Your search found 34 records
1 Menard, C.; Ramirez, A. A.; Nikiema, Josiane; Heitz, M. 2012. Biofiltration of methane and trace gases from landfills: a review. Environmental Reviews, 20(1):40-53. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1139/A11-022]
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H044751)
(0.16 MB)
Concerns about biogas from landfills are reviewed in terms of biogas generation, composition, and elimination. Biogas is mainly composed of methane and carbon dioxide but it also contains a few hundred non-methane organic compounds. The solutions available to reduce its harmful effects on the environment and on human health are valorization as electricity or heat, flaring, or biofiltration. The main parameters affecting the biofiltration of methane are reviewed: temperature, moisture content, properties of the packing material, nutrient supply, oxygen requirements, formation of exopolysaccharides, and gas residence time. An analysis is performed on the co-metabolic properties and the inhibition interactions of the methane-degrading bacteria, methanotrophs.
2 Nikiema, Josiane; Cofie, Olufunke; Impraim, Robert; Drechsel, Pay. 2012. Fortified excreta pellets for agriculture. Paper presented at the Second International Faecal Sludge Management Conference, Durban, South Africa, 29 October - 1 November 2012. 5p.
Excreta ; Agricultural production ; Fertilizers ; Composts ; Faeces ; Irradiation ; Pellets ; Starch crops ; Cassava ; Clay ; Moisture content / Ghana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045351)
https://publications.iwmi.org/pdf/H045351.pdf
http://www.susana.org/docs_ccbk/susana_download/2-1624-nikiema.pdf
http://www.susana.org/docs_ccbk/susana_download/2-1624-nikiema.pdf
(0.34 MB)
This paper describes the pelletization process of fecal sludge-based fertilizers. The equipment used for the process was fabricated locally in Ghana. Each fertilizer product was individually used for the production of cylindrical pellets. From the current study, the binding material type (cassava starch, either pregelatinized or pretreated by gamma irradiation, or kaolin clay) and concentration (0 to 10 % in mass) as well as moisture content (20-47%) appeared to be the most critical factors during pellets production. It was noticed that the higher the binder concentration, the higher the stability of pellets. This study confirmed that cassava starch is a preferred binding material and that fixing its concentration at 1-3 % could be enough during the pelletization process. The pellets produced in this project had 7.5 to 7.7 mm in diameter, but their length distribution varied depending on the material used.
3 Weissenbacher, N.; Nikiema, Josiane; Garfi, M.; Figoli, A. 2013. What do we require from water biotechnologies in Africa? Sustainable Sanitation Practice, 14(January):35-40. (Selected contributions from the 1st WATERBIOTECH conference, Cairo, Egypt, 9-11 October 2012).
Wastewater treatment ; Water reuse ; Biotechnology ; Urine ; Sanitation ; Energy demand / Africa / Algeria / Burkina Faso / Egypt / Ghana / Morocco / Senegal
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045620)
http://www.ecosan.at/ssp/selected-contributions-from-the-1st-waterbiotech-conference-9-11-oct-2012-cairo-egypt/SSP-14_Jan2013.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H045620.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H045620.pdf
(1.60 MB) (10.29MB)
When discussing water and sanitation issues, technology is often seen as the key element by many stakeholders. Within a multinational project, the opportunity was taken to analyse the experiences with the existing water infrastructure to look behind this assumption and – if not working satisfactory – to identify the key requirements that obviously have not been met. Following this, it should be possible to prepare a set of requirements to learn from this. A three stage questionnaire for different stakeholder level (authorities, operators and end users) has been launched in Algeria, Burkina Faso, Egypt, Ghana, Morocco, Senegal and Tunisia. Some main obstacles towards sustainable biological wastewater treatment could then be identified. The reader expecting specific technical suggestions might be disappointed but the key messages that are relevant for all the different conditions of the four North African and the three Sub Saharan countries are presented. The given requirements tackle issues that are unfortunately not only of technical nature and are (almost) all linked to each other.
4 Nikiema, Josiane; Figoli, A.; Weissenbacher, N.; Langergraber, G.; Marrot, B.; Moulin, P. 2013. Wastewater treatment practices in Africa - experiences from seven countries. Sustainable Sanitation Practice, 14(January):26-34. (Selected contributions from the 1st
WATERBIOTECH conference, Cairo, Egypt, 9-11 October 2012).
WATERBIOTECH conference, Cairo, Egypt, 9-11 October 2012).
Wastewater management ; Wastewater treatment ; Water reuse ; Sewage sludge ; Ponds ; Sanitation / Africa / Algeria / Burkina Faso / Egypt / Ghana / Morocco / Senegal / Tunisia
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045621)
http://www.ecosan.at/ssp/selected-contributions-from-the-1st-waterbiotech-conference-9-11-oct-2012-cairo-egypt/SSP-14_Jan2013.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H045621.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H045621.pdf
(1.85 MB) (10.29MB)
In this paper, existing wastewater treatment practices in 7 African countries, i.e. Algeria, Burkina Faso, Egypt, Ghana, Morocco, Senegal and Tunisia, are reported. Data were collected by questioning wastewater treatment plants managers as well as treated wastewater users in 2012. This study showed that 0.2 to 63 L/d/person of wastewater are treated in these countries, with the higher levels obtained for North Africa. Technically, treatment plants (mostly activated sludge and waste stabilization ponds) deal with high organic loads, uncontrolled input, power cuts and increasing wastewater flow rates. Poor operation and maintenance (O&M), in part caused by the lack of funds, high energy costs and lack of re-investments, is also a serious reported issue. Consequently, treatment plants often deliver insufficient effluent quality, which negatively affects the environment and acceptability of stakeholders towards the treated water. Other challenges, such as water availability, long-term impacts, financial and social constraints, affecting the reuse, are also discussed.
5 Ahmari, A.; Nikiema, Josiane; Cabana, H. 2013. Application of continuous biofiltration process for treatment of wastewater contaminated by Bisphenol A (BPA). [Abstract only]. Paper presented at the 96th Canadian Chemistry Conference, Quebec, Canada, 26-30 May 2013. 1p.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H045932)
(0.05 MB)
BPA with worldwide production of 4 billion kilograms in 2006 is one of the main emerging pollutants in the world. In 1993 to 2010, around 32.96 tons of BPA was directly discharged to the Canadian environment by industries and in 2008, around11.2 tons specifically have contaminated the water and land. In this project, a series of BPA removal tests was conducted to study the efficiency of a bench scale bio-filter, with a wood chips medium to remove BPA from aqueous solution. Our results showed that the BPA elimination performance was influenced by the hydraulic loading rate and hydrodynamics behavior of the bio-filter. With initial BPA concentration less than 75 ppm, removal efficiency of biofilter was complete and BPA concentration of effluent was not detectable (less than 4.43 ppb).The main two metabolites of BPA biodegradation were 2,2-bis(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanol and 2,3-bis(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-1,2-propanediol. Based on our knowledge, in this project, for the first time biofilter is applied for removal of emerging contaminants from wastewater and the results represents high efficiency of the system.
6 Nikiema, Josiane; Cofie, Olufunke; Impraim, Robert; Adamtey, N. 2013. Processing of fecal sludge to fertilizer pellets using a low-cost technology in Ghana. Environment and Pollution, 2(4):70-87. [doi: https://doi.org/10.5539/ep.v2n4p70]
Fertilizers ; Faecal coliforms ; Sewage sludge ; Pellets ; Composts ; Gamma irradiation ; Moisture content ; Public health ; Analytical methods / Ghana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046116)
http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ep/article/download/28987/17903
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046116.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H046116.pdf
(1.50 MB) (1.51MB)
This paper describes a study that was aimed at optimizing the pelletization of fecal sludge-based fertilizers for agricultural use. The process developed is easy to implement and increases the marketability of the products while also addressing a serious health and environmental challenge. The study took place during the period 2011-2012 in Ghana. The fecal sludge, rich in nutrients and organic matter, was dried and used to produce five different fertilizers (i.e., four formulations of compost and one with gamma irradiated material). Each material was then pelletized using locally constructed machinery. Key operating parameters, such as moisture content (10-55% in mass), binder type (clay or starch) and concentration (0-10% in mass), were varied and their impacts on the characteristics of pellets (e.g., amount of fine materials generated, length distribution or stability of pellets, and pellet disintegration rate) were also followed. Given the low analyzing capabilities of developing countries, some simple analytical methods were developed and used to compare pellets produced under different conditions. The results confirmed that the addition of 3% of pregelatinized starch is recommended during pelletization of fecal sludge-based fertilizers. Applicable moisture contents were also identified per fertilizer type, and were found to comprise between 21 and 43%.
7 Nikiema, Josiane; Cofie, Olufunke; Asante-Bekoe, Barbara; Otoo, Miriam; Adamtey, N. 2014. Potential of locally available products for use as binders in producing fecal compost pellets in Ghana. Environmental Progress and Sustainable Energy, 33(2):504-511. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.11790]
Faeces ; Composts ; Fertilizers ; Binders ; Crops ; Cassava ; Soil fertility ; Costs ; Pelleting ; Clay ; Beeswax ; Classification ; Water holding capacity ; Environmental effects ; Risks / Ghana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046137)
(1.81 MB)
Market studies in Ghana have revealed a potential for composted or cocomposted fecal matter as nutrient source inputs for agricultural production. To increase the marketability of such products, high nutrient value and easier handling/transporting options are among the significant factors which drive demand. Pelletization is seen as a potentially interesting option to address these challenges. To preserve form stability of the pellet products, the addition of a binding material during the pelletization process is crucial. In Ghana, water, beeswax, clay, and cassava starch have been identified as locally available binding materials. A comparative assessment of these materials as a premier binder suitable for pelletization was performed based on predefined criteria. Quantitative criteria considered included the total amounts available, the seasonal variation during the year and cost. Qualitative criteria such as handling and storage conditions, ease of use during pelletization, and the binding ability were also evaluated. Based on this assessment, clay and cassava-based starch were selected as the most promising binding agents. Currently, clay is abundant in Ghana and this may suggest a guarantee for consistent and stable supply over coming years. However, from the perspective of cassava-based starch, this situation depicts limited production of starch and competition on the local markets.
8 Cofie, Olufunke; Van Rooijen, D.; Nikiema, Josiane. 2014. Challenges and opportunities for recycling excreta for peri-urban agriculture in urbanising countries. In Maheshwari, B.; Purohit, R.; Malano, H.; Singh, V. P.; Amerasinghe, Priyanie. (Eds.). The security of water, food, energy and liveability of cities: challenges and opportunities for peri-urban futures. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer. pp.301-310. (Water Science and Technology Library Volume 71)
Suburban agriculture ; Urban agriculture ; Urban areas ; Sanitation ; Health hazards ; Excreta ; Faecal coliforms ; Waste treatment ; Urine ; Recycling ; Organic fertilizers ; Composting ; Food production ; Environmental health / Ghana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H046582)
(0.36 MB)
As urbanisation increases, so does the challenge of meeting water, sanitation and food requirements in urban areas. In particular, the management of human excreta from on-site sanitation facilities remains a challenge and continues to endanger public health and degrades the environment through soil and water pollution. Yet much of the excreta consist of organic matter and nutrients that are valuable inputs for agriculture. Recycling in agriculture has often neglected the recovery of nutrients and organic matter in faecal sludge collected from on-site sanitation facilities in developing countries. Exploring the high proportion of resources in excreta can provide a win–win strategy by reducing the environmental pollution, enhancing soil fertility and therefore improving livelihoods. Challenges to maximising these benefits include: type of sanitation facility used in developing countries, nature of faecal materials, prevailing treatment technologies which are usually designed for waste disposal not for reuse, institutional and market factors as well as negative perceptions regarding excreta use in agriculture. Nevertheless, urban and peri-urban agriculture presents a good opportunity for nutrient recycling, provided that technological and socio-economic strategies for optimum recovery are taken into account. The paper concludes with a description of successful recycling options that can contribute to improving farm productivity, using evidence from Ghana.
9 Impraim, Robert; Nikiema, Josiane; Cofie, Olufunke; Rao, Krishna. 2014. Value from faecal sludge and municipal organic waste: fertilizer cum soil conditioner in Ghana. Paper presented at the 37th WEDC [Water, Engineering and Development Centre] International Conference on Sustainable Water and Sanitation Services for All in a Fast Changing World, Hanoi, Vietnam, 15-19 September 2014. 6p.
Faecal coliforms ; Sewage sludge ; Urban wastes ; Organic wastes ; Waste management ; Soil conditioners ; Nutrients ; Agricultural production ; Productivity ; Sanitation / Ghana
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046659)
(0.39 MB)
Ghana is confronted with waste management challenges. with 20-40% uncollected solid waste in most cities. Also. large volumes of faecal sludge are discharged untreated into the environment. Although these wastes pose serious environmental concerns, they also contain nutrients and organic matter essential for improving soil agricultural productivity. The International Water Management Institute (IWMI), since 2001. has researched into nutrient and organic matter recovery from faecal sludge and organic solid waste in Ghana and some Asian countries such as India, Sri Lanka or Bangladesh. This has led to the production of various formulations of faecal sludge based compost (with "Fortifer" as a generic 'brand '), both in the form ofpellets and powders, and specifically an ongoing project aiming at producing and commercializing the Fortifer in Ghana through a Public Private Partnership. This paper presents a summary of Fortifer technology, project objectives as well as lessons learnt during its implementation.
10 Nikiema, Josiane; Cofie, Olufunke; Impraim, Robert. 2014. Technological options for safe resource recovery from fecal sludge. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 47p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 02) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2014.228]
Faecal coliforms ; Sewage sludge ; Waste treatment ; Excreta ; Resource management ; Recycling ; Organic wastes ; Soil fertility ; Water quality ; Gravity flow ; Filtration ; Composting ; Dewatering ; Nutrients ; Sanitation ; Wetlands ; Case studies
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H046695)
(4 MB)
11 Drechsel, Pay; Keraita, Bernard; Cofie, Olufunke O.; Nikiema, Josiane. 2015. Productive and safe use of urban organic wastes and wastewater in urban food production systems in low-income counties. In de Zeeuw, H.; Drechsel, Pay (Eds.). Cities and agriculture: developing resilient urban food systems. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. pp.162-191.
Waste treatment ; Urban wastes ; Organic wastes ; Solid wastes ; Liquid wastes ; Excreta ; Wastewater treatment ; Water reuse ; Water pollution ; Food production ; Developing countries ; Less favoured areas ; Composting ; Public health ; Farmers
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047225)
http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Publications/Books/PDF/cities_and_agriculture-developing_resilient_urban_food_systems.pdf
http://www.ruaf.org/sites/default/files/7.%20Productive%20and%20safe%20use-min.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047225.pdf
http://www.ruaf.org/sites/default/files/7.%20Productive%20and%20safe%20use-min.pdf
https://vlibrary.iwmi.org/pdf/H047225.pdf
(1.98 MB) (50.6 MB)
12 Cofie, Olufunke; Nikiema, Josiane; Impraim, Robert; Adamtey, N.; Paul, Johannes; Kone, D. 2016. Co-composting of solid waste and fecal sludge for nutrient and organic matter recovery. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 47p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 03) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2016.204]
Resource recovery ; Environmental effects ; Nutrients ; Solid wastes ; Recycling ; Composting ; Faecal coliforms ; Sewage sludge ; Urbanization ; Urban wastes ; Food wastes ; Waste management ; Developing countries ; Farmyard manure ; Excreta ; Soil organic matter ; Organic wastes ; Organic fertilizers ; Public health ; Health hazards ; Sanitation ; Moisture content ; Temperature ; pH ; Microorganisms ; Aeration ; Pathogens ; Emission ; Livestock ; Heavy metals
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047536)
(3 MB)
Biological treatment, composting, in particular, is a relatively simple, durable and inexpensive alternative for stabilizing and reducing biodegradable waste. Co-composting of different waste sources allows to enhance the compost nutrient value. In particular, integration of ‘biosolids’ from the sanitation sector as potential input material for co-composting would provide a solution for the much needed treatment of fecal sludge from on-site sanitation systems, and make use of its high nutrient content. This research paper elaborates in detail the main parameters that govern the co-composting process as well as factors that control the production of a safe and valuable quality compost. It further explains technological options to tailor the final product to crop and farmer needs.
13 Van Rooijen, Daniel; Ampomah, B.; Nikiema, Josiane; Coulibaly, Y. N.; Yiougo, L. 2016. Urban and industrial development. In Williams, Timothy O.; Mul, Marloes L.; Biney, C. A.; Smakhtin, Vladimir (Eds.). The Volta River Basin: water for food, economic growth and environment. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. pp.145-160.
Urban development ; Industrial development ; Industrial uses ; River basins ; Domestic water ; Water use ; Drinking water ; Water supply ; Water power ; Water productivity ; Water resources ; Water quality ; Water reuse ; Irrigated farming ; Wastewater treatment ; Economic development ; Trade ; Tourism / West Africa / Benin / Burkina Faso / Ivory Coast / Ghana / Mali / Togo / Volta River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047730)
14 Gordon, C.; Mensah, A.; Nikiema, Josiane; Drechsel, Pay. 2016. Water quality and public health. In Williams, Timothy O.; Mul, Marloes L.; Biney, C. A.; Smakhtin, Vladimir (Eds.). The Volta River Basin: water for food, economic growth and environment. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan. pp.214-227.
Water quality ; Public health ; Health hazards ; Sanitation ; Waterborne diseases ; Water pollution ; Surface water ; Groundwater ; River basins ; Environmental impact ; Socioeconomic environment ; Nutrients ; Heavy metals ; Pesticides ; Sediment ; Solid wastes / West Africa / Benin / Burkina Faso / Ivory Coast / Ghana / Mali / Togo / Volta River Basin
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047734)
15 Asamoah, Bernice; Nikiema, Josiane; Gebrezgabher, Solomie; Odonkor, Elsie; Njenga, M. 2016. A review on production, marketing and use of fuel briquettes. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 51p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 07) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2017.200]
Fuel consumption ; Charcoal ; Briquettes ; Fuelwood ; Urban wastes ; Solid wastes ; Waste management ; Industrial wastes ; Organic wastes ; Recycling ; Faecal sludge ; Sewage sludge ; Renewable energy ; Domestic consumption ; Households ; Cooking ; Energy resources ; Energy generation ; Feedstocks ; Communities ; Biomass ; Environmental impact ; Agricultural sector ; Residues ; Pollution ; Emission ; Developing countries ; Gender ; Women ; Men ; Youth ; Chemicophysical properties ; Carbon ; Raw materials ; Supply chain ; Enterprises ; Marketing ; Retail marketing ; Production costs ; Small scale systems ; Public health ; Economic aspects / East Africa / Ghana / Kenya / Africa South of Sahara
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H047991)
(2 MB)
Where modern heating and cooking fuels for domestic, institutional, commercial and industrial use are not readily available, briquettes made from biomass residues could contribute to the sustainable supply of energy. This study reviews the briquette making process, looking at the entire value chain starting from the type and characteristics of feedstock used for briquette making to the potential market for briquettes in developing countries. It also analyzes the role that gender plays in briquette production. Depending on the raw materials used and technologies applied during production, fuel briquettes come in different qualities and dimensions, and thus require appropriate targeting of different market segments. Key drivers of success in briquette production and marketing include ensuring consistent supply of raw materials with good energy qualities, appropriate technologies, and consistency in the quality and supply of the briquettes. Creating strong partnerships with key stakeholders, such as the municipality, financiers and other actors within the briquette value chain, and enabling policy are important drivers for the success of briquette businesses.
16 Asamoah, B.; Nikiema, Josiane; Gebrezgabher, Solomie; Odonkor, E.; Njenga, M. 2017. Fuel briquettes – making business sense. Urban Agriculture Magazine, 32:42-43.
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048416)
In recent years, interest in fuel briquetting increased because of the opportunity to utilise agricultural residues and the organic fractions of municipal solid waste for energy, with a potential reduction in environmental pollution levels, and where modern heating and cooking fuels for domestic, institutional, commercial and industrial use are not readily available or affordable.
17 Pradhan, Surendra K.; Nikiema, Josiane; Cofie, Olufunke O.; Heinonen-Tanski, H.; Drechsel, Pay. 2016. Fecal sludge-derived pellet fertilizer in maize cultivation. Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development, 6(3):474-481. [doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2016.160]
Faecal sludge ; Inorganic fertilizers ; Maize ; Sanitation ; Composting ; Organic matter ; Pathogens ; Waste treatment ; Pellets ; Cultivation ; Nutrients
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H048493)
Fecal sludge (FS) contains significant amounts of plant nutrients and organic matter although it also contains pathogens. Therefore, FS can be used as fertilizer after proper sanitization. This study was designed to test dried fecal sludge (DFS)-based pellet fertilizers on maize cultivation. The DFS fertilizers were produced by composting, co-composting with sawdust, or irradiated by gamma-irradiation, and then nitrogen-enriched and pelletized using gelatinized or gamma-irradiated cassava starch. These DFS pellet fertilizers were compared to each other and to no-fertilization, mineral fertilizer, and agro-industrial waste compost. The fertilizer applications were 150 or 210 kgN/ha. Maize was cultivated in pots containing Cambisol and Ferric Lixisol growth media. The EC-SDFS-PG pellet (DFS + sawdust co-composted, enriched with nitrogen and pelletized) at a rate of 210 kgN/ha produced the highest maize yield (4.4 ton/ha) among all other treatments, while mineral fertilizer produced 3.9 ton/ha. It is concluded that the EC-SDFS-PG pellet produces similar or higher maize yields than mineral fertilizer and more than the agro-industrial compost in both growth media types.
18 Joly, Gabrielle; Nikiema, Josiane. 2019. Global experiences on waste processing with black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens): from technology to business. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 62p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 16) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2019.214]
Resource recovery ; Resource management ; Reuse ; Waste management ; Waste treatment ; Waste reduction ; Technology ; Black soldier fly ; Hermetia illucens ; Life cycle ; Bioconversion ; Insect farming ; Breeding ; Larvae ; Pupae ; Yields ; Harvesting ; Lipid content ; Animal feeding ; Feedstocks ; Biomass ; Biofuels ; Biodiesel ; Chitin ; Residues ; Organic wastes ; Fertilizers ; Nutrients ; Energy conservation ; Infrastructure ; Monitoring ; Economic impact ; Economic value ; Costs ; Environmental effects ; Legal aspects ; Social benefits ; Public health ; Business models ; Markets ; Case studies / Indonesia / South Africa / Ghana / Canada / FORWARD Project / AgriProtein / Ento-Prise Project / Enterra Feed
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H049395)
(1.68 MB)
Black soldier fly colonies can produce about 100 times more protein per year than chicken or soybeans, not to mention cattle, on the same area of land. The flies can directly feed on different types of organic wastes, leapfrogging closed loop processes within a circular food economy. Also, where no protein is needed, for example, to feed fish or pigs, the larvae can be processed into high-quality biodiesel. However, can this be done at scale? The answer is ‘Yes’. The report showcases some of the leading global businesses in Black Soldier Fly production.
19 Nikiema, Josiane; Impraim, Robert; Cofie, Olufunke; Nartey, Eric; Jayathilake, Nilanthi; Thiel, Felix; Drechsel, Pay. 2020. Training manual for fecal sludge-based compost production and application. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE). 63p. (Resource Recovery and Reuse Series 15) [doi: https://doi.org/10.5337/2020.200]
Resource recovery ; Resource management ; Reuse ; Waste management ; Waste treatment ; Faecal sludge ; Composting ; Organic fertilizers ; Training materials ; Manuals ; Guidelines ; Best practices ; Organic wastes ; Solid wastes ; Liquid wastes ; Urban wastes ; Feedstocks ; Sludge dewatering ; Aerobic treatment ; Decomposition ; Enrichment ; Pelleting ; Product quality ; Monitoring ; Equipment ; Maintenance ; Safety at work ; Protective clothing ; Health hazards ; Pathogens ; Environmental effects ; Fertilizer technology ; Fertilizer application ; Plant nutrition ; Nitrogen ; Carbon ; Product certification / Ghana / Sri Lanka / Greater Accra Region
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: IWMI Record No: H049476)
(1.96 MB)
Over the last decade, the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) has explored the use of fecal sludge (FS) in combination with other organic waste sources to optimize FS treatment and composting for the production of a safe organic fertilizer, which can – depending on demand – be enriched with crop nutrients or pelletized for volume reduction, delayed decomposition or easier application. Based on IWMI’s experience, this training manual has been compiled for plant managers and trainers to help ensure that staff involved in FS treatment and production, and application of an FS-based co-compost adopt best practices in all processes involved. The manual can be adapted to local needs as required. It also includes information on compost registration and certification, as well as guidelines for co-compost application in the field.
20 Pradhan, Surendra K.; Cofie, Olufunke; Nikiema, Josiane; Heinonen-Tanski, H. 2019. Fecal sludge derived products as fertilizer for lettuce cultivation in urban agriculture. Sustainability, 11(24):7101. [doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/su11247101]
Faecal sludge ; Organic fertilizers ; Urban agriculture ; Lettuces ; Cultivation ; Fertilization ; Soil fertility ; Greenhouse crops ; Sustainable products ; Crop yield ; Nutrients ; Waste management ; Waste treatment ; Composting ; Pellets ; Sludge dewatering ; Enrichment ; Hygiene ; Faecal coliforms ; Soil chemicophysical properties ; Poultry manure / Ghana / Accra
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H049661)
(0.27 MB) (272 KB)
Fecal sludge (FS) contains a significant amount of plant nutrients. FS (treated/untreated) has been used as soil ameliorant in several countries. Use of FS-based compost on lettuce may meet reservations due to possible microbiological contamination. The objectives of this research are: (1) To determine the fertilizer value of different formulations of sawdust and fecal sludge compost (SDFS) pellets, and (2) to compare the effect of these SDFS formulations with poultry manure, commercial compost, mineral fertilizer, and non-fertilization on lettuce cultivation. The SDFS products were made by enriching, and pelletized with ammonium sulphate, mineral-NPK, or ammonium sulphate + muriate of potash + triple superphosphate. Lettuce was cultivated in a greenhouse and an open field. The result showed that the saleable fresh weight lettuce yield obtained from all SDFS pellets with/without enrichments were higher than those obtained from commercial compost, poultry manure, mineral fertilizer, or no fertilizer. Cultivation in the open field gave higher yields than those in the greenhouse. No helminth eggs were detected in composts or lettuces. Some fecal coliforms were detected in lettuces fertilized with almost all fertilizers tested, including NPK and non-fertilized control. A properly treated fecal sludge-based fertilizer can be a sustainable solution for lettuce production, which helps urban and peri-urban agriculture.
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