Your search found 4 records
1 Nakawuka, Prossie; Okwany, Romulus O.; Peters, R. T.; Desta, K.; Sadeghi, H. 2014. Efficacy of boom systems in controlling runoff under center pivots and linear move irrigation systems. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 30(5):797-801. [doi: https://doi.org/10.13031/aea.30.10540]
Irrigation systems ; Sprinkler irrigation ; Soils ; Infiltration ; Surface runoff ; Water conservation
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046678)
(0.50 MB)
Center pivot and linear move irrigation systems’ design and operation are primarily limited by soil infiltration rates. Surface runoff can be a problem on some soils whose in-take rates are low. Additional design and management factors must be considered to prevent runoff in these systems. Boom systems have been suggested to decrease runoff by reducing the water application rate of center pivots and linear move systems. In this study, runoff from plots irrigated with typical in-line sprinklers was compared to runoff from plots irrigated with off-set boom systems. Both inline sprinkler drops and the boom systems were fitted on the same linear move system. Sprinkler nozzle type and size was the same for both in-line drops and the off-set boom drops. Runoff was measured for five irrigation events applied on bare soil during three weeks in October 2013. Differences in runoff between the drop types were significant for the second, third, fourth, and fifth irrigation events. In-line drops generated between 3% and 24% more runoff than the boom systems during the test period. Runoff as a percentage of irrigation water applied increased with each irrigation event for both drop types. The increase however was higher for the in-line drops than for the boom systems. Increase in runoff with increase in sprinkler irrigation events was mainly attributed to soil surface sealing which resulted from sprinkler drop impact.
2 Nakawuka, Prossie; Peters, R. T.; Okwany, Romulus O.; Sadeghi, H. S. 2014. Efficacy of boom systems in limiting runoff on center pivots. In USA. Irrigation Association. Technical session proceedings on Irrigation Show Education Conference, Arizona, USA, 17-21 November 2014. Arlington, VA, USA: Irrigation Association. pp.1-8.
Irrigation methods ; Irrigation systems ; Sprinkler irrigation ; Soil surface properties ; Infiltration ; Runoff
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H046820)
Center pivot and linear move irrigation systems’ design and operation are primarily limited by soil infiltration rates. Boom systems have been suggested to improve infiltration and decrease runoff by reducing the instantaneous water application rate of center pivots and linear move systems. In this research project, we compared runoff from plots irrigated with typical in line sprinklers on a linear move irrigation system with those irrigated with off set boom systems. In line drops consistently generated greater runoff than ‘the boom systems in all of the irrigation events. Differences in runoff between the drop types were significantly different for the second, third, fourth and fifth irrigation events. The runoff differences from in line drops ranged from 3% to 24% greater than the boom systems. Runoff as a percentage of irrigation water applied increased with each irrigation event on both drop types.
3 Bastakoti, Ram C.; Prathapar, S. A.; Okwany, Romulus O.. 2016. Community pond rehabilitation to deal with climate variability: a case study in Nepal Terai. Water Resources and Rural Development, 7:20-35. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wrr.2016.01.001]
Climate change ; Monsoon climate ; Ponds ; Community involvement ; Collective action ; Multiple use ; Rehabilitation ; Surface irrigation ; Irrigation canals ; Irrigation water ; Water availability ; Water resources ; Water productivity ; Water allocation ; Agricultural production ; Crops ; Households ; Income ; Case studies / Nepal / Terai Region / Rupandehi District
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047566)
(1.81 MB)
A large number of small- to medium-sized community ponds exist in most parts of the Terai region in Nepal. Such ponds could be a viable alternative for other forms of surface irrigation. But, with the lack of efficient management, many of these ponds remain underutilized. An effort was made to facilitate the rehabilitation of such a pond in a selected village of Rupandehi District in Western Terai region of Nepal. This paper aims to evaluate the changed water availability situation in post-monsoon seasons after the pond rehabilitation. The paper also evaluates the feasibility of such interventions especially focusing on the potential to provide additional water and improve agricultural productivity. Results showed small increases in quantifiable indicators such as water availability, cropping intensity, productivity and income. The new institutional setup improved water allocation, improved operation and maintenance, and increased social awareness among the people about the importance of underutilized water resources. The intervention has the potential to be replicated in similar contexts.
4 Okwany, Romulus O.; Prathapar, Sanmugam; Bastakoti, Ram C.; Mondal, M. K. 2016. Shallow subsurface drainage for managing seasonal flooding in Ganges floodplain, Bangladesh. Irrigation and Drainage, 65(5):712-723. [doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.1990]
Subsurface drainage ; Flood control ; Water management ; Groundwater table ; Water levels ; Surface water ; Ponds ; Canals ; Monsoon climate ; Seasonal cropping ; Rice ; Winter crops ; Sunflowers ; Harvesting ; Soil moisture ; Precipitation ; Evaporation ; Monitoring ; Farmers ; Community involvement ; Floodplains / Bangladesh / Ganges Floodplain / Khulna / Batiaghata
(Location: IWMI HQ Call no: e-copy only Record No: H047979)
(2.02 MB) (2.02 MB)
The impact of shallow subsurface drainage was investigated as a pilot study on a 0.13 ha plot of a farmer’s field located in Batiaghata, Khulna District, Bangladesh, in the floodplain of the Bay of Bengal. The drainage design differed from traditional subsurface tile drains in two respects: (i) the depth of drains was shallow (30 cm); and (ii) the design did not include a sump and accessories such as pumps (drainage outlets were tidal).
A monsoonal paddy rice crop followed by a winter sunflower crop was evaluated. The experimental treatment was a shallow subsurface drainage system with a drain depth of 0.3 m and drain spacing of 8 m. Measurements of surface flooding depth and groundwater table depth were made weekly and subsurface drainage discharge during managed drainage of the field was measured to determine system responsiveness. The managed subsurface drainage enabled the establishment of the winter sunflower crop 1.5 months earlier than the usual local practice, increased the yield and facilitated safe harvest, avoiding pre-monsoonal rainfall damage. Farmers expressed increased interest in managed subsurface drainage for its potential for early establishment of rabi crops and increased yields in the study area. This study outlines the potential benefits resulting from subsurface drainage in Khulna District.
A monsoonal paddy rice crop followed by a winter sunflower crop was evaluated. The experimental treatment was a shallow subsurface drainage system with a drain depth of 0.3 m and drain spacing of 8 m. Measurements of surface flooding depth and groundwater table depth were made weekly and subsurface drainage discharge during managed drainage of the field was measured to determine system responsiveness. The managed subsurface drainage enabled the establishment of the winter sunflower crop 1.5 months earlier than the usual local practice, increased the yield and facilitated safe harvest, avoiding pre-monsoonal rainfall damage. Farmers expressed increased interest in managed subsurface drainage for its potential for early establishment of rabi crops and increased yields in the study area. This study outlines the potential benefits resulting from subsurface drainage in Khulna District.
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