Your search found 3 records
1 Mishra, A.; Anand, A.; Singh, R.; Raghuwanshi, N. S. 2001. Hydraulic modeling of Kangsabati main canal for performance assessment. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 127(1):27-34.
Irrigation canals ; Operations ; Flow control ; Simulation models ; Hydraulics ; Distributary canals ; Performance evaluation ; Irrigation management / India / West Bengal / Kangsabati
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H027917)
2 Patra, K.; Parihar, C. M.; Nayak, H. S.; Rana, B.; Sena, Dipaka R.; Anand, A.; Reddy, K. S.; Chowdhury, M.; Pandey, R.; Kumar, A.; Singh, L. K.; Ghatala, M. K.; Sidhu, H. S.; Jat, M. L. 2023. Appraisal of complementarity of subsurface drip fertigation and conservation agriculture for physiological performance and water economy of maize. Agricultural Water Management, 283:108308. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2023.108308]
Conservation agriculture ; Subsurface irrigation ; Drip fertigation ; Drip irrigation ; Nitrogen-use efficiency ; Water productivity ; Maize ; Photosynthesis ; Irrigation management ; Irrigation water ; Irrigation methods ; Water-use efficiency ; Tillage ; Residues ; Leaf area index ; Crop yield ; Economic analysis ; Technology / India / Punjab
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051898)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378377423001737/pdfft?md5=f53db56ada3c45b634c4587196f5b402&pid=1-s2.0-S0378377423001737-main.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051898.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051898.pdf
(3.00 MB) (3.00 MB)
The Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) in north-west (NW) India are facing a severe decline in ground water due to prevalent rice-based cropping systems. To combat this issue, conservation agriculture (CA) with an alternative crop/s, such as maize, is being promoted. Recently, surface drip fertigation has also been evaluated as a viable option to address low-nutrient use efficiency and water scarcity problems for cereals. While the individual benefits of CA and sub-surface drip (SSD) irrigation on water economy are well-established, information regarding their combined effect in cereal-based systems is lacking. Therefore, we conducted a two-year field experiment in maize, under an ongoing CA-based maize-wheat system, to evaluate the complementarity of CA with SSD irrigation through two technological interventions–– CA+ (residue retained CA + SSD), PCA+ (partial CA without residue + SSD) – at different N rates (0, 120 and 150 kg N ha-1) in comparison to traditional furrow irrigated (FI) CA and conventional tillage (CT) at 120 kg N ha-1. Our results showed that CA+ had the highest grain yield (8.2 t ha-1), followed by PCA+ (8.1 t ha-1). The grain yield under CA+ at 150 kg N ha-1 was 27% and 30% higher than CA and CT, respectively. Even at the same N level (120 kg N ha-1), CA+ outperformed CA and CT by 16% and 18%, respectively. The physiological performance of maize also revealed that CA+ based plots with 120 kg N ha-1 had 12% and 3% higher photosynthesis rate at knee-high and silking, respectively compared to FI-CA and CT. Overall, compared to the FI-CA and CT, SSD-based CA+ and PCA+ saved 54% irrigation water and increased water productivity (WP) by more than twice. Similarly, a greater number of split N application through fertigation in PCA+ and CA+ increased agronomic nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and recover efficiency by 8–19% and 14–25%, respectively. Net returns from PCA+ and CA+ at 150 kg N ha-1 were significantly higher by US$ 491 and 456, respectively than the FI-CA and CT treatments. Therefore, CA coupled with SSD provided tangible benefits in terms of yield, irrigation water saving, WP, NUE and profitability. Efforts should be directed towards increasing farmers’ awareness of the benefits of such promising technology for the cultivating food grains and commercial crops such as maize. Concurrently, government support and strict policies are required to enhance the system adaptability.
3 Rana, B.; Parihar, C. M.; Jat, M. L.; Patra, K.; Nayak, H. S.; Reddy, K. S.; Sarkar, A.; Anand, A.; Naguib, W.; Gupta, N.; Sena, Dipaka R.; Sidhu, H. S.; Singh, R.; Singh, R.; Abdallah, A. M. 2023. Combining sub-surface fertigation with conservation agriculture in intensively irrigated rice under rice-wheat system can be an option for sustainably improving water and nitrogen use-efficiency. Field Crops Research, 302:109074. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2023.109074]
Subsurface irrigation ; Drip irrigation ; Water-use efficiency ; Nitrogen-use efficiency ; Crop yield ; Fertigation ; Conservation agriculture ; Irrigated rice / India / Indo-Gangetic Plains / Punjab
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052334)
(1.86 MB)
Context: The rice-wheat cropping system in the Indo-Gangetic plains (IGP) of South Asia has been shown to have higher productivity. However, this benefit is offset by the unsustainable over-drafting of groundwater resources. Given the growing scarcity of water, it is imperative to investigate alternative crop establishment and irrigation methods that do not rely on the conventional puddled transplanting method (PTR). Objective: This study aims to assess the impact of combining conservation agriculture-CA with sub-surface drip irrigation-SSD referred to as CA+, at different nitrogen (N) doses on physiological performance, crop yield, irrigation and nitrogen use-efficiency, as well as farm profitability of rice in the north-western IGP of India. Method: A two-year field experiment was conducted to assess the effects of medium-term CA and the combination of CA with SSD (CA+) at three levels of N (0%, 75%, and 100% of the recommended dose), in comparison to PTR using recommended dose of nitrogen-RDN (120 kg N ha-1). Indicators of crop growth (under CA, CA+), i.e., biomass, grain yield, water-use, water-use efficiency (WUE), nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE), and economic analysis of rice production were evaluated and compared with PTR. Result: The results revealed that the PTR plots produced 15% and 11% higher grain yield than CA and CA+ systems, respectively, even at 100%RDN, due to a significantly higher number of fertile tillers. However, the application of 100%RDN and irrigation through SSD resulted in a significant increase in nitrogen uptake (4.5%) and remobilization (7.5%) into the grain compared to PTR. The CA+ plots demonstrated a reduction in irrigation water usage by 1.5 and 2 times compared to the CA and PTR systems, leading to a respective increase in WUE by 1.6% and 1.8%. PTR exhibited highest net returns, while the CA+ treatment– SSD-N100 achieved the highest benefit-cost ratio. Conclusion: The combination of CA with SSD at 100%RDN offers significant benefits, including notable water saving, improved WUE, NUE and crop yield. This integrated approach presents a promising solution to address the pressing issues of food security and sustainability arising from water scarcity and groundwater depletion in South Asia. Future implication: There is a need to increase awareness among farmers about the benefits of CA coupled with SSD i.e., CA+ , for water-intensive rice-based systems. Additionally, further research should focus on identifying ideal rice cultivars suitable for CA+ systems and determining the optimal specifications for drip lines and emitter discharge rates for diverse water-scarce agro-ecological conditions.
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