Your search found 13 records
1 Babovic, V. 1991. Applied hydroinformatics: A control and advisory system for real-time applications. Delft, The Netherlands: IHEE. 134p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 551.48 G000 BAB Record No: H011926)
A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the Master of Science Degree of the International Institute for Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering (IHE) Delft, on the basis of work carried out at the Danish Hydraulic Institute (DHI).
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H012188)
3 Allam, G. Y. 1993. Geographic information systems and expert systems techniques hybrid for developing a DSS for watershed management. Paper presented at Nile 2002 Conference: Comprehensive Water Resources Development of the Nile Basin: Getting started - Poster papers, Aswan, Egypt, 1-6 February 1993. P-4-1-P-4-14.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 333.91 G232 NIL Record No: H012413)
4 Combres, J. C.; Kamieniarz, C. 1992. Un logiciel multi parcelles et multi utilisateurs d'avertissement irrigation et de gestion des perimetres irrigues. ICID Bulletin, 41(2):135-152.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: PER Record No: H012575)
5 Schultz, G. A. 1993. Surface water management: A perspective for the twenty-first century. In Biswas, A. K.; Jellali, M.; Stout, G. E. (Eds.), Water for sustainable development in the twenty-first century. Delhi, India: OUP. pp.70-82.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 333.91 G000 BIS Record No: H014398)
6 Daud, M.; Zohadie, B. M.; Salim, S. 1992. PADI-Ex: An expert system for predicting water use in a paddy irrigation scheme. In Feyen, J.; Mwendera, E.; Badji, M. (Eds.), Advances in planning, design and management of irrigation systems as related to sustainable land use: Proceedings of an International Conference organized by the Center for Irrigation Engineering of the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven in cooperation with the European Committee for Water Resources Management, Leuven, Belgium, 14-17 September 1992. Vol. 2. Leuven, Belgium: Center for Irrigation Engineering. pp.845-851.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.1 G000 FEY Record No: H014466)
7 Martinez-Austria, P.; Mundo-Molina, M. D. 1994. Computer systems for efficient distribution in irrigation districts. In FAO, Irrigation water delivery models: Proceedings of the FAO Expert Consultation, Rome, Italy, 4-7 October 1993. Rome, Italy: FAO. pp.251-265.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7.1 G000 FAO Record No: H018516)
8 Zazueta, F. S. 1995. International developments in microirrigation. In Lamm, F. R. (Ed.), Microirrigation for a changing world: Conserving resources/preserving the environment: Proceedings of the Fifth International Microirrigation Congress, Hyatt Regency Orlando, Orlando, Florida, April 2-6, 1995. St. Joseph, MI, USA: ASAE. pp.314-324.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 631.7 G000 LAM Record No: H018866)
9 Singh, P.; Ahlawat, I. P. S.; Gautam, R. C. (Eds.) 2004. Second International Agronomy Congress “Balancing Food and Environmental Security: A Continuing Challenge,” New Delhi, India, 26-30 November 2002. Proceedings of Second International Agronomy Congress organized by Indian Society of Agronomy & Indian Council of Agricultural Research. vi, 291p.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 630 G000 SIN Record No: H037774)
10 Rafae, A. A. 2004. Use of computer expert systems in agriculture. In Singh, P.; Ahlawat, I. P. S.; Gautam, R. C. (Eds.), Second International Agronomy Congress “Balancing Food and Environmental Security: A Continuing Challenge,” New Delhi, India, 26-30 November 2002 - Proceedings. pp.78-85.
(Location: IWMI-HQ Call no: 630 G000 SIN Record No: H037776)
11 Abeyrathne, B. G. A.; Najim, M. M. M.; Jayatissa, D. N. 2005. Development of a simple sprinkler system designing and pump selection expert system (SSSDPS Expert) In Galagedara, L. W. (Ed.). Water resources research in Sri Lanka: Symposium Proceedings of the Water Professional’s Day 2005. Peradeniya, Sri Lanka: PGIA. pp.39-51.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI 631.7 G744 DAY Record No: H040704)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: 363.7 G000 KER Record No: H042999)
(0.30 MB)
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047905)
(8.75 MB)
The location and persistence of surface water (inland and coastal) is both affected by climate and human activity1 and affects climate2,3 , biological diversity4 and human wellbeing5,6 . Global data sets documenting surface water location and seasonality have been produced from inventories and national descriptions7 , statistical extrapolation of regional data8 and satellite imagery9–12, but measuring long-term changes at high resolution remains a challenge. Here, using three million Landsat satellite images13, we quantify changes in global surface water over the past 32 years at 30-metre resolution. We record the months and years when water was present, where occurrence changed and what form changes took in terms of seasonality and persistence. Between 1984 and 2015 permanent surface water has disappeared from an area of almost 90,000 square kilometres, roughly equivalent to that of Lake Superior, though new permanent bodies of surface water covering 184,000 square kilometres have formed elsewhere. All continental regions show a net increase in permanent water, except Oceania, which has a fractional (one per cent) net loss. Much of the increase is from reservoir filling, although climate change14 is also implicated. Loss is more geographically concentrated than gain. Over 70 per cent of global net permanent water loss occurred in the Middle East and Central Asia, linked to drought and human actions including river diversion or damming and unregulated withdrawal15,16. Losses in Australia17 and the USA18 linked to long-term droughts are also evident. This globally consistent, validated data set shows that impacts of climate change and climate oscillations on surface water occurrence can be measured and that evidence can be gathered to show how surface water is altered by human activities. We anticipate that this freely available data will improve the modelling of surface forcing, provide evidence of state and change in wetland ecotones (the transition areas between biomes), and inform water-management decision-making.
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