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1 Kinzelbach, W.; Kunstmann, H.. 1998. Sustainable management of groundwater resources. In Stockholm International Water Institute, Proceedings, Stockholm Water Symposium, Stockholm, August 10-13, 1998: Water - The key to socio-economic development and quality of life. Stockholm, Sweden: SIWI. pp.189-198.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 STO Record No: H023917)
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.5 G000 WAT Record No: H026697)
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H037874)
4 Ahrends, H.; Mast, M.; Rodgers, C.; Kunstmann, H.. 2007. Coupled hydrological - economic modelling for optimised irrigated cultivation in a semi-arid catchment of West Africa. Environmental Modelling and Software, 23(4):385-395.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: P 7964 Record No: H040459)
5 Yilmaz, K. K.; Yucel, I.; Gupta, H.V.; Wagener, T.; Yang, D.; Savenjie, H.; Neale, C.; Kunstmann, H.; Pomeroy, J. (Eds.) 2009. New approaches to hydrological prediction in data-sparse regions: proceedings of symposium HS.2 at the Joint Convention of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) and the International Association of Hydrogeologists (IAH), Hyderabad, India, 6-12 September 2009. Wallingford, UK: International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS). 342p. (IAHS Publication 333)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 551.48 G000 YIL Record No: H044653)
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(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048302)
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Water resources are a major source of economic development for most West African (WA) countries. There is, however inadequate information on these resources for the purposes of planning, decision-making and management. This paper explores the potential for using a state of the art hydrological model (WRF-Hydro) in a fully coupled (i.e. land surface hydrology-atmosphere) mode to assess these water resources, particularly the Tono basin in Ghana. The WRFHydro model is an enhanced version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) which allows simulating river discharge. A 2-domain configuration is chosen: an outer domain at 25 km horizontal resolution encompassing the West African Region and an inner domain at 5 km horizontal resolution centered on the Tono basin. The infiltration partition parameter and Manning’s roughness parameter were calibrated to fit the WRF-Hydro simulated discharge with the observed data. The simulations were done from 1999 to 2003, using 1999 as a spin-up period. The results were compared with TRMM precipitation, CRU temperature and available observed hydrological data. The WRF-Hydro model captured the attributes of the “observed” streamflow estimate; with Nash-Sutcliff efficiency (NSE) of 0.78 and Pearson’s correlation of 0.89. Further validation of model results is based on using the output from the WRF-Hydro model as input into a water balance model to simulate the dam levels. WRF-Hydro has shown the potential for use in water resource planning (i.e. with respect to streamflow and dam level estimation). However, the model requires further improvement with respect to calibration of model parameters (e.g. baseflow and saturated hydraulic conductivity) considering the effect of the accumulation of model bias in dam level estimation.
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