Your search found 15 records
1 Schreiner, B. 2015. Water pricing: the case of South Africa. In Dinar, A.; Pochat, V.; Albiac-Murillo, J. (Eds.). Water pricing experiences and innovations. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. pp.289-311. (Global Issues in Water Policy Volume 9)
Water rates ; Pricing ; Water resources ; Water supply ; Water quality ; Water use ; Irrigation water ; Waste reduction ; Urban wastes ; Infrastructure ; State intervention ; Subsidies ; Afforestation ; Environmental services ; Social aspects / South Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy SF Record No: H047128)
South Africa is a water-scarce country with a high level of income inequality, based largely on race. The issue of water pricing for water services and raw water has been shaped over the years to try to address both of these issues and to ensure a revenue stream that, with the parliamentary appropriation, is sufficient to fund the management and infrastructure-related costs of providing water and protecting water resources. This chapter deals with the key aspects of water pricing in South Africa for irrigation, municipal and industrial use, and power generation. It outlines the legal framework for water pricing and how this has been interpreted since the current legislation was promulgated in the late 1990s. It also outlines some of the key debates currently being addressed, such as how to deal with irrigation subsidies, how to address issues of equity, the possible adoption of a national charge for water, and how best to structure infrastructure-related charges.
2 Joly, Gabrielle; Nikiema, Josiane. 2019. Global experiences on waste processing with black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens): from technology to business. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 62p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 16) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2019.214]
Resource recovery ; Resource management ; Reuse ; Waste management ; Waste treatment ; Waste reduction ; Technology ; Black soldier fly ; Hermetia illucens ; Life cycle ; Bioconversion ; Insect farming ; Breeding ; Larvae ; Pupae ; Yields ; Harvesting ; Lipid content ; Animal feeding ; Feedstocks ; Biomass ; Biofuels ; Biodiesel ; Chitin ; Residues ; Organic wastes ; Fertilizers ; Nutrients ; Energy conservation ; Infrastructure ; Monitoring ; Economic impact ; Economic value ; Costs ; Environmental effects ; Legal aspects ; Social benefits ; Public health ; Business models ; Markets ; Case studies / Indonesia / South Africa / Ghana / Canada / FORWARD Project / AgriProtein / Ento-Prise Project / Enterra Feed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H049395)
(1.68 MB)
Black soldier fly colonies can produce about 100 times more protein per year than chicken or soybeans, not to mention cattle, on the same area of land. The flies can directly feed on different types of organic wastes, leapfrogging closed loop processes within a circular food economy. Also, where no protein is needed, for example, to feed fish or pigs, the larvae can be processed into high-quality biodiesel. However, can this be done at scale? The answer is ‘Yes’. The report showcases some of the leading global businesses in Black Soldier Fly production.
3 Reitemeier, Maren; Aheeyar, Mohamed; Drechsel, Pay. 2021. Perceptions of food waste reduction in Sri Lanka’s commercial capital, Colombo. Sustainability, 13(2):838. (Special issue: Sustainable Food Waste Management in Foodservice Establishments) [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13020838]
Food wastes ; Waste reduction ; Strategies ; Waste management ; Food surplus ; Waste treatment ; Recycling ; Resource recovery ; Urban areas ; Landfills ; Stakeholders ; Local authorities ; Awareness raising ; Training ; Policies ; Livestock feed ; Sustainable Development Goals / South Asia / Sri Lanka / Colombo
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050177)
(3.20 MB) (3.20 MB)
In 2019, Sri Lanka introduced two policies that referred to food waste and the need to reduce it. To understand key stakeholders’ readiness in this context, this study analyzed the food waste perceptions of private and public sectors in Colombo (open markets, supermarkets, hotels, restaurants, canteens, food caterers and key authorities). Interviews were carried out with operational managers and public officials, as well as other stakeholders who have roles in food waste redistribution and reuse, such as NGOs and the livestock sector. So far, the food-waste-related policy recommendations lack an operational inter-institutional home which can build on measures, like standards, regulations and incentives. Thus, most food waste reduction initiatives are initiated by NGOs or by the private sector, e.g., by larger hotels and supermarket chains. These entities were ready to lead by example, based on the understanding that urban food waste is an internal (financial) management challenge. Among smaller local entities, food waste was perceived more as an external issue to be handled by the city’s waste collection services. Although perceptions varied between entities generating smaller or larger quantities of food waste, there was general agreement that suboptimal capacities and mechanisms to quantify, monitor and cost food waste generation appeared to be obstacles for in-depth awareness creation and action. There was significant interest in communication platforms for cross-sectoral learning, win/win collaborations with reliable collection (reuse) services that are currently operational, such as those provided by piggeries, as well as surplus redistribution initiatives if food safety and related liabilities can be addressed effectively.
4 Senanayake, Dehaja; Reitemeier, Maren; Thiel, Felix; Drechsel, Pay. 2021. Business models for urban food waste prevention, redistribution, recovery and recycling. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 85p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 19) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2021.208]
Resource recovery ; Resource management ; Reuse ; Food wastes ; Business models ; Waste management ; Urban wastes ; Waste reduction ; Redistribution ; Recycling ; Food consumption ; Food losses ; Waste collection ; Food supply chains ; Stakeholders ; Entrepreneurs ; Public-private partnerships ; Markets ; Incentives ; Energy recovery ; Nutrients ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 12 Responsible production and consumption ; Environmental impact ; Food preservation ; Composting ; Feeds ; Regulations ; Policies ; Awareness raising ; Consumer participation ; Costs
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H050448)
(5.48 MB)
A necessary extension of the concept of Resource Recovery and Reuse with an even higher priority is the prevention and reduction of waste. One concern, in particular, is food waste, which constitutes the largest share of human waste. Target 12.3 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is to ‘halve per capita global food waste at the retail and consumer levels and reduce food losses along production and supply chains, including post-harvest losses, by 2030’. For this report, over 400 businesses were analyzed to identify common approaches and business models to address the food waste challenge. The business models are presented under seven categories – measurement, redistribution, resell, value addition, responsible waste collection, resource recovery, and recycling – with a special focus on their application potential to the Global South.
5 Aheeyar, Mohamed; Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Bandara, A.; Bucatariu, C.; Reitemeier, M.; Drechsel, Pay. 2021. Urban stakeholder analysis for food waste prevention and reduction in Sri Lanka. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 62p.
Food wastes ; Waste reduction ; Stakeholder analysis ; Waste management ; Urban areas ; Municipal authorities ; Local authorities ; Solid wastes ; Food production ; Policies ; Institutions / Sri Lanka / Colombo / Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte / Kaduwela / Moratuwa / Negombo / Kandy / Galle / Jaffna / Kurunegala / Batticaloa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050833)
https://waterdata.iwmi.org/applications/sanitaion/reports/Report%20Institutions_First%20draft.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050833.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050833.pdf
(1.33 MB) (1.33 MB)
6 Aheeyar, Mohamed; Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Bucatariu, C.; Reitemeier, M.; Bandara, A.; Thiel, Felix; Drechsel, Pay. 2021. Governance analysis for urban-wholesale-to-household’s food waste prevention and reduction in Sri Lanka. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 42p.
Food wastes ; Waste reduction ; Governance ; Frameworks ; Urban areas ; Household wastes ; Wholesale markets ; Waste management ; Guidelines ; Legislation ; Policies ; Food safety ; Nutrition ; Climate change ; Institutions / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H050834)
https://waterdata.iwmi.org/applications/sanitaion/reports/Report%20Policy-%20second%20draft.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050834.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H050834.pdf
(1.15 MB) (1.15 MB)
7 Aheeyar, Mohamed; Drechsel, Pay. 2022. The cost of the food we waste: how to change behaviours?. Urban Agriculture Magazine, 38:68.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051319)
https://ruaf.org/assets/2022/08/RUAF-UAM-38-Magazine-July2022-web.pdf#page=35
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051319.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051319.pdf
(0.15 MB) (4.34 MB)
8 Simon, D.; Fauzi, D.; Drechsel, Pay; Melati, K.; Prain, G.; Jintarith, P.; Cavalleri, S. A. E.; Kangogo, D.; Osborne, M. 2022. Food waste minimization and circularity for optimizing urban food system resilience. Indonesia: Think20 (T20). Task Force 4 - Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture. 18p.
Food wastes ; Food losses ; Waste reduction ; Urban agriculture ; Peri-urban agriculture ; Food systems ; Resilience ; Circular economy ; Food security ; Food supply ; Waste management ; Reuse ; Behavioural changes ; Strategies ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Partnerships ; Policies
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H051373)
https://www.t20indonesia.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/Food-waste-minimization-and-circularity-for-optimizing-urban-food-system-resilience_TF4.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051373.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H051373.pdf
(1.37 MB) (1.37 MB)
As urbanization increases, meeting the challenges of urban food supply and food security requires coherent and holistic strategies. Attention too often focuses solely on best practices without addressing the required behavior change. This policy brief highlights the importance of minimizing food loss and waste, which accounts for some 30% of current global production, in order to link and achieve SDGs 2, 11 and 12. The strategy comprises four interrelated elements, namely adopting holistic and circular planning perspectives; facilitating urban and peri-urban farming; integrating innovative behavioral interventions; and providing enabling environments. The G20 has the capacity to act rapidly, without the need for major capital investment, thereby also providing leadership to the entire international community.
9 Aheeyar, Mohamed; Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Bucatariu, C.; Reitemeier, Maren; Bandara, Ayomi; Thiel, Felix; Drechsel, Pay. 2023. Governance analysis for urban wholesale to household’s food waste prevention and reduction in Sri Lanka. Rome, Italy: FAO; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 43p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.4060/cc0174en]
Food wastes ; Waste reduction ; Urban areas ; Wholesale markets ; Household wastes ; Governance ; Frameworks ; Waste management ; Policies ; Regulations ; Guidelines ; Legislation ; Institutions ; Nutrition ; Climate change / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052030)
(1.22 MB) (1.22 MB)
This report explores and analyses the governance framework (i.e. policies, laws, and regulations) relevant to urban food waste (FW) prevention and reduction in the wholesale, retail, hospitality (restaurants, hotels), food services (schools, hospitals), and households in Sri Lanka. The project "Innovative approaches to reduce, recycle and reuse food waste in urban Sri Lanka" was implemented from June 2019 to August 2021 under the oversight of the Ministry of Urban Development and Housing and in collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the International Water Management Institute (IWMI).
10 Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Aheeyar, Mohamed; Wickramasinghe, N.; Bucatariu, C.; Drechsel, Pay. 2023. Case studies on food waste quantification, characterization, and identification of prevention and reduction options in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Rome, Italy: FAO; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 98p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.4060/cb8396en]
Food waste ; Waste reduction ; Waste management ; Case studies ; Strategies ; Best practices ; Environmental impact ; Social impact assessment ; Economic impact ; Financial analysis ; Carbon footprint ; Water scarcity ; Water footprint ; Soil quality ; Wholesale markets ; Food service industry ; Household wastes ; Awareness / Sri Lanka / Colombo
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052086)
(6.04 MB) (6.04 MB)
Food waste (FW) is a key challenge on the sustainable development agenda of countries worldwide. The lack of FW data and insights from its analysis about quantities, causes, and characteristics is a significant obstacle in implementing adequate reduction and prevention interventions for different sectors. The primary purpose of the case studies was to review FW prevention, reduction, and management initiatives. Lessons and best practices that enable and facilitate solutions were identified.
Nine case studies were conducted targeting five sectors: food services (one restaurant and one hotel), wholesale markets (one fruits and vegetables wholesale market), retailers (one retail market, one retail shop, and one supermarket), caterers (one hospital), and households (five middle- and five high-income households). The case studies consisted of a FW audit that measured the amounts generated from various processes and identified drivers/causes and current best practices. Quantification involved physical separation, weighing, and categorizing the different food components. The separation classified quantities into edible and inedible portions. The study also focused on assessing the environmental and socio impacts, based on assessed and categorized FW quantities.
FW is a complex phenomenon where the amount, causes and consequences are contextually different. It is not easy to compare and contrast country-level data and the individual actors in the same country. Therefore, the case study approach has been used in many FW-related studies. Multiple case studies can be expensive and time-consuming to implement. Under this study, we analyzed nine case studies targeting five sectors: food services (four restaurants, a dessert shop and one hotel), wholesale markets (one fruit and vegetable market ), retail markets (one supermarket, one fruit and vegetable retailer, one Dedicated Economic Center), caterers/institutional canteens (one hospital) and households (five middle-income households and five low-income households). Entities were selected based on willingness to participate and an actual FW reduction need.
Nine case studies were conducted targeting five sectors: food services (one restaurant and one hotel), wholesale markets (one fruits and vegetables wholesale market), retailers (one retail market, one retail shop, and one supermarket), caterers (one hospital), and households (five middle- and five high-income households). The case studies consisted of a FW audit that measured the amounts generated from various processes and identified drivers/causes and current best practices. Quantification involved physical separation, weighing, and categorizing the different food components. The separation classified quantities into edible and inedible portions. The study also focused on assessing the environmental and socio impacts, based on assessed and categorized FW quantities.
FW is a complex phenomenon where the amount, causes and consequences are contextually different. It is not easy to compare and contrast country-level data and the individual actors in the same country. Therefore, the case study approach has been used in many FW-related studies. Multiple case studies can be expensive and time-consuming to implement. Under this study, we analyzed nine case studies targeting five sectors: food services (four restaurants, a dessert shop and one hotel), wholesale markets (one fruit and vegetable market ), retail markets (one supermarket, one fruit and vegetable retailer, one Dedicated Economic Center), caterers/institutional canteens (one hospital) and households (five middle-income households and five low-income households). Entities were selected based on willingness to participate and an actual FW reduction need.
11 Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Aheeyar, Mohamed; Drechsel, Pay; Bucatariu, C. 2023. Quantitative analysis of food waste from wholesale to households in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Rome, Italy: FAO; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 43p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.4060/cb7810en]
Food waste ; Wholesale markets ; Households ; Quantitative analysis ; Waste management ; Food service ; Food losses ; Waste reduction ; Urban wastes ; Solid wastes ; Waste collection ; Landfills ; Recycling ; Policies ; Strategies ; Feeds ; Local authorities ; Municipal governments ; Social impact ; Environmental impact ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Case studies / Sri Lanka / Western Province / Colombo / Karadiyana / Kerawalapitiya / Kaduwela
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052087)
(2.03 MB) (2.03 MB)
Currently, in Sri Lanka, strategies to address FW prevention and reduction are being considered by different state and non-state stakeholders. However, in the current scenario, solutions for FW are mostly addressing (bio-)waste management.
Quantifying FW is of paramount importance in understanding the magnitude and socio-economic as well as environmental impacts of the problem. A good understanding of the availability and quality of FW data is a prerequisite for tracking progress on reduction targets, analyzing environmental impacts, and exploring mitigation strategies for FLW (Xue et al., 2019). FW quantification aims at creating a robust evidence base for developing strategies, action plans, and policies towards FW prevention, reduction, and management as well as guide prioritization of actions, evaluation of solutions, and monitoring progress (CEC, 2019).
Quantifying FW is of paramount importance in understanding the magnitude and socio-economic as well as environmental impacts of the problem. A good understanding of the availability and quality of FW data is a prerequisite for tracking progress on reduction targets, analyzing environmental impacts, and exploring mitigation strategies for FLW (Xue et al., 2019). FW quantification aims at creating a robust evidence base for developing strategies, action plans, and policies towards FW prevention, reduction, and management as well as guide prioritization of actions, evaluation of solutions, and monitoring progress (CEC, 2019).
12 Aheeyar, Mohamed; Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Drechsel, Pay; Bucatariu, C. (Eds.) 2023. Proceedings of the multi-actor and multi-disciplinary trainings and consultations on food waste prevention and reduction in Sri Lanka. Project: Innovative approaches to reduce, recycle and reuse urban food waste (TCP SRL 3703; from June 2019 to August 2021). Colombo, Sri Lanka: FAO; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 55p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.4060/cc4224en]
Food waste ; Waste reduction ; Capacity development ; Training ; Waste management ; Awareness-raising ; Policies ; Regulations ; Food supply chains ; Food service ; Retail markets ; Wholesale markets ; Periurban areas ; Stakeholders ; Institutions ; Government agencies ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 12 Responsible production and consumption ; Reuse ; Solid wastes ; Recycling ; Households / Sri Lanka
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052230)
(1.18 MB) (1.18 MB)
Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12.3 of the UN 2030 Agenda calls for halving per capita global food waste (FW) from retail to households. Food waste (FW) prevention and reduction play a major role in ensuring the sustainability of food systems as well as effective Solid Waste Management (SWM). A coherent, coordinated, and complementary approach to quantification causes identification, and scaling up feasible solutions is necessary. Awareness-raising and capacity development for food supply chain actors, the public sector, and civil society organizations is required for successful interventions. The Project Innovative approaches to reduce, recycle and reuse FW in urban Sri Lanka was implemented under the oversight of the Ministry of Urban Development, and Housing in collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) from June 2019 to August 2021. The project produced a series of reports and papers including FAO and IWMI (2021a), FAO and IWMI (2021b), FAO and IWMI (2021c), and FAO and IWMI (2021d) that were used in the awareness creation and capacity development programmes. The major output of the Project was to facilitate knowledge development for and drafting of the Urban Roadmap on FW Prevention, Reduction, Management in Sri Lanka, that includes a comprehensive Action Plan with Monitoring and Evaluation criteria. The objective of this report is to summarize the proceedings of the consultations and sensitization sessions conducted from June 2019 to June 2021.
13 Bodach, Susanne; Athukorala, Aruni Narmada; Wickramaarachchi, Hasintha. 2023. From waste to relief: unlocking the potential for food rescue in low- and middle-income countries. Paper presented at the Annual International Conference on Research in Tropical and Subtropical Agriculture, Natural Resource Management and Rural Development (Tropentag) on Competing Pathways for Equitable Food Systems Transformation: Trade-Offs and Synergies, Berlin, Germany, 20-22 September 2023. 4p.
Food surplus ; Food waste ; Waste reduction ; Circular economy ; Food security ; Partnerships ; Food insecurity ; Policies ; Food safety ; Guidelines ; Regulations ; Transport ; Stakeholders ; Developing countries / UK / Singapore / Malaysia / India / Philippines
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052325)
(0.50 MB) (514 KB)
Food rescue has emerged as a promising approach to address the interrelated issues of food insecurity and food waste. According to the food waste hierarchy, the next best strategy after food waste prevention is to donate surplus food for human consumption. However, while some countries have well-established networks of charities and government support to promote surplus food donation and food rescue in most developing countries is often less structured and smaller in scale. To gain insights into the current landscape of food rescue, this study thoroughly examined existing food rescue operations and systems, mainly from the UK, Singapore, Malaysia, India, and the Philippines. The study also analysed several countries' food rescue policy environments to understand how an enabling environment can be created. A particular focus was set on food safety being a critical consideration when rescuing and donating surplus food. Simplified food safety guidelines, staff training, and adequate storage and transportation facilities are crucial to food safety. Effective partnerships between food rescue organizations, food businesses, government agencies, and other stakeholders are also critical to the success of food rescue efforts. The study found a need to develop such partnerships in developing countries, where they may be less established than in the Global North. To facilitate the development of an enabling environment for food rescue in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the study developed a set of templates, including relevant food safety guidelines, partnership contracts, and policy templates. These resources can serve as valuable tools for stakeholders in LMICs to promote and enhance food rescue efforts that can help address food insecurity and reduce food waste.
14 Aheeyar, Mohamed; Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Bucatariu, C.; Reitemeier, Maren; Drechsel, Pay. 2023. Urban stakeholder analysis for food waste prevention and reduction in Sri Lanka. Rome, Italy: FAO; Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 73p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.4060/cc7950en]
Food waste ; Waste reduction ; Stakeholder analysis ; Food production ; Governance ; Waste management ; Municipal authorities ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Goal 12 Responsible production and consumption / Sri Lanka / Colombo / Sri Jayewardenepura-Kotte / Negombo / Kaduwela / Moratuwa / Jaffna / Kandy / Batticoloa / Kurunegala / Galle
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H052481)
(2.49 MB) (2.49 MB)
Mapping stakeholders and their potential roles for prevention and reduction of food waste (FW) supports a coherent, coordinated and complementary approach to quantification, causes identification and scaling up of feasible solutions for significant returns on investment. State and nonstate stakeholders were mapped in selected municipalities: Colombo metropolitan area (Colombo, Sri Jayewardenepura-Kotte, Negombo, Kaduwela and Moratuwa municipal council areas), Jaffna, Kandy, Batticoloa, Kurunegala and Galle. Stakeholders were grouped into four clusters: producers, enterprises/food business operators, private/public/civil society organizations and households. The stakeholders’ maps guided sensitization and capacity-building sessions whose conclusions fed into the preparation of the National Roadmap on Urban Food Waste Prevention and Reduction for Households, Food services, Retailers and Wholesalers launched on 17 August 2021. According to the analysis, the institutions working on food and/or (bio-)waste can be divided into governmental, semi-governmental, private, and non-governmental. Food safety, quality control and waste management in Sri Lanka is under the umbrella of the central government, provincial council (PC) and local authorities(LAs) that cover governance (e.g. policies and regulations), production, trade, input supply, services, welfare support and research. However, duties and responsibilities are, sometimes, crosscutting and interrelated with overlaps that can lead to poor coordination. An array of institutions at central and provincial levels are engaged to strengthen the food production sector in Sri Lanka. The existing inter-institutional coordination mechanism could be improved. The coordination for knowledge generation and dissemination between national and provincial systems should be strengthened. The report was produced for the project Innovative approaches to reduce, recycle and reuse FW in urban Sri Lanka that was implemented under the oversight of the Ministry of Urban Development and Housing, in collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) from June 2019 to August 2021.
15 International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 2023. IWMI Annual report 2022. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). 56p. [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2023.220]
Water systems ; Food security ; Water security ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Climate change ; Resilience ; Wastewater ; Water reuse ; Energy ; Nexus approaches ; Food waste ; Waste reduction ; Ecosystems ; Climate-smart agriculture ; Solar powered irrigation systems ; Digital innovation ; Migration ; Inclusion ; Policies / Asia / Africa / Middle East / North Africa
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H052585)
(6.96 MB)
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