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1 Zwarteveen, M.; Neupane, N.. 1995. Gender aspects of irrigation management: The Chhattis Mauja Irrigation System in Nepal. Asia-Pacific Journal of Rural Development, 5(1):1-26.
Gender ; Irrigation management ; Woman's status ; Farmer participation ; Female labor ; Households ; Water allocation / Nepal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: PER, IIMI 631.7088042 G726 ZWA Record No: H017812)
(1.88 MB)
Although irrigated farming in the head end of the Chhattis Mauja irrigation system in Nepal is increasingly the responsibility of women, female farmers do not formally participate in the schemes' organization. However, women's non-involvement as formal members in meetings, and the lack of female representation in the organization does not seem to negatively affect their access to irrigation services. On the contrary, women succeed extremely well in getting their irrigation needs accommodated. This is due partly to the very fact that they are not formally participating in the scheme's management; this allows them to take more water than they are entitled to and to contribute less labor to maintenance than they should without being punished. Because women are not recognized as members, the organization faces difficulties in enforcing its rules on women. At the same time, female farmers cunningly make use of the prevailing gender ideology which pictures them as weak and in need of protection. This ideology, although it does not reflect realities as perceived by women themselves, does strengthen them in their negotiations for more water and in their attempts to minimize their contributions to the schemes' maintenance.
2 Zwarteveen, M.; Neupane, N.. 1996. Free-riders or victims: women's nonparticipation in irrigation management in Nepal's Chhattis Mauja Irrigation Scheme. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Irrigation Management Institute (IIMI). v, 21p. (IWMI Research Report 007 / IIMI Research Report 007) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3910/2009.016]
Irrigation management ; Farmer-managed irrigation systems ; Irrigation programs ; Privatization ; Water user associations ; Irrigated farming ; Irrigation canals ; Water delivery ; Water allocation ; Water distribution ; Maintenance ; Gender ; Women in development ; Farmers ; Female labor ; Agricultural manpower ; Households ; Family labor ; Living standards ; Social aspects ; Agricultural production ; Villages ; Social organization ; Farmer-led irrigation ; Performance evaluation / Nepal / Chhattis Mauja Irrigation Scheme
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: IIMI 631.7088042 G726 ZWA Record No: H019765)
(327KB)
Examines multiple factors in women's involvement/non-involvement in irrigation in the Chhattis Mauja irrigation scheme in Nepal. Includes an empirical analysis of the livelihood strategies of farm households, documentation of the level and nature of participation of women and men in the water users' organizations, analysis of women's access to irrigation services, and an examination of the need and desirability of increasing the participation of woman in the scheme organization.
3 Neupane, N.; Amjath Babu, T. S.; Nuppenau, E.-A. 2010. Modelling the bargaining on scarce water resources in the Trans-Himalayan region of Nepal. Paper presented at the Annual Tropical and Subtropical Agricultural and Natural Resource Management (Tropentag) Conference on World Food System - a contribution from Europe, Thematic scientific session on Water management, Zurich, Switzerland, 14 -16 September 2010. 6p. (published online)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H043575)
(0.17 MB) (176.24 KB)
4 Nepal, S.; Neupane, N.; Belbase, D.; Pandey, Vishnu Prasad; Mukherji, Aditi. 2021. Achieving water security in Nepal through unravelling the water-energy-agriculture nexus. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 37(1):67-93. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2019.1694867]
Water security ; Energy sources ; Food security ; Nexus ; Water availability ; Surface water ; Groundwater ; Integrated management ; Water resources ; Water management ; Water governance ; Agricultural water use ; Industrial uses ; Domestic water ; Hydropower ; Water supply ; Irrigation systems ; Climate change ; Environmental sustainability ; Irrigated land ; Urban areas ; Rural areas ; Population growth / Nepal / Terai Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049496)
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07900627.2019.1694867?needAccess=true#aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGFuZGZvbmxpbmUuY29tL2RvaS9wZGYvMTAuMTA4MC8wNzkwMDYyNy4yMDE5LjE2OTQ4Njc/bmVlZEFjY2Vzcz10cnVlQEBAMA==
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049496.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H049496.pdf
(2.65 MB) (2.65 MB)
This article investigates water security in Nepal from the perspective of the water-energy-agriculture (food) nexus, focusing on pathways to water security that originate in actions and policies related to other sectors. It identifies promoting development of Nepal’s hydropower potential to provide energy for pumping as way to improve water security in agriculture. Renewable groundwater reserves of 1.4 billion cubic meters (BCM), from an estimated available balance of 6.9 BCM, could be pumped to irrigate 613,000 ha of rainfed agricultural land in the Terai plains, with a potential direct economic gain of USD 1.1 billion annually and associated benefits including promotion of energy-based industry, food security and local employment. Governance also plays an important role in addressing water security. We conclude that a nexus-based approach is required for effective water management and governance.
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