee, D. B. 2005. Desalination of the reclaimed tideland. In ICID, Evaluation of draft ICID handbook on SDTA. Fourth International Workshop on Sustainable Development of Tidal Areas. 19th Congress and 56th IEC, International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, Beijing, China, 13 September 2005, organized by Working Group on Sustainable Development of Tidal Areas in cooperation with Korean National Committee of ICID & Chinese National Committee of ICID. pp.174-179.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: ICID 551.463 G000 ICI Record No: H037763)
4 Akae, T.; Nukumizu, H.; Nagahori, K. 2005. Land drying practice and its effects on soil properties in reclaimed lands. In ICID, Evaluation of draft ICID handbook on SDTA. Fourth International Workshop on Sustainable Development of Tidal Areas. 19th Congress and 56th IEC, International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, Beijing, China, 13 September 2005, organized by Working Group on Sustainable Development of Tidal Areas in cooperation with Korean National Committee of ICID & Chinese National Committee of ICID. pp.180-187.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: ICID 551.463 G000 ICI Record No: H037764)
5 Taniguchi, Y.; Sato, S. 2005. Community participation for creating sustainable agriculture in reclaimed land: A case of Ogata, Japan. In ICID, Evaluation of draft ICID handbook on SDTA. Fourth International Workshop on Sustainable Development of Tidal Areas. 19th Congress and 56th IEC, International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, Beijing, China, 13 September 2005, organized by Working Group on Sustainable Development of Tidal Areas in cooperation with Korean National Committee of ICID & Chinese National Committee of ICID. pp.203-212.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: ICID 551.463 G000 ICI Record No: H037765)
6 2005. The Hachirogata Reclamation Project: The establishment of modern reclamation technology and the birth of large-scale mechanized agriculture. In ICID, Evaluation of draft ICID handbook on SDTA. Fourth International Workshop on Sustainable Development of Tidal Areas. 19th Congress and 56th IEC, International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, Beijing, China, 13 September 2005, organized by Working Group on Sustainable Development of Tidal Areas in cooperation with Korean National Committee of ICID & Chinese National Committee of ICID. pp.251-257.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: ICID 551.463 G000 ICI Record No: H037767)
7 Park, S. H.; Choi, K. W.; Lee, K. Y.; Um, M. C.; An, J. S. 2005. Possibility of the Byeokgolje Dam as a dike in the tidal area. In ICID, Evaluation of draft ICID handbook on SDTA. Fourth International Workshop on Sustainable Development of Tidal Areas. 19th Congress and 56th IEC, International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, Beijing, China, 13 September 2005, organized by Working Group on Sustainable Development of Tidal Areas in cooperation with Korean National Committee of ICID & Chinese National Committee of ICID. pp.266-276.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: ICID 551.463 G000 ICI Record No: H037769)
8 Ju, W. J.; Kim, J. T.; Jeong, B. H. 2005. Estimating supplement water in pre-constructed reclamation area of Yeongsan District. In ICID, Evaluation of draft ICID handbook on SDTA. Fourth International Workshop on Sustainable Development of Tidal Areas. 19th Congress and 56th IEC, International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, Beijing, China, 13 September 2005, organized by Working Group on Sustainable Development of Tidal Areas in cooperation with Korean National Committee of ICID & Chinese National Committee of ICID. pp.277-285.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: ICID 551.463 G000 ICI Record No: H037770)
9 Hong, C. Z.; Deog-Bae, L. 2005. Utilization and reclamation of tidal land in Jiangsu Province of China. In ICID, Evaluation of draft ICID handbook on SDTA. Fourth International Workshop on Sustainable Development of Tidal Areas. 19th Congress and 56th IEC, International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage, Beijing, China, 13 September 2005, organized by Working Group on Sustainable Development of Tidal Areas in cooperation with Korean National Committee of ICID & Chinese National Committee of ICID. pp.286-294.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: ICID 551.463 G000 ICI Record No: H037771)
10 Hitinayake, H. M.G. S. B. 2005. Causes and issues related to conservation of catchments of micro tanks in the dry and intermediate zones of Sri Lanka. In Galagedara, L. W. (Ed.). Water resources research in Sri Lanka: Symposium Proceedings of the Water Professional’s Day 2005. Peradeniya, Sri Lanka: PGIA. pp.69-84.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7 G744 GAL Record No: H040707)
11 Mahjoub, O.; Leclercq, M.; Bachelot, M.; Casellas, C.; Escande, A.; Balaguer, P.; Bahri, Akissa; Gomez, E.; Fenet, H. 2009. Estrogen, aryl hydrocarbon and pregnane X receptors activities in reclaimed water and irrigated soils in Oued Souhil area (Nabeul, Tunisia). Desalination, 246(1-3):425-434. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2008.03.064]
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H042703)
(0.30 MB)
Secondary effluents (SE) contain xenobiotic organics (XO) that may cause disturbance in living organisms. When SE are reused in agriculture, contamination of soils by XO is of concern. In this study, SE used for irrigation/aquifer recharge in Oued Souhil area (Nabeul, Tunisia), as well as effluents irrigated soils, were tested for their XO load. Estrogen receptor (ER), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR) in vitro based bioassays were used to assess potential activities of XO. Results were expressed as estrogen equivalent (E2 Eq), dioxin equivalent (TCDD Eq) and rifampicine equivalent (Rf Eq). Reclaimed water showed activities with 77.58 pM E2 Eq/L, 319.5 pM TCDD Eq/L and 197 nM Rf Eq/L. Instrumental analysis (GC/MS) revealed the presence of nonylphenol isomers mixture (NPm) (6600 ng/L) and pyrene (32 ng/L). In infiltration basin soil, activities and chemical compounds were the same as those detected in reclaimed water. In the irrigated plot, no estrogenic activity was observed, though AhR and PXR activities were detected. These results emphasize the transfer of active XO from reclaimed water to soils and their relative persistence. Further studies on mobility and persistence of mid-polar and polar active XO in soils should be examined in order to explain the observed activities.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044254)
(0.23 MB)
This paper is a review of the international literature concerning both the positive and negative effects on the environment and public health of the use of treated or non-treated wastewater for agricultural irrigation. It includes not only physical but also social and economic aspects. The extent of the use of treated and non-treated wastewater for agriculture is discussed along with its drivers. The data clearly show that non-treated wastewater is used more commonly than treated wastewater. This occurs mainly in around urban and peri-urban areas where municipal wastewater is produced that is better suited to this practice. The impacts observed on agricultural production, human health, the quality of the irrigation water, groundwater and surface water sources, food security, animal health, the local economy, reduction of poverty and food exports are presented, considering especially developing countries. These factors are further discussed to gain an understanding of how the practice, if well managed, contributes to sustainable development. Barriers to increasing the reuse of wastewater to irrigate are explained, considering the social perception in both developed and developing countries. The importance of reusing wastewater to reclaim water and nutrients are summarized. The positive and negative impacts resulting from the expected increase in the practice are discussed, together with control measures to obtain maximum benefits.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045614)
(1.72 MB)
Managing salinity in irrigated agriculture is crucial for minimising its negative environmental impacts and for ensuring the long-term sustainability of irrigated agriculture. It demands establishing rapid monitoring systems that help develop sustainable management plans. Remote sensing offers several advantages over the conventional proximal methods to map and predict areas at salinity risk. This paper presents an integrated approach to characterize soil salinity using remotely-sensed data in the District Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. The IRS-1B LISS-II digital data was acquired and analysed in combination with field data and topographical maps. Remotely-sensed data based salinity indices or band combinations were developed to monitor the occurrence pattern of salt-affected soils. Using supervised maximum likelihood classification, the images were classified into eight land use classes with an overall accuracy of around 90%. The classified images showed that 22.2% of the total area was under salt-affected soils in 1992. The occurrence pattern of salt-affected soils varied with positive and negative trends during 1992–1995 to a minimum of 10.6%. The delineation analysis into levels of saline soils revealed three types based on USDA classification (USDA, 1954). The slightly saline, moderately saline and strongly saline soils during 1992 were in the order of 15%, 3%, and 1% respectively. The interactive behaviour of salinity and sodicity and their combinations showed that saline-sodic soils occurred predominantly ranging from 6.9% to 17.3% of the salt-affected soils. The shallow watertable was found to be of hazardous quality in 28% of the study area. The relationship between salt-affected soils, waterlogged soils and groundwater quality revealed that 60–70% of the salt-affected soils occurred in shallow watertable areas during 1992–1995. The reuse of poor quality groundwater for irrigation and the failure of tile drainage system in the area are likely to further increase the risk of salinisation in the Indus Basin of Pakistan.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy SF Record No: H047924)
15 Garcia, M.; Smidt, E.; de Vries, J. J. 2018. Emergence and evolution of groundwater management and governance. In Villholth Karen G.; Lopez-Gunn, E.; Conti, K.; Garrido, A.; Van Der Gun, J. (Eds.). Advances in groundwater governance. Leiden, Netherlands: CRC Press. pp.33-54.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H048540)
16 Ivars, B.; Venot, J.-P. 2019. Grounded and global: water infrastructure development and policymaking in the Ayeyarwady Delta, Myanmar. Water Alternatives, 12(3):1038-1063.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049352)
(1.44 MB) (1.44 MB)
Seen as hotspots of vulnerability in the face of external pressures such as sea level rise, upstream water development, and extreme weather events but also of in situ dynamics such as increasing water use by local residents and demographic growth, deltas are high on the international science and development agenda. What emerges in the literature is the image of a 'global delta' that lends itself to global research and policy initiatives and their critique. We use the concept of 'boundary object' to critically reflect on the emergence of this global delta. We analyse the global delta in terms of its underpinning discourses, narratives, and knowledge generation dynamics, and through examining the politics of delta-oriented development and aid interventions. We elaborate this analytical argument on the basis of a 150-year historical analysis of water infrastructure development and policymaking in the Ayeyarwady Delta, paying specific attention to recent attempts at developing an Integrated Ayeyarwady Delta Strategy (IADS) and the role that the development of this strategy has played in the 'making' of the Ayeyarwady Delta as a global delta. This lays the groundwork for a broader critique of recent efforts to promote a 'Dutch Delta Approach' internationally, which we contend not only contributes to, but also aims at, making this global delta a boundary object. Such efforts play a key role in structuring an ever-expanding actor network supporting delta research and (sustainable/integrated) development. However, the making of a boundary object such as the global delta also hinges on depoliticising (delta) development. This, we consider to be problematic notably in the context of Myanmar where land and water politics have strongly shaped the changes the Ayeyarwady Delta has and will continue to witness.
17 Clement, Floriane; Harcourt, W. J.; Joshi, Deepa; Sato, C. (Eds.) 2019. Feminist political ecologies of the commons and commoning. International Journal of the Commons; International Journal of the Commons, 13(1):1-174. (Special issue with contributions by IWMI authors)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049383)
(0.29 MB)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050810)
(0.68 MB) (700 KB)
The availability of freshwater is evolving as a serious threat to the living community throughout the world due to rapid industrialization, urbanization, and rising population. The depletion of groundwater due to excessive water withdrawal and reduced recharge and pollution of the water sources also contributes to this water crisis. The rising pressure on water supplies encourages the use of treated wastewater as an alternative resource. In this study, a global outlook of the developments in water reuse is presented with a focus on the Indian scenario. It can be observed that though there is a scope for water reuse in India owing to the generation of a high volume of wastewater, it is often squandered due to limited research and guidance, and unreliable institutional framework. It is suggested that the reuse of wastewater requires the development of an integrated approach considering all the factors related to technical feasibility, financial viability, and social acceptance together with a guiding management structure that may augment the existing water supplies.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050855)
(0.49 MB)
This review identifies the potentials and constraints of using (partially) treated or blended wastewater for irrigation in order to assess the potentials in the context of cities in sub-Saharan Africa, specifically Maputo, the capital of Mozambique. Less than 5% of the wastewater produced in the region is being treated. Nonetheless, untreated, partially treated, and/or blended wastewater is extensively being used for agricultural purposes. Despite the last updated WHO 2006 guidelines for ‘wastewater use in agriculture’, authorities only consider the different water quality parameters at the point of use. Other aspects such as irrigation type, crop management and post harvesting practices, which clearly influence the contaminant log reduction, are simply ignored. Those parameters, however, are considered alternatives to a classic contaminant log reduction, which may be very beneficial for developing countries. In a more holistic approach, trade-off is favoured between the required water quality for irrigation, use of affordable treatment technologies, and adequate post-harvest strategies to reduce the current health risks to acceptable levels. Such a trade-off makes use of multiple barrier approach, whereby wastewater treatment and critical point barriers throughout the supply chain are combined. Thus, there is a long way ahead to achieve proper water reclamation for productive use; the current paradigm has to change. Current restrictive guidelines are unrealistic given current practices, and approaches more appropriate to the location's situation still need to be developed. A multiple barrier approach in combination with master planning is recommended to consider wastewater treatment and critical point barriers throughout the supply chain.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052556)
(4.23 MB) (4.23 MB)
Egypt’s quota of Nile River water has been constant since the 1950s, despite the continual agricultural land expansion. To facilitate land reclamation, Egypt has reallocated Nile water from downstream users, mostly smallholders in the ‘old lands’ of the Delta. As water demands have grown, more attention has gone to the reuse of waste/drainage water as a reliable source for irrigated agriculture in the “old lands”. Recently, new mega plants for drainage water treatment have been built to promote reclamation of ‘new lands’ in desert-front governorates located outside the Nile Delta. Through these plants and the related water conveyance infrastructure, drainage water from the ‘old lands’ is now being collected, treated, and reallocated to these newly reclaimed areas. This article scrutinizes this transformation of access to drainage water, examining who benefits and what implications it holds for smallholder farmers in the old lands. The analysis suggests that waste/drainage water reclamation schemes do not tap into unused water but actually risk depriving smallholders in the Nile Delta of water access. It argues that more attention should be given to existing informal reuse arrangements and that smallholders’ access to water is guaranteed in light of new drainage water reuse projects.
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